- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
-
Contact-Less Real-Time Monitoring of Cardiovascular Risk Using Video Imaging and Fuzzy Inference Rules
摘要： Conventional methods for measuring cardiovascular parameters use skin contact techniques requiring a measuring device to be worn by the user. To avoid discomfort of contact devices, camera-based techniques using photoplethysmography have been recently introduced. Nevertheless, these solutions are typically expensive and difficult to be used daily at home. In this work, we propose an innovative solution for monitoring cardiovascular parameters that is low cost and can be easily integrated within any common home environment. The proposed system is a contact-less device composed of a see-through mirror equipped with a camera that detects the person’s face and processes video frames using photoplethysmography in order to estimate the heart rate, the breath rate and the blood oxygen saturation. In addition, the color of lips is automatically detected via clustering-based color quantization. The estimated parameters are used to predict a risk of cardiovascular disease by means of fuzzy inference rules integrated in the mirror-based monitoring system. Comparing our system to a contact device in measuring vital parameters on still or slightly moving subjects, we achieve measurement errors that are within acceptable margins according to the literature. Moreover, in most cases, the response of the fuzzy rule-based system is comparable with that of the clinician in assessing a risk level of cardiovascular disease.
关键词： signal processing,fuzzy inference system,diagnosis,cardiovascular disease,video imaging,personal health care,contact-less monitoring,photoplethysmography
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
Automatic thyroid nodule recognition and diagnosis in ultrasound imaging with the YOLOv2 neural network
摘要： Background: In this study, images of 2450 benign thyroid nodules and 2557 malignant thyroid nodules were collected and labeled, and an automatic image recognition and diagnosis system was established by deep learning using the YOLOv2 neural network. The performance of the system in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules was evaluated, and the application value of artificial intelligence in clinical practice was investigated. Methods: The ultrasound images of 276 patients were retrospectively selected. The diagnoses of the radiologists were determined according to the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System; the images were automatically recognized and diagnosed by the established artificial intelligence system. Pathological diagnosis was the gold standard for the final diagnosis. The performances of the established system and the radiologists in diagnosing the benign and malignant thyroid nodules were compared. Results: The artificial intelligence diagnosis system correctly identified the lesion area, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.902, which is higher than that of the radiologists (0.859). This finding indicates a higher diagnostic accuracy (p = 0.0434). The sensitivity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of the artificial intelligence diagnosis system for the diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules were 90.5%, 95.22%, 80.99%, and 90.31%, respectively, and the performance did not significantly differ from that of the radiologists (p > 0.05). The artificial intelligence diagnosis system had a higher specificity (89.91% vs 77.98%, p = 0.026). Conclusions: Compared with the performance of experienced radiologists, the artificial intelligence system has comparable sensitivity and accuracy for the diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules and better diagnostic ability for benign thyroid nodules. As an auxiliary tool, this artificial intelligence diagnosis system can provide radiologists with sufficient assistance in the diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules.
关键词： Thyroid nodules,Ultrasound,Artificial intelligence,Computer-aided diagnosis systems,YOLOv2 neural network
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
Hybrid technique for the detection of suspicious lesions in digital mammograms
摘要： This paper presents an efficient system for the detection of suspicious lesions in mammograms. The proposed detection system consists of three steps. In the first step, an efficient pre-processing technique is developed using Top-Hat morphological filter and NL means filter. In the second step, threshold selection procedure is developed using a combination of Fuzzy C-means (FCM), gradient magnitude (GM), and intensity contrast (IC). Finally, computed threshold is used to extract the suspicious lesions in mammograms. The Free Response Operating Characteristics (FROC) curve is used to assess the performance of the proposed system. Proposed system achieved the sensitivity of 93.8% at the rate of 0.51 false positives per image.
关键词： breast cancer,segmentation,computer-aided diagnosis,fuzzy C-means,mammograms
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
Avalia??o do conhecimento de médicos n?o radiologistas sobre aspectos relacionados à radia??o ionizante em exames de imagem
摘要： Objective: To assess the non-radiologist physicians’ knowledge on the use of ionizing radiation in imaging. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study utilizing an anonymous questionnaire responded by physicians in clinical and surgical specialties, divided into two parts as follows: one including questions about the physicians’ characteristics, frequency of imaging studies requests and participation in professional updating events, and another part including multiple choice questions approaching general knowledge about radiation, optimization principles and radioprotection. Results: From a total of 309 questionnaires, 120 (38.8%) were responded, 50% by physicians in surgical specialties and 50% in clinical specialties; respectively 45% and 2.5% of physicians responded that magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography use ionizing radiation. Overall, the average grade was higher for surgical specialists with no significant difference, except for the question about exposure in pregnant women (p = 0.047). Physicians who are professionally updated, particularly those attending clinical meetings (p = 0.050) and participating in teaching activities (p = 0.047), showed statistically superior knowledge about ionizing radiation as compared with others. Conclusion: The non-radiologist physicians’ knowledge is heterogeneous and in some points needs to be improved. Multidisciplinary clinical meetings and teaching activities are important ways to disseminate information on the subject.
关键词： Questionnaire.,Knowledge,Ionizing radiation,Imaging diagnosis,Physicians,Radiation protection
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
Evaluation of the Spies? modalities image quality
摘要： Introduction: The Spies? system (Karl-Storz?) was introduced into digital ureteroscopy to improve endoscopic vision. To date, there is no data to either indicate which of the Spies modalities is better for improving diagnosis and treatment procedures, nor to compare the modalities in terms of image quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the image quality of five Spies? modalities (SM) to the standard white light in an in-vitro model. Materials and Methods: Two standardized grids and 3 stones of different composition were recorded in white light and the 5SM (Clara, Chroma, Clara+Chroma), Spectra A and B) using 4 standardized aqueous scenarios. Twelve templates were done in order to simultaneously compare the same objective in the different modalities. Six urologists, five medical students, five urology residents, and five persons not involved with urology evaluated each video on a scale of 1 (very bad) to 5 (very good). Results: Comparing white light to SM, subjects scored better the quality of Clara and Clara+Chroma than white light (p=0.0139 and p<0.05) and scored worse Spectra A and B (p=0.0005 and p=0.0023)). When comparing Clara to the other SM, it was ranked equivalent to Clara+Chroma (p=0.67) and obtained a higher rank than Chroma, Spectra A and B (p<0.05, p=0.0001 and p=0.0001). In the multivariate analysis mean scores were higher among urologists. Conclusion: In all analyzed scenarios, the subjects ranked Clara and Clara+Chroma as the modalities with better image quality compared to white light.
关键词： Lithotripsy,Diagnosis,Ureteroscopy,Technology
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
An efficient sampling algorithm for uncertain abnormal data detection in biomedical image processing and disease prediction
摘要： In this paper, we propose a computer information processing algorithm that can be used for biomedical image processing and disease prediction. A biomedical image is considered a data object in a multi-dimensional space. Each dimension is a feature that can be used for disease diagnosis. We introduce a new concept of the top (k1, k2) outlier. It can be used to detect abnormal data objects in the multi-dimensional space. This technique focuses on uncertain space, where each data object has several possible instances with distinct probabilities. We design an efficient sampling algorithm for the top (k1, k2) outlier in uncertain space. Some improvement techniques are used for acceleration. Experiments show our methods' high accuracy and high efficiency.
关键词： uncertain,outlier,computer information processing,Biomedical image,disease diagnosis,abnormal detection
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
Employing Image Processing Techniques and Artificial Intelligence for Automated Eye Diagnosis Using Digital Eye Fundus Images
摘要： Blindness usually comes from two main causes, glaucoma and diabetes. Robust mass screening is performed for diagnosing, such as screening that requires a cost-effective method for glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy and integrates well with digital medical imaging, image processing, and administrative processes. For addressing all these issues, we propose a novel low-cost automated glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy diagnosis system, based on features extraction from digital eye fundus images. This paper proposes a diagnosis system for automated identification of healthy, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy. Using a combination of local binary pattern features, Gabor filter features, statistical features, and color features which are then fed to an artificial neural network and support vector machine classifiers. In this work, the classifier identifies healthy, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy images with an accuracy of 91.1%,92.9%, 92.9%, and 92.3% and sensitivity of 91.06%, 92.6%, 92.66%, and 91.73% and specificity of 89.83%, 91.26%, 91.96%, and 89.16% for ANN, and an accuracy of 90.0%,92.94%, 95.43%, and 97.92% and sensitivity of 89.34%, 93.26%, 95.72%, and 97.93% and specificity of 95.13%, 96.68%, 97.88%, and 99.05% for SVM, based on 5, 10, 15, and 31 number of selected features. The proposed system can detect glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and normal cases with high accuracy and sensitivity using selected features, the performance of the system is high due to using of a huge fundus database.
关键词： and Classification,Diagnosis,Diabetic Retinopathy,Glaucoma,Eye Fundus
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
New Parametric Imaging Method with Fluorescein Angiograms for Detecting Areas of Capillary Nonperfusion
摘要： Fluorescein angiography (FAG) is currently the most useful diagnostic modality for examining retinal circulation, and it is frequently used for the evaluation of patients with diabetic retinopathy, occlusive diseases, such as retinal venous and arterial occlusions, and wet macular degeneration. This paper presents a method for objectively evaluating retinal circulation by quantifying circulation-related parameters. Methods: This method allows the semiautomatic preprocessing and registering of FAG images. The arterial input function is estimated from the registered set of FAG images using gamma-variate fitting. Then, the parameters can be computed by deconvolution on the basis of truncated singular value decomposition, and they can finally be presented as parametric color images in a combination of three colors, red, green, and blue. Results: After the estimation of arterial input function, the parameters of relative blood flow and mean transit time were computed using deconvolution analysis based on truncated singular value decomposition. Conclusions: The parametric color image is helpful to interpret the status of retinal blood circulation and provides quantitative data on retina ischemia without interobserver variability. This system easily provides the status of retinal blood circulation both qualitatively and quantitatively. It also helps to standardize FAG interpretation and may contribute to network-based telemedicine systems in the future.
关键词： Fluorescein Angiography,Ophthalmology,Computer-Assisted Diagnosis,Eye Disease,Biomedical Engineering
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
Effect of object position in the field of view and application of a metal artifact reduction algorithm on the detection of vertical root fractures on cone-beam computed tomography scans: An <i>in vitro</i> study
摘要： Purpose: To assess the effects of object position in the field of view (FOV) and application of a metal artifact reduction (MAR) algorithm on the diagnostic accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for the detection of vertical root fractures (VRFs). Materials and Methods: Sixty human single-canal premolars received root canal treatment. VRFs were induced in 30 endodontically treated teeth. The teeth were then divided into 4 groups, with 2 groups receiving metal posts and the remaining 2 only having an empty post space. The roots from different groups were mounted in a phantom made of cow rib bone, and CBCT scans were obtained for the 4 different groups. Three observers evaluated the images independently. Results: The highest frequency of correct diagnoses of VRFs was obtained with the object positioned centrally in the FOV, using the MAR algorithm. Peripheral positioning of the object without the MAR algorithm yielded the highest sensitivity for the first observer (66.7%). For the second and third observers, a central position improved sensitivity, with or without the MAR algorithm. In the presence of metal posts, central positioning of the object in the FOV significantly increased the diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy compared to peripheral positioning. Conclusion: Diagnostic accuracy was higher with central positioning than with peripheral positioning, irrespective of whether the MAR algorithm was applied. However, the effect of the MAR algorithm was more significant with central positioning than with peripheral positioning of the object in the FOV. The clinical experience and expertise of the observers may serve as a confounder in this respect.
关键词： Cone-Beam Computed Tomography,Artifact,Diagnosis,Tooth Fracture
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
Significance of Additional Non-Mass Enhancement in Patients with Breast Cancer on Preoperative 3T Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI of the Breast
摘要： Background: In preoperative assessment of breast cancer, MRI has been shown to identify more additional breast lesions than are detectable using conventional imaging techniques. The characterization of additional lesions is more important than detection for optimal surgical treatment. Additional breast lesions can be included in focus, mass, and non-mass enhancement (NME) on MRI. According to the fifth edition of the breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS?), which includes several changes in the NME descriptors, few studies to date have evaluated NME in preoperative assessment of breast cancer. Objectives: We investigated the diagnostic accuracy of BI-RADS descriptors in predicting malignancy for additional NME lesions detected on preoperative 3T dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) in patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer. Patients and Methods: Between January 2008 and December 2012, 88 patients were enrolled in our study, all with NME lesions other than the index cancer on preoperative 3T DCE-MRI and all with accompanying histopathologic examination. The MRI findings were analyzed according to the BI-RADS MRI lexicon. We evaluated the size, distribution, internal enhancement pattern, and location of NME lesions relative to the index cancer (i.e., same quadrant, different quadrant, or contralateral breast). Results: On histopathologic analysis of the 88 NME lesions, 73 (83%) were malignant and 15 (17%) were benign. Lesion size did not differ significantly between malignant and benign lesions (P = 0.410). Malignancy was more frequent in linear (P = 0.005) and segmental (P = 0.011) distributions, and benignancy was more frequent in focal (P = 0.004) and regional (P < 0.001) NME lesions. The highest positive predictive value (PPV) for malignancy occurred in segmental (96.8%), linear (95.1%), clustered ring (100%), and clumped (92.0%) enhancement. Asymmetry demonstrated a high positive predictive value of 85.9%. The frequency of malignancy was higher for NME lesions located in the same quadrant with the index cancer (P = 0.006), and benignancy was higher in the contralateral breast (P = 0.015). On multivariate analysis, linear (P = 0.001) and segmental (P = 0.005) distributions were significant predictors of malignancy. Conclusion: The possibility of malignancy is strongly indicated when additional NME lesions show linear or segmental enhancement on preoperative 3T DCE-MRI in patients with recently diagnosed breast cancer.
关键词： Non-Mass Enhancement,Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Preoperative Care,Breast Neoplasms,Diagnosis
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29