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Facile graft copolymer template synthesis of mesoporous polymeric metal-organic frameworks to produce mesoporous TiO2: Promising platforms for photovoltaic and photocatalytic applications
摘要： Mesoporous polymeric metal-organic frameworks (mesoporous polymeric MOFs) are prepared on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate using hydrophilic terephthalic acid as the ligands, titanium isopropoxide as polymeric MOF precursors, and amphiphilic graft copolymers (i.e., poly(vinyl chloride)-graft-poly(oxyethylene methacrylate) (PVC-g-POEM) as structure-directing agents. The hydrophilic POEM chains in amphiphilic graft copolymers interact with the hydrophilic ligands and polymeric MOF precursors. Following thermal treatment at 500 °C, mesoporous polymeric MOFs are transformed to mesoporous TiO2 with high specific surface area and crystallinity, suitable for photovoltaic and photocatalytic applications. Solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (ssDSSCs) and dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) fabricated with mesoporous TiO2 photoanodes have efficiencies of 7.45 and 8.43 % at 100 mW/cm2, which is much higher than that of ssDSSCs and DSSCs with photoanodes of conventional TiO2 (5.36 and 7.14 %), respectively. The enhanced efficiency is attributed to good interconnectivity, larger surface area, and high porosity of the mesoporous TiO2, which results in suppressed interfacial charge recombination loss, enhanced electron transport, increased dye loading, and facilitated penetration of the electrolytes. Mesoporous TiO2 shows excellent activity as a photocatalyst for the degradation of humic acid under UV light irradiation.
关键词： Photocatalyst,Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC),Metal-organic framework (MOF),Graft copolymer,Titanium dioxide (TiO2),Polymerized ionic liquid,Mesoporous
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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A transparent and Pt-free all-carbon nanocomposite counter electrode catalyst for efficient dye sensitized solar cells
摘要： Recently, substantial focus has made in the development of cost effective Pt-free dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In this article we report a potential, Pt-free, carbon based nanocomposite as counter electrode catalyst for dye sensitized solar cells. Graphene oxide (GO) was made into reduced graphene oxide (SSrGO) by irradiating with light (Xe source). Suspension of SSrGO in DMF was spray coated onto fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) coated glass substrate, followed by spray coat of single walled carbon nanohorns (SWCNH) suspension in DMF. SSrGO and SWCNH coated FTO glass substrate was investigated as an effective Pt-free composite counter electrode (CE) for DSSC and also showed the comparable catalytic activity with Pt. The test cell reveals power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.27%, whereas the DSSC module exhibited a PCE of 5.18%. By using the fabricated DSSC module, an electric motor (15 mW) was operated both in indoor and outdoor light conditions. The procedures followed in this work pave a way for the easy fabrication of composite CE towards transparent DSSC modules and further the integration of the DSSC module with the standard Si solar cell is of great potential for various real-time application.
关键词： Reduced graphene oxide,Dye sensitized solar cell,Cost effective composite counter electrode,SWCNH,Transparent DSSC module
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Effect of reduced graphene oxide addition on the performance of zinc oxide nanorod based dye-sensitized solar cell
摘要： As one of third generation photovoltaic device, dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) plays important part in search for new and renewable energy resources. As part of this device, dye has a very critical function due to its responsibility in absorbing the photon energy from the sunlight. The more light can be absorbed, the higher the value of photon to electricity conversion efficiency can be obtained. For increasing the absorption capacity of the dye, this work investigated the effect of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) addition into the dye solution with rGO to dye weight % ratio of 1:100; 3:100; and 5:100 respectively. On the basis of investigation, it was found that the ratio of 3:100 produced a higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of about 0,02% as compared to the reference cells which displayed a value of 0,005%. It confirms that introducing rGO into the dye can enhance the DSSC performance, though several fabrication handling procedures still need to be improved as well.
关键词： dye-sensitized solar cell,power conversion efficiency,reduced graphene oxide,zinc oxide nanorod
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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A Study on the Performance of Dye Sensitized Solar Cells Using Extract from Wrightia tinctoria R.Br. as Photosensitizers
摘要： In this study, eco-friendly natural dye sensitizers were extracted from the dried leaves of Wrightia tinctoria R.Br. (commonly known as ‘‘Pala indigo’’ or ‘‘Dyer’s oleander’’) by cold methanolic and soxhlet extraction and used in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC). The acidi?cation of the extracted pigments was carried out using 0.1 N HCl. The absorption characteristics were studied by UV–visible spectroscopy, and the functional groups were identi?ed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. DSSCs constructed using these sensitizers were evaluated in terms of current density–voltage characteristics and electrochemical response. The DSSC fabricated with natural dye extracted by cold methanol exhibited maximum power conversion ef?ciency of 0.19%. The ef?ciency of the acidi?ed cold methanolic extract-based DSSC was 0.06%.
关键词： J–V characteristics,Dye sensitized solar cell,chlorophyll,indirubin,Wrightia tinctoria
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Schiff Base Ancillary Ligands in Bis(diimine) Copper(I) Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
摘要： Five 6,6’‐dimethyl‐2,2’‐bipyridine ligands bearing N‐arylmethaniminyl substituents in the 4‐ and 4’‐positions were prepared by Schiff base condensation in which the aryl group is Ph (1), 4‐tolyl (2), 4‐tBuC6H4 (3), 4‐MeOC6H4 (4), and 4‐Me2NC6H4 (5). The homoleptic copper(I) complexes [CuL2][PF6] (L = 1–5) were synthesized and characterized, and the single crystal structure of [Cu(1)2][PF6].Et2O was determined. By using the “surfaces‐as‐ligands, surfaces‐as‐complexes” (SALSAC) approach, the heteroleptic complexes [Cu(6)(Lancillary)]+ in which 6 is the anchoring ligand ((6,6’‐dimethyl‐[2,2’‐bipyridine]‐4,4’‐diyl)bis(4,1‐phenylene))bis(phosphonic acid)) and Lancillary = 1–5 were assembled on FTO‐TiO2 electrodes and incorporated as dyes into n‐type dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSCs). Data from triplicate, fully‐masked DSCs for each dye revealed that the best‐performing sensitizer is [Cu(6)(1)]+, which exhibits photoconversion efficiencies (η) of up to 1.51% compared to 5.74% for the standard reference dye N719. The introduction of the electron‐donating MeO and Me2N groups (Lancillary = 4 and 5) is detrimental, leading to a decrease in the short‐circuit current densities and external quantum efficiencies of the solar cells. In addition, a significant loss in open‐circuit voltage is observed for DSCs sensitized with [Cu(6)(5)]+, which contributes to low values of η for this dye. Comparisons between performances of DSCs containing [Cu(6)(1)]+ and [Cu(6)(4)]+ with those sensitized by analogous dyes lacking the imine bond indicate that the latter prevents efficient electron transfer across the dye.
关键词： Schiff base,phosphonic acid,crystal structure,dye‐sensitized solar cell,copper
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Hierarchical Ni-MoSex@CoSe2 core-shell nanosphere as highly active bifunctional catalyst for efficient dye-sensitized solar cell and alkaline hydrogen evolution
摘要： Core-shell structured nanocomposites based on transition metal selenides have a broad development prospect as Pt-free electrocatalyst in energy conversion due to large surface area, rich edge sites, as well as synergistic interactions between the core and shell. Herein, the preparation of core-shell structured transition metal selenides nanospheres was achieved through a facile wrapping process using zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-67) as the cobalt source, which assembled on glycerol precursor nanospheres. After a selenization treatment, this formed core-shell structure had a Ni-MoSex inner core, supporting the CoSe2 outer shell (denoted as Ni-MoSex@CoSe2 CSNs). And the resultant Ni-MoSex@CoSe2 CSNs not only had a large number of active sites, but also was good for adsorbing/transferring iodine and hydrogen ions. Therefore, Ni-MoSex@CoSe2 delivered superior performance in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and alkaline hydrogen evolution reactions (HERs). DSSCs based on Ni-MoSex@CoSe2 CSNs performed an outstanding power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.58% which was much higher than that of Pt (8.32%). A lower onset potential of 37.5 mV and a smaller Tafel slope of 68.9 mV dec?1 were achieved by Ni-MoSex@CoSe2 as electrocatalysts for HER in 1.0 M KOH. This work affords a new idea for the design of cut-price core-shell nanomaterials with high efficiency and can be extended to the synthesis of other electrocatalysts substituting Pt-based catalysts.
关键词： Hydrogen evolution,Core-shell nanosphere,Bifunctional catalyst,Dye-sensitized solar cell,Ni-MoSex@CoSe2,Transition metal selenide
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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A novel cheap, one-step and facile synthesis of hierarchical TiO2 nanotubes as fast electron transport channels for highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells
摘要： The well-aligned hierarchical TiO2 nanotubes (HTNTs) have been synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method employing potassium titanium oxalate, ethanol and H2O, which are strongly adhered onto transparent conducting oxide glass. The preparation is straightforward, cheap and applicative for mass manufacture. The thickness of membranes is changed from 12 to 22 lm by adjusting the reaction time. The HTNTs consist of one-dimensional (1D) long TiO2 nanotube trunks and numerous short TiO2 nanorod branches, which can balance surface area and charge transport. By employing optimized HTNTs for dye-sensitized solar cells, a remarkable power conversion ef?ciency of 9.89% is obtained. The result is superior to P25 (8.34%), because 1D trunk-1D branch structure of HTNTs offers the advantages of strong light-harvesting, directed electron transport, and ef?cient charge collection. The HTNTs may ?nd an underlying application in the manufacture of photovoltaic devices.
关键词： Dye-sensitized solar cell,Titania,Hierarchical structure,Charge transport,Nanotube
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Cation Effects in p-Type Dye Sensitized Solar Cells
摘要： The performance of dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) depends on the properties and interactions of three fundamental components: the semiconductor, chromophore, and electrolyte. For the electrolyte, the dependence of DSSC performance on the identity and valence state of the spectator cation has not been well studied in p-type semiconductor systems, although the effects of these species in n-type TiO2 devices are significant, producing large shifts in semiconductor flat band potential, charge transfer kinetics, photocurrent, and open-circuit voltage (VOC). Here, we vary the spectator cation in p-type NiO DSSCs and demonstrate an increase in VOC by over 50% with two common redox couples. Using optimal cations, high VOC values are achieved without a significant reduction in photocurrent. Mott-Schottky analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy reveal that the cation can shift the flat-band potential of NiO by nearly 1 V and substantially alter the lifetime of charge carriers and charge transfer resistance at the semiconductor-electrolyte interface. Differences between the anionic and cationic redox couples employed suggest favorable and unfavorable interactions, respectively, with divalent cations at the NiO surface, causing increases and decreases in charge carrier recombination rate constants. Our results highlight the complex interaction between the semiconductor and electrolyte solution and indicate that varying the cation should yield immediate improvements in device metrics for most p-type DSSC systems.
关键词： electrolyte,p-type semiconductor,Cation effects,nickel oxide,metal oxide,dye-sensitized solar cell
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Light scattering effect of polyvinyl-alcohol/titanium dioxide nanofibers in the dye-sensitized solar cell
摘要： In the present work, polyvinyl-alcohol/titanium dioxide (PVA/TiO2) nanofibers are utilized as a light scattering layer (LSL) on top of the TiO2 nanoparticles photoanode. The TiO2 nanoparticles decorated PVA/TiO2 nanofibers display a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.06%, which is 33% higher than tio2 nanoparticles without LSL, demonstrating the incorporation of PVA/TiO2 nanofibers as LSL reduces the radiation loss and increases the excitation of the electron that leads to high PCE. The incorporation of PVA/TiO2 nanofibers as LSL also increases the electron life time and charge collection efficiency in comparison to the TiO2 nanoparticles without LSL.
关键词： power conversion efficiency,dye-sensitized solar cell,PVA/TiO2 nanofibers,light scattering layer,electron life time
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Phenothiazine dyes containing a 4-phenyl-2-(thiophen-2-yl) thiazole bridge for dye-sensitized solar cells
摘要： Two novel phenothiazine dyes bearing a single or double cyanoacrylic acid acceptors, which share the same electron donor phenothiazine and the same 4-phenyl-2-(thiophen-2-yl)thiazole p-bridge, were synthesized. Thus, phenothiazine dyes with D-p-A and A-D-p-A framework were con?gured, and their photophysical properties and photovoltaic performance were investigated. The incorporation of another cyanoacrylic acid acceptor was found to bene?t the loading amount on TiO2, the light-harvesting ability, and the electron-injection ef?ciency. Dye with double cyanoacrylic acid acceptors showed a double short-circuit current compared with dye with a single acceptor. Therefore, dye with double cyanoacrylic acid acceptors achieved improved photoelectric conversion ef?ciency 4.35% (JSC ? 10.29 mA cm?2, VOC ? 0.65 V, FF ? 0.65) under standard global AM 1.5 G solar condition with dye N719 (7.19%) as a reference.
关键词： Phenothiazine,Photovoltaic performance,4-Phenyl-2-(thiophen-2-yl)thiazole,Double acceptors,Dye-sensitized solar cell
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59