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Novel N/Carbon Quantum Dots-Modified MIL-125(Ti) Composite for Enhanced Visible Light Photocatalytic Removal of NO
摘要： A highly efficient and stable photocatalysts were synthesized at room temperature by modifying MIL-125(Ti) with N-doped carbon quantum dots (N/CM(Ti)). The N/CM(Ti) with 2.5 Vol% N doped carbon quantum dots (N/CQDs) had the best light absorption and visible light photocatalytic nitrogen oxide (NO) removal efficiency (approximately 49%). It was found through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis that the N-Ti-O bond was formed in the 2.5 Vol% N/CM(Ti), which is more conducive to charge transfer. Photocurrent and electrochemical impedance data also showed that the carrier separation efficiency of 2.5 Vol% N/CM(Ti) was significantly superior to that of MIL-125(Ti). In addition, the TiIII-TiIV of MIL-125(Ti) acts as the active center for photocatalytic removal of NO. Two possible electron migration paths were proposed: electron transfer from N/CQDs to TiIII-TiIV center of MIL-125(Ti) due to the photoinduced electron transfer property of N/CQDs, and absorption of UV light generated from the N/CQDs by the terephthalic acid ligand followed by electron transfer to metal active sites for photocatalytic removal of NO.
关键词： MIL-125(Ti),Visible light,Photocatalysis,NO removal,N-doped carbon quantum dots
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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800??nm diode laser does not display longa??term benefit for hair removal in Becker's nevus: A retrospective analysis of 24 cases
摘要： Becker’s nevus is manifested by either ipsilateral or bilateral pigmented patch with or without hypertrichosis. Although other regimens, including oral antiandrogen and topical glycolic acid, are available, lasers are the most widely used therapeutic regimen. The clinical outcomes of laser therapy for Becker’s nevus vary greatly with studies, skin color, body site and number of treatment session. Previous studies showed that a diode laser reduced hair density by 47-80% in Fitzpatrick skin type V-dominated cohort, whether diode laser can effectively remove hair in Becker’s nevus in Chinese is unknown. Moreover, whether diode laser exhibits long-term benefit for hair removal in Becker’s nevus also remains to be determined. Here, we retrospectively analyze the efficacy and safety of 800 nm diode laser for hair removal in Backer’s nevus in Chinese.
关键词： Becker’s nevus,hypertrichosis,hair removal,diode laser,recurrence
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Ways of Producing Perovskite Light Absorbing Layer on Periodically Patterned Silicon Texture and Evaluating Method
摘要： A fully automated and online artifact removal method for the electroencephalogram (EEG) is developed for use in brain-computer interfacing (BCI). The method (FORCe) is based upon a novel combination of wavelet decomposition, independent component analysis, and thresholding. FORCe is able to operate on a small channel set during online EEG acquisition and does not require additional signals (e.g., electrooculogram signals). Evaluation of FORCe is performed of?ine on EEG recorded from 13 BCI particpants with cerebral palsy (CP) and online with three healthy participants. The method outperforms the state-of the-art automated artifact removal methods Lagged Auto-Mutual Information Clustering (LAMIC) and Fully Automated Statistical Thresholding for EEG artifact Rejection (FASTER), and is able to remove a wide range of artifact types including blink, electromyogram (EMG), and electrooculogram (EOG) artifacts.
关键词： independent component analysis,wavelets,brain-computer interface (BCI),electroencephalogram (EEG),Automated online artifact removal
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Q-Switch Nd:YAG Laser-Assisted Elimination of Multi-Species Biofilm on Titanium Surfaces
摘要： (1) Background: The relatively high prevalence of peri-implantitis (PI) and the lack of a standard method for decontamination of the dental implant surface have pushed us to conduct further research in the field. Bacterial biofilms were found to play a primordial role in the etiology of PI. Therefore, the aim is to evaluate the efficacy of a laser-assisted elimination of biofilm protocol in the removal of a multi-species biofilm on titanium surfaces. (2) Methods: In total, 52 titanium discs (grade 4) were used. The study group consisted of 13 titanium disks contaminated with multi-species biofilms and subsequently irradiated with the laser (T + BF + L). The control groups consisted of the following types of titanium disks: 13 contaminated with multi-species biofilms (T + BF), 13 sterile and irradiated (T + L), 13 sterile and untreated (T). Q-Switch Nd:YAG laser Irradiation parameters were the following: energy density equal to 0.597 J/cm2 per pulse, power equal to 270 milliwatt per pulse, 2.4 mm of spot diameter, and 10 Hz repetition rate for pulse duration of six nanoseconds (ns). The laser irradiation was made during 2 s of total time in non-contact and at 0.5 mm away from the titanium disc surface. After treatment, presence of biofilms on the disks was evaluated by staining with crystal violet (CV), which was measured as optical density at six hundred thirty nm, and statistical analyses were done. (3) Results: the optical density values were 0.004 ± 0.004 for the study group T + BF + L, 0.120 ± 0.039 for group T + BF, 0.006 ± 0.003 for group T + L, and 0.007 ± 0.007 for group T. For the study group, laser treatment resulted in a total elimination of the biofilm, with mean values statistically significantly lower than those of contaminated titanium surfaces and similar to those of sterile titanium surfaces. (4) Conclusions: Our irradiation protocol provided a significant elimination of the multi-species biofilm on titanium surfaces. Laser treated titanium surfaces were biofilm-free, similar to the sterile ones.
关键词： titanium surface,dental implant,biofilm removal,laser,periimplantitis,biofilm
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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The effects of 755 nm alexandrite laser on skin dryness and pruritus
摘要： Introduction: The alexandrite laser (AL) is a very safe and effective treatment used for unwanted hair removal with a reported success rate of 40% to 80% at 6 months and after several treatment sessions. Although a diffuse variety of side effects has been observed during laser treatment, changes in skin dryness and pruritus before and after AL epilation have not been reported yet to the best of our knowledge. Aim: To investigate the effects of 755 nm alexandrite laser on skin dryness and pruritus at the beginning and in the third and the sixth month after the treatment. Material and methods: Forty three patients with Fitzpatrick skin types of II–IV aged 18–45 with leg hair were included in this prospective study. Patients were treated with 755 nm alexandrite laser with 10–12 mm spot size. According to the skin phototype, the settings of the laser were as follows: 12–22 J/cm2 and pulse width of 3 ms. For self-assessment by the patient, the visual analogue scale (VAS) was used before, at the third and sixth month of the treatment as to skin dryness and pruritus. The patients were evaluated by the same dermatologist with the same VAS. The values were compared between before-at the third month, before-at the sixth month and at the third and at the sixth month of the treatment. Results: Pruritus scores were statistically lower at the third month when compared with the baseline scores (p < 0.01). However, there was no difference between the third and sixth month of the treatment as to pruritus scores (p > 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the scores before the treatment and the scores at the third month and at the sixth month as to skin dryness (p < 0.001). However, the difference was not prominent between the third and sixth month scores of skin dryness (p > 0.05). Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study researching the effects of AL on pruritus and skin dryness. Further studies with larger samples and longer follow-up periods will be able to better clarify the association.
关键词： skin dryness,pruritus,alexandrite laser,hair removal
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Retrieval of Glass Fiber Post using Er:YAG Laser and Conventional Endodontic Ultrasonic Method: An In Vitro Study
摘要： Purpose: To compare the times and temperatures used to remove a glass fiber post from an endodontically-treated tooth using erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) compared to conventional endodontic ultrasonic method. Materials and Methods: Thirty four single-root human extracted teeth were endodontically treated ex vivo. The post space was prepared to 7 mm in depth and a 11.4 mm glass fiber post was cemented using composite resin cement. Specimens were kept in 100% humidity for 24 hours and then randomly assigned to Er:YAG laser or ultrasonic methods for post removal. The removal time was recorded. Specimens with a fractured post during the removal process were excluded. The temperature on the external surface of the root was measured at the coronal, middle, and apical third portions during the laser or ultrasonic applications from 1 to 10 minutes. Data were analyzed using one-tailed t-test and paired t-test (ɑ = 0.01) for the post removal time and temperature difference, respectively. The specimen surfaces were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: Fifteen specimens were tested in each group. Four specimens were fractured, 2 in the laser and 1 in ultrasonic group. One post was excluded because of laser tip damage. The average removal time were 98±46.1 seconds for Er:YAG laser and 538±215.6 seconds or ultrasonic groups with significant difference between the groups (p < 0.001). The temperature (°C) ranges measured from 1 to 10 minutes were [24.2°,27.3°] for laser and [33.0°, 38.0°] for ultrasonic in the cervical area, [22.1°,24.6°] for laser and [31.0°,34.6°] for ultrasonic in the middle area, and [24.4°,27.7°] for laser and [30.3°,34.1°] for ultrasonic in the apical area. There were significant differences between temperatures for each treatment (p < 0.001). SEM examination showed no visible damage caused by treatment with Er:YAG laser. Conclusions: Er:YAG laser can remove posts up to 5 times faster than ultrasonic removal method. The laser causes lower temperature increase at the root surface compared to the ultrasonic removal. Er:YAG may be considered as a viable alternative to sonication for post removal.
关键词： laser,Er:YAG,post and core,removal,ultrasonic
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Crystalline Cooperativity of Donor and Acceptor Segments in Double‐Cable Conjugated Polymers toward Efficient Single‐Component Organic Solar Cells
摘要： Capacitive deionization (CDI) has aroused extensive attention as a prospective technology for different ionic species from aqueous solutions. Traditional studies on the removal adsorption and desorption of fluoride from wastewater are energy-intensive and may have harmful effects on the environment. Herein, the feasibility of fluoride removal from wastewater by CDI has been investigated. NiCoAl-layered metal oxide (NiCoAl-LMO) nanosheets and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composites (NiCoAl-LMO/rGO) were synthesized and used as CDI electrode materials for fluoride ion removal. The as-obtained NiCoAl-LMO/rGO with unique structure and high conductivity is beneficial to the adsorption of fluoride ions. In addition, the introduction of Co element in the laminate enhances the pseudocapacitive behavior of the electrode material. As expected, the CDI system with NiCoAl-LMO/rGO composites as anode and activated carbon treated by nitric acid (H-AC) as cathode exhibits outstanding defluorination performance. The maximum adsorption capacity of NiCoAl-LMO/rGO, 24.5 mg g?1, can be reached when the initial NaF concentration is 500 mg L?1 at 1.4 V applied voltage. The composites also show good cycle stability over 40 consecutive cycles of the CDI defluorination process. The excellent defluorination performance of NiCoAl-LMO/rGO makes it possible for its practical application in wastewater treatment.
关键词： capacitive deionization,defluorination,layered double hydroxides,NiCoAl-LMO/rGO,removal capacity
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Increased Tattoo Fading in a Single Laser Tattoo Removal Session Enabled by a Rapid Acoustic Pulse Device: A Prospective Clinical Trial
摘要： Background and Objectives: The ability to provide improved tattoo fading using multiple laser passes in a single office laser tattoo removal session is limited. In part, this is due to the loss of laser effectiveness caused by epidermal and dermal vacuole “whitening” generated during the initial laser pass at the tattoo site. The Rapid Acoustic Pulse (RAP) device generates acoustic shock wave pulses epidermal and dermal vacuoles to enable multiple laser passes in a single office laser tattoo removal session. The objectives of this study were to determine if the RAP device, when used as an accessory to the 1064 nm Nd:YAG Q‐switched (QS) laser can enable delivery of multiple laser passes in a single office laser tattoo removal session, and therefore result in increased tattoo fading compared to the clinical standard single‐pass QS laser tattoo removal session. Study Design/Materials and Methods: The RAP device was evaluated in a single‐center (SkinCare Physicians), prospective, IRB approved study. A total of 32 black ink tattoos, from 21 participants, were divided into three zones and treated with either multiple QS laser passes, each followed by 1 minute of RAP device application (Laser + RAP) in zone one and single‐pass QS laser treatment (Laser‐Only) in zone two, separated by an untreated control zone. The treatment sites were assessed for the number of laser passes and adverse events immediately, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks following the treatment session. Photographs of the treatment sites were assessed for percent fading at 12 weeks post‐treatment by three blinded reviewers. Results: When the RAP device was applied as an accessory to the QS laser in a multi‐pass laser tattoo removal treatment, an average of 4.2 laser passes were delivered in a single session, with no unexpected or serious RAP device‐related adverse events. At the 12‐week follow‐up, tattoos treated with Laser + RAP showed a statistically significant increase in average fading (44.2%) compared with tattoos treated with Laser‐Only (P < 0.01). Additionally, a significantly higher (24.8%) overall proportion of tattoos treated with Laser + RAP (37.5%) had a response of >50% fading compared with tattoos treated with QS Laser‐Only (9.4%) (P < 0.01) as well as a response of >75% fading from Laser + RAP treatment (21.9%) compared with Laser‐Only treatment (3.1%) (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The RAP device, applied as an accessory to the 1064 nm Nd:YAG QS laser, safely enables multiple QS laser treatments in a single office laser tattoo removal session by clearing the whitening caused by the previous QS laser pass. Enabling multiple QS laser passes results in a statistically significant increase in tattoo fading in a single office laser tattoo removal session compared to the clinical standard single‐pass QS laser tattoo removal session.
关键词： tattoo removal,Q‐switched laser,acoustic shock wave,acoustic pulse
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 Device Research Conference (DRC) - Ann Arbor, MI, USA (2019.6.23-2019.6.26)] 2019 Device Research Conference (DRC) - III-V Lasers and Integrated Components Directly Grown on Silicon: Options for Integration
摘要： Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a technique for recording the asynchronous activation of neuronal firing inside the brain with non-invasive scalp electrodes. Artifacts, such as eye blink activities, can corrupt these neuronal signals. While ocular artifact (OA) removal is well investigated for multiple channel EEG systems, in alignment with the recent momentum toward minimalistic EEG systems for use in natural environments, we investigate unsupervised and effective removal of OA from single-channel streaming raw EEG data. In this paper, the unsupervised wavelet transform (WT) decomposition technique was systematically evaluated for the effectiveness of OA removal for a single-channel EEG system. A set of seven raw EEG data set was analyzed. Two commonly used WT methods, Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Stationary Wavelet Transform (SWT), were applied. Four WT basis functions, namely, haar, coif3, sym3, and bior4.4, were considered for OA removal with universal threshold and statistical threshold (ST). To quantify OA removal efficacy from single-channel EEG, five performance metrics were utilized: correlation coefficients, mutual information, signal-to-artifact ratio, normalized mean square error, and time-frequency analysis. The temporal and spectral analysis shows that the optimal combination could be DWT with ST with coif3 or bior4.4 to remove OA among 16 combinations. This paper demonstrates that the WT can be an effective tool for unsupervised OA removal from single-channel EEG data for real-time applications.
关键词： ocular artifact,wavelet transform,electroencephalogram (EEG),single channel EEG,Artifact removal
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Laser depilation as adjuvant therapy in prevention of recurrence of pilonidal sinus disease: initial experience of a district general hospital in the UK
摘要： INTRODUCTION Pilonidal disease is a chronic condition involving the sacrococcygeal area. It can have a significant impact on quality of life, social activities and occupation. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment. However, laser depilation has been proposed as an adjunct to surgery and has shown improved results in some studies. We present our experience of laser depilation in the treatment of pilonidal disease in a district general hospital setting in the UK. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospectively maintained database of all consecutive patients who received laser depilation after elective surgery for pilonidal disease was analysed. Patients were offered a minimum of two sessions of laser depilation. The primary outcome measure was disease recurrence. Evidence of new symptoms or signs of pilonidal disease after one year from the latest surgical intervention was defined as recurrent disease. Data are presented as medians with interquartile ranges. RESULTS A total of 64 patients underwent laser depilation after elective surgery between 1 June 2013 and 1 June 2018; 57 were eligible for final analysis. Sixty-five per cent of patients received six or more sessions of laser treatment. There were no short- or long-term complications related to laser depilation. Patients who had more than two sessions of laser depilation showed an improved recurrence rate. Overall, recurrence rate in our series was 12% at a median follow-up of 172 weeks. CONCLUSION Laser depilation is a safe and effective adjunct to surgery in minimising the recurrence of pilonidal disease. Patients with primary pilonidal disease and those who are undergoing minimally invasive surgery may also benefit from adjuvant laser depilation. Further high-quality control trials are required to assess its efficacy and safety.
关键词： Laser depilation,Laser hair removal,Pilonidal sinus,Pilonidal disease
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59