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[IEEE 2019 10th International Conference on Computing, Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT) - Kanpur, India (2019.7.6-2019.7.8)] 2019 10th International Conference on Computing, Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT) - An organic-inorganic solar cell with graphene as an electron transport layer: an approach to increase the carrier collection efficiency
摘要： Methyl-Ammonium lead halide based solar cell has shown a tremendous approach to fulfill the energy crisis on the earth for its high efficiency and low manufacturing cost. While there are some other materials which influence the execution of Perovskite sunlight based cell, these materials are nothing but the electron as well as hole transport materials. In this article the behavior and performances of electron transport materials are mostly focused which generally increase the proficiency of Perovskite solar cell by simultaneously increasing the open circuit voltage and short circuit current. The role of graphene as an electron transport material is mainly discussed and also compared with some other metal oxide electron transport material as well as organic-based electron transport material. As keeping graphene as an electron transport material the predicted results of Perovskite solar cell are as follows: - maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) = 23.42%, short-circuit-current-densit=3.25A/m2,open-circuit-voltage=0.86v,fill factor=0.83au. So graphene-based electron transport material can be the entry for the improvement of Perovskite solar cell.
关键词： electron transport materials,fill factor,efficiency,open circuit voltage,graphene,Perovskite solar cell,short-circuit current density
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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The light-trapping effect in various textured cover glass for enhancing the current density in silicon heterojunction solar cells
摘要： Light trapping by front surface texturing is considered an important mechanism since it can reduce the reflectance on the surface, enhance the photo-generated charge carriers and hence the performance of solar cells. Since the silicon (p, i, n) layers are deposited after surface texturing that may induce various defects leading to a reduction in open-circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor (FF). In this study, textured glass surfaces and silicon heterojunction solar cells (HJSCs) were prepared separately. The textured glass surface was optically coupled with the index matching solution (IMS) at the front surface of HJSCs for an enhancement in current density. Three wet chemical textured glass surfaces named Etch 1, Etch 2 and Etch 3 were employed based on various optical properties. It was observed during the current density-voltage (J-V) measurements that Voc and FF of the device did not change. Reference HJSC coupled with flat glass showed J-V characteristic as Voc=726.3 mV, FF=76.62%, Jsc=37.9 mA/cm2, ?=21.09% without IMS. The Jsc of HJSCs coupled with textured glass surface can be further enhanced by using IMS due to better light trapping. HJSCs coupled with textured glass (Etch 2) surface showed the highest Jsc of 38.4 mA/cm2 with an efficiency of 21.4% without IMS whereas it showed an efficiency of 22.41% with Jsc of 40.2 mA/cm2 using IMS. The trends in the external quantum efficiency of the HJSCs indicate that the Jsc can be improved if a suitable index matching solution and glass material are used.
关键词： textured glass,current density,light trapping,index matching solution,Solar cell
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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A Computational Protocol for Precise Prediction of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Performance
摘要： Numerous organic dyes have been developed for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). However, theoretical screening has not played the due role in designing new dyes. It is mainly attributed that there is rarely quantitative calculation and the inaccurate estimated values for short-circuit current density (JSC) and open-circuit photovoltage (VOC), especially for VOC. In this work, VOC is theoretically predicted by two different models for three D-π-A organic dyes (1, 2, and 3) with the same π bridge and acceptor as well as different donors. Although there is slight deviation for their structures, their properties are successfully differentiated by accurate quantitative calculations. Dimethoxybenzene substituted indoline is more suitable to be donor than methoxy substituted triphenylamine and methyl substituted indoline when it combines with 8H-thieno[2′,3′:4,5]thieno[3,2-b]thieno[2,3-d]pyrrole (TTP) as π bridge and cyanoacrylic acid as acceptor. The properties of donor not only are related with the core group but also are determined by the substituted group. Less than 10% deviation between theoretical and experimental results is an insurance to perform the reasonable prediction for photocurrent-photovoltage.
关键词： Short-circuit current density,Organic dyes,Computational protocol,Open-circuit photovoltage,Theoretical screening,Dye-sensitized solar cells
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Threshold Current Density of Al0.1Ga0.9N/GaN Triple Quantum Well Laser
摘要： Semiconductor laser is used in processing many issues related to the scientific, military, medical, industrial and agricultural fields due to its unique properties such as coherence and high strength where GaN-based components are the most efficient in this field. Current technological developments mention to the strong connection of GaN with sustainable electronic and optoelectronic devices which have high-efficiency. The threshold current density of Al0.1Ga0.9N/GaN triple quantum well laser structure was investigated to determine best values of the parameters affecting the threshold current density that are well width, average thickness of active region, cavity length, reflectivity of cavity mirrors and optical confinement factor. The optimum value of the threshold current density is 2670 A/cm2 was obtained when the well width (w= 2.5 nm), reflectivity of cavity mirrors (R1=0.75, R2=0.9), cavity length (L=2mm), average thickness of active region (d= 11.5 nm), and optical confinement factor ( Γ= 0.034) at room temperature.
关键词： threshold current density,GaN,multiple quantum well lasers,AlGaN
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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AIP Conference Proceedings [AIP Publishing 15th International Conference on Concentrator Photovoltaic Systems (CPV-15) - Fes, Morocco (25–27 March 2019)] 15th International Conference on Concentrator Photovoltaic Systems (CPV-15) - Impact of the thermal budget of the emitter formation on the pFF of PERC+ solar cells
摘要： We develop processes for advanced phosphorus doping profiles in order to reduce the emitter saturation current density Jo,e of industrial bifacial PERC+ solar cells. With an in-situ oxidation, which takes place in the POCl3 furnace in between the deposition and the drive-in step, the surface concentration was lowered from 3 × 1020 cm-3 to 1.7 × 1020 cm-3. With an additional ex-situ oxidation, which takes place after the phosphorus silicate glass is removed, the phosphorus surface concentration was further reduced to 3 × 1019 cm- 3. The decreased phosphorus surface concentration drastically reduces Jo,e from 106 fA/cm2 down to 22 fA/cm2. The reduced Jo,e increases the implied open circuit voltage up to 712 mV of unmetallized PERC+ test structures and the Voc of PERC+ solar cells up to 678 mV and efficiencies up to 21.8%. However, our solar cell analysis reveals for the first time, that with increasing thermal budget of the applied POCl3 and oxidation recipes the pseudo fill factor (pFF) decreases by up to 1.5%. This corresponds to an efficiency loss of approximately 0.5%abs. We analyse the pFF loss based on different lifetime test structures representing the emitter or the bulk of the PERC+ solar cell. From the lifetime measurements we calculate I-V curves representing the implied fill factor (iFF) of the different parts of the PERC+ solar cell as well as a combined one for the whole cell, which compares well to the measured pFF. The iFF values clearly show that the pFF is mainly limited by wafer bulk material. However, also the iFF values of the emitter slightly decrease with increasing thermal budget.
关键词： in-situ oxidation,phosphorus doping profiles,pseudo fill factor,ex-situ oxidation,emitter saturation current density,PERC+ solar cells,thermal budget
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Stilbene Based Organic Dye as Efficient Sensitizer for NLO and Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: A First Principle Study
摘要： In this study, we have designed five different Stilbene based dyes as efficient sensitizers for Nonlinear Optical Properties (NLO) and Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs). Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Time-Dependent DFT (TD-DFT) have used to investigate molecular properties, in order to influence and performance of the dye sensitizer in the DSSCs. The theoretical result indicates that the HOMO and LUMO energy levels of this dye can be ensured a positive effect on the process of photoelectron injection into semiconductor surface and dye regeneration by the electrolyte. The solar energy conversion efficiency, effective key parameters in influence with the Short-Circuit Current Density (JSC), Light Harvesting Efficiency (LHE) and Electron injection driving force (?Ginject) were discussed. The Stilbene-based dyes can be used as a potential sensitizer for photoelectron injection into the semiconductor surface due to its best electronic structure and optical properties of the good photovoltaic parameters.
关键词： Reorganization energy,Light Harvesting Efficiency,Driving force,Short-Circuit Current Density,Dye sensitizer
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Optimization of light trapping in square and hexagonal grid inclined silicon nanowire solar cells
摘要： In this paper, we focus on the optimization of four inclined nanowire solar cell designs by calculating optimum nanowire dimensions and the inclination angle using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Two types of the nanowire arrangements in an array (grid) has been investigated and hexagonal grid has been proposed as an efficient arrangement pattern for nanowire solar cells with superior light trapping and absorption properties. The effect of the nanowire cross sections on the performance of the solar cell in each grid has been studied and it has been proved that the nanowires with circular cross sections in a hexagonal grid provide the best characteristics. For the first time, four design parameters of a nanowire solar cell including the nanowire dimensions and the inclination angle have been optimized simulatnously by using PSO algorithm. The absorption efficiencies above 40 % and the current densities above 50 mA/cm2 have been achieved in optimum cases. The absorption, electric field, absorption efficiency and the current density have been calculated for all the structures and have been compared to each other. The results show that all the proposed solar cell designs, after optimization, outperform the previous works.
关键词： Optimization,Absorption,Inclined Nanowire,Current Density,Solar Cell
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Time-domain Formulation of a Multi-layer Plane Circuit Coupled with Lumped-parameter Circuits using Maxwell Equations
摘要： We calculate electromagnetic phenomena in the multi-layer plane circuit starting from the Maxwell equations. We present a numerical method of potential and current density in two-dimensional conductors, where their time developments are treated as phenomena of wave propagation. We treat the plane conductors by dividing them into small finite-volume elements, similar to the case of the partial element equivalent circuit method, and the transport equations are then solved by the finite-difference time-domain method. Furthermore, we develop a calculation method for the boundary in a multi-layer plane by applying the method we have used in multi-transmission lines. We formulate the boundary conditions of a multi-layer plane coupled with lumped-parameter circuits and introduce an algorithm to reduce calculation costs that are largely associated with the two-dimensional extension from the multi-transmission-line case. We perform calculations of the wave propagation of potential, current density, and charge density in the time domain for a simple plane circuit. these calculations are presented as supplementary materials of the present paper.
关键词： wave propagation,multi-layer plane circuit,electromagnetic phenomena,lumped-parameter circuits,potential and current density,numerical method,finite-difference time-domain method,Maxwell equations
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Plasma source based on an unbalanced magnetron sputtering system
摘要： The paper presents research results on the capabilities of an unbalanced magnetron sputtering (UMS) system with a coefficient of geometrical unbalance KG=0.3 to produce gas discharge plasma far from its target. Using argon as the working gas and silicon as the target material, it is shown that the proposed UMS system provides the generation of plasma with an ion current density of ≈ 0.2 mA/cm2 in the region of treated material at 440 mm from the Si target. The research data on the maximum power at which the UMS system produces high-density plasma without melting the Si target are also presented.
关键词： unbalanced magnetron sputtering,plasma source,ion current density,silicon target
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Probing the effect of interface on vortex pinning efficiency of one-dimensional BaZrO <sub/>3</sub> and BaHfO <sub/>3</sub> artificial pinning centers in YBa <sub/>2</sub> Cu <sub/>3</sub> O <sub/>7-x</sub> thin films
摘要： C-axis-aligned one-dimensional arti?cial pinning centers (1D-APCs) provide strong correlated pinning of magnetic vortices and enhance critical current density Jc in superconducting YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) ?lms and coated conductors. A fundamental question arises on what determines the pinning ef?ciency of different 1D-APCs. To shed light on this question, this work investigates the correlation between the 1D-APC/YBCO interface and the pinning ef?ciency of 1D-APCs of BaHfO3 (BHO) and BaZrO3 (BZO) of comparable diameters of 5–6 nm. Intriguingly, a highly coherent BHO 1D-APC/YBCO interface is revealed even at a high BHO doping level of 6 vol. %, in contrast to a semi-coherent BZO 1D-APC/YBCO interface with a large number of dislocations. This leads to a profound effect on the pinning ef?ciency of these 1D-APCs. Speci?cally, a record high pinning force density peak Fp,max (cid:2) 182.0 GN m(cid:3)3 at Hmax > 9.0 T and 65 K is obtained in the former, which is 2.5 times of the best reported in the latter. Moreover, a ratio of Hmax to accommodation ?eld H* determined from the 1D-APC areal concentration is found up to 3.5 in the former in contrast to 0.7 in the latter, demonstrating the critical impact of the APC/YBCO interface on the pinning ef?ciency of 1D-APCs.
关键词： YBCO,critical current density,BZO,artificial pinning centers,BHO,vortex pinning
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36