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UV-activated porous Zn2SnO4 nanofibers for selective ethanol sensing at low temperatures
摘要： Porous ternary Zn2SnO4 nanofibers with a high surface-to-volume ratio were fabricated through an electrospinning technique. UV-activated ethanol sensing responses at low temperatures were revealed using these porous Zn2SnO4 nanofibers as a sensing active layer. The ethanol response was up to 32.5, and the calculated detection limit was as low as 1.6 ppm at a low temperature of 130 °C. The sensor exhibited good ethanol selectivity and stability under UV irradiation. The photoinduced electrons reacted with the absorbed oxygen molecules to form active O? species [O?(hν)], which contributed to the enhanced resistance modulation and low-temperature ethanol response of Zn2SnO4 nanofibers.
关键词： Zn2SnO4,Semiconductors,Electrospinning,UV irradiation,Sensors
更新于2025-11-14 17:04:02
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Rational design of sensitivity enhanced and stability improved TEA gas sensor assembled with Pd nanoparticles-functionalized In2O3 composites
摘要： In this work, special triethylamine (TEA) gas sensors based on Pd nanoparticles (NPs)-decorated In2O3 microstructures with different Pd amount have been successfully fabricated. The optimal sensor based on 3 wt% Pd-loaded In2O3 shows higher gas response compared with other content of Pd wt% and exhibits the highest response of 47.56 when exposed to 50 ppm TEA gas. Furthermore, 3 wt% Pd NPs-In2O3 sensor not only possesses superior response and recovery properties of 4 s and 17 s under 50 ppm TEA gas, respectively, but also displays outstanding selectivity to TEA gas at the existence of other interfering gases. Based on the model of depletion layer, the possible gas sensing mechanism are studied and the results show that, the synergistic effect between the sensitization exerted by Pd nanoparticles and structural defects may be responsible for the remarkably enhanced TEA sensing performance. Considering the superiority including low cost, simple structure, and facile fabrication, 3 wt% Pd NPs-In2O3 microstructures are promising for high-performance TEA sensing applications.
关键词： Triethylamine,In2O3,Gas sensors
更新于2025-11-14 17:04:02
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High-performance flexible UV photodetectors based on AZO/ZnO/PVK/PEDOT:PSS heterostructures integrated on human hair
摘要： Flexible optoelectronics is an emerging research field that has attracted profound interest in recent years due to the special functions and potential applications of these devices in flexible image sensors, optical computing, energy conversion devices, Internet of Things and other technologies. Here, we demonstrate the high-performance UV photodetectors using AZO/ZnO nanorods/PVK/PEDOT:PSS heterostructures integrated on human hair. Due to the precise interfacial energy-level alignment among all layers and superior mechanical characteristics of human hair, the as-obtained photodetector shows a fast response time, high photoresponsivity and excellent flexibility. According to integrate 7 heterostructures as 7 display pixels, the flexible UV-image sensor has superior device performance and outstanding flexibility and can produce vivid and accurate images of Arabic numerals from 0 to 9. Different combinations of the two heterostructures can also be used to achieve flexible photon-triggered logic functions including AND, OR and NAND gates. The findings in this work indicate the possibility of using the human hair as fibre-shaped flexible substrate and will allow the use of hair-based hierarchical heterostructures as building blocks to create exciting opportunities for next generation high-performance, multifunctional, low-cost, and flexible optoelectronic devices.
关键词： photon-triggered logic gates,fast photoresponse,UV photodetectors,human hair,optical-image sensors
更新于2025-11-14 17:04:02
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Epitaxial Liftoff of Wafer‐Scale VO <sub/>2</sub> Nanomembranes for Flexible, Ultrasensitive Tactile Sensors
摘要： Highly sensitive tactile sensors with long-term stability and low power consumption are one of the key components for flexible electronics. Here, for the first time, the fabrication of VO2 nanomembrane tactile sensors by epitaxial liftoff from ZnO sacrificial layer is reported. The wafer-scale nanomembranes inherit the structural and electrical properties of the as-grown films, and the wet transfer generates negligible influence on the quality of VO2. Most importantly, giant electrical responses to external strains are found due to the release of substrate clamping, and a high gauge factor up to ≈1100 is derived. Furthermore, the electrical properties show no deterioration after repeatedly bending the nanomembranes for 10 000 times at a radius of 1 cm. The VO2 nanomembrane sensors are utilized to monitor the radial artery pulse, and totally reproducible waveforms with ultrahigh sensitivity to the tactile stimuli are observed. Moreover, the power dissipation of the VO2 tactile sensors can be lowered down to the picowatt level, allowing for the future construction of self-powered sensing systems together with nanogenerators. This study provides a substantial step toward large-scale preparation of oxide nanomembranes and therefore paves a promising way for flexible oxide electronics.
关键词： flexible electronics,piezoresistivity,vanadium dioxide,tactile sensors,epitaxial liftoff
更新于2025-11-14 17:03:37
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Metal–organic framework-derived ZnO hollow nanocages functionalized with nanoscale Ag catalysts for enhanced ethanol sensing properties
摘要： Increase of porosity and functionalization with nanoscale catalysts are two significant aspects for achieving high-performance metal oxide-based resistive gas sensors. In this work, a simple metal–organic framework (MOF) route has been developed to fabricate Ag nanocatalysts functionalized ZnO hollow nanocages (NCs). Nanoscale Ag catalysts with a small size of approximately 10 nm are uniformly encapsulated within the cavities of MOFs (ZIF-8). The high porosity, hollow structure, and functionalization with uniformly-distributed nanoscale Ag catalysts have been simultaneously achieved for MOF-derived ZnO. This type of porous Ag–ZnO hollow NCs show much enhanced ethanol sensing performances and reduced operating temperature in comparison with pure ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) and ZnO NCs. In particular, the 1 ml Ag–ZnO NCs exhibit the highest response of 84.6 to 100 ppm ethanol at 250 °C, which is 6.4 and 3.3 times higher than those of pure ZnO NPs and ZnO NCs at the optimum operating temperature of 275 °C, respectively. The Ag–ZnO NCs also display fast response/recovery times, good ethanol selectivity, and response reproducibility. The enhanced ethanol sensing properties are attributed to the synergistic effects of several points including the electron sensitization effects and catalytic effects of nanoscale Ag catalysts, porous and hollow structures, high surface area, and high surface O? species absorbing capability of Ag–ZnO NCs.
关键词： ZnO,Gas sensors,Metal–organic frameworks,Ag,Hollow
更新于2025-11-14 17:03:37
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H2 Gas Sensor Based on Pd/ZnO Nanostructures Deposited on Tapered Optical Fiber
摘要： A novel H2 sensor using tapered optical fiber coated with Pd/ZnO nanostructures have been developed. The ZnO nanostructures was synthesized and deposited onto tapered optical fiber via chemical bath deposition (CBD) method. The ZnO was characterized by FESEM, XRD and EDX to confirm the material properties. It was discovered that the sensor is sensitive towards different concentrations of H2 in synthetic air at 180oC of operating temperature. By varying the deposition time of ZnO coating, different thickness of ZnO layer can be obtained. It was observed that with 280 nm thickness, the maximum absorbance response can be achieved. Further investigation with sensor sample of as-prepared and annealed was carried out to study its sensing performance towards H2. The absorbance response of 280 nm thickness of annealed Pd/ZnO has increased 64% as compared to as-prepared Pd/ZnO upon 1% H2 exposure in the synthetic air when measured in the visible to near infra-red optical wavelength. It can be concluded that the Pd/ZnO optical fiber sensor with thickness around 280 nm provided better sensitivity in sensing H2 at 180oC as compared to other thicknesses investigated.
关键词： Optical sensors,zinc oxide,sensing material
更新于2025-11-14 15:30:11
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Highly Sensitive and Selective Nanogap-Enhanced SERS Sensing Platform
摘要： This paper reports a highly sensitive and selective surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) sensing platform. We used a simple fabrication method to generate plasmonic hotspots through a direct maskless plasma etching of a polymer surface and the surface tension-driven assembly of high aspect ratio Ag/polymer nanopillars. These collapsed plasmonic nanopillars produced an enhanced near-field interaction via coupled localized surface plasmon resonance. The high density of the small nanogaps yielded a high plasmonic detection performance, with an average SERS enhancement factor of 1.5 × 107. More importantly, we demonstrated that the encapsulation of plasmonic nanostructures within nanofiltration membranes allowed the selective filtration of small molecules based on the degree of membrane swelling in organic solvents and molecular size. Nanofiltration membrane-encapsulated SERS substrates do not require pretreatments. Therefore, they provide a simple and fast detection of toxic molecules using portable Raman spectroscopy.
关键词： hotspots,sensors,molecular filtration,surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,localized surface plasmon resonance
更新于2025-11-14 15:30:11
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The impact of ZnO configuration as an external layer on the sensitivity of a bi-layer coated polymer optical fiber probe
摘要： Salinity magnitude changes are a critical factor for determining the chemistry of natural water bodies and biological processes. Label-free refractive index sensors are promising devices for detecting these changes. A polymer optical fiber (POF) sensor modified with cladding treatment and a bi-layer zinc oxide/silver (ZnO/Ag) nanostructure coating to determine sodium chloride concentration changes through refractive index variations in water is experimentally demonstrated. The use of three ZnO nanostructure shapes, nanoparticles and horizontally and vertically oriented nanorods, as an external layer and a broad spectrum light source from the visible (Vis) to the near infrared (NIR) region are investigated to achieve optimum sensitivity. The rms roughness, optical band-gap and zeta potential (ZP) value for the vertically oriented sample are 148 nm, 3.19 eV and 5.96 mV, respectively. In the NIR region the wavelength–intensity sensitivity values of probes coated with ZnO nanoparticles and horizontally and vertically oriented nanorods are 104 nm RIU?1–12 dB RIU?1, 63 nm RIU?1–10 dB RIU?1 and 146 nm RIU?1–22 dB RIU?1, respectively, and in the Vis area the values are 65 nm RIU?1–14 dB RIU?1, 58 nm RIU?1–11 dB RIU?1 and 89 nm RIU?1–23 dB RIU?1, respectively. The maximum amplitude sensitivity is obtained for the probe coated with vertically aligned ZnO nanorods in the NIR area due to the deeper penetration of evanescent waves, a higher surface-volume ratio, better crystallinity, more adhesive interactions with salt molecules, larger surface roughness and higher-order dispersion compared to the other coated ZnO nanostructures.
关键词： sensitivity,salinity,nanorods,refractive index sensors,ZnO/Ag nanostructure,polymer optical fiber,nanoparticles
更新于2025-11-14 15:25:21
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Organic Field-Effect Transistor Based Ultrafast, Flexible, Physiological Temperature Sensors with Hexagonal Barium Titanate Nanocrystals in Amorphous Matrix as Sensing Material.
摘要： Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) with hexagonal barium titanate nanocrystals in amorphous matrix (h-BTNC) as one of the bilayer dielectric system have been fabricated on a highly flexible 10 μm thick polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates. The device current and mobility remains same upto a bending radius of 4mm that make it suitable for wearable e-skin applications. h-BTNC films found to be highly temperature sensitive and the OFETs designed based on this material showed ultra-precession (~4.3 mK), low power (~ 1μW at 1.2 V operating voltage), ultrafast response (~24 ms) in sensing temperature over a range from 20 °C to 45 °C continuously. The sensors are highly stable around body temperature and work at various extreme conditions, such as under water, solutions of different pH as well as of various salt concentrations. These properties make this sensor very unique and highly suitable for various healthcare and other applications, where in a small variation of temperature around this temperature range is required to be measured at an ultra-fast speed.
关键词： low power OFETs,electronic skin,temperature sensors,organic field-effect transistors,flexible sensors,healthcare sensors
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Photonic Crystal Fibres PCF for Different Sensors in Review
摘要： In this work, we present the update results for using the PCF as a sensors application, where we have chosen a modern collection of manuscripts previously published in scientific journals in the field of optical, biological and chemical sensors. So we compared their presented results, in order to reach the best results previously published in the use PCF for optical, biological and chemical sensors.
关键词： PCF,Sensors,Refractive Index Sensors,Photonic Crystal Fiber,Gass Sensors
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52