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[American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 2019 Boston, Massachusetts July 7- July 10, 2019 - ()] 2019 Boston, Massachusetts July 7- July 10, 2019 - <i>Calibrating UAV-Based Thermal Remote-Sensing Images of Crops with Temperature Controlled References</i>
摘要： Animal studies have indicated that persistent organic pollutants (POPs) affect thyroid hormone homeostasis, while epidemiological studies involving human have not shown consistent results. In this study, we investigated the associations between POP exposure and thyroid function among adult population of East China. One hundred eighty-six participants diagnosed with thyroid disease and 186 participants without thyroid disease from Shandong, China were enrolled in the case-control study during 2016 to 2017. We found that POP exposure was significantly and positively associated with the risk of thyroid disease. The association of thyroid disease with a sum of 17 POPs followed a nonmonotonic dose response, with an adjusted odds ratio of 2.09 (95% confidence intervals: 1.13?3.87, p = 0.019) for the second quartile. Among 186 participants in the control group, concentrations of POPs showed negative associations with triiodothyronine (T3), free T3 (FT3), thyroxine (T4), and free T4 (FT4) in males and positive associations with T4 and FT4 in females. Taken together, these findings suggest that POP exposure can disrupt thyroid hormone homeostasis and increase the risk of thyroid disease.
关键词： case-control study,East China,thyroid function,persistent organic pollutants,thyroid disease
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, and HCHO over the East China Sea, using ship-based MAX-DOAS observations and comparison with OMI and OMPS satellite data
摘要： In this study, ship-based multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) measurements were performed in the East China Sea (ECS) area in June 2017. The tropospheric slant column densities (SCDs) of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and formaldehyde (HCHO) were retrieved from the measured spectra using the differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) technique. Using the simple geometric approach, the SCDs of different trace gases observed at a 15? elevation angle were adopted to convert into tropospheric vertical column densities (VCDs). During this campaign, the averaged VCDs of NO2, SO2, and HCHO in the marine environment over the ECS area are 6.50 × 1015, 4.28 × 1015, and 7.39 × 1015 molec cm?2, respectively. In addition, the ship-based MAX-DOAS trace gas VCDs were compared with satellite observations of the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS). The daily OMI NO2 VCDs agreed well with ship-based MAX-DOAS measurements showing the correlation coefficient R of 0.83. In addition, the good agreements of SO2 and HCHO VCDs between the OMPS satellite and ship-based MAX-DOAS observations were also found, with correlation coefficients R of 0.76 and 0.69. The vertical profiles of these trace gases are achieved from the measured differential slant column densities (DSCDs) at different elevation angles using the optimal estimation method. The retrieved profiles displayed the typical vertical distribution characteristics, which exhibit low concentrations of < 3, < 3, and < 2 ppbv for NO2, SO2, and HCHO in a clean area of the marine boundary layer far from coast of the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) continental region. Interestingly, elevated SO2 concentrations can be observed intermittently along the ship routes, which is mainly attributed to the vicinal ship emissions in the view of the MAX-DOAS measurements. Combined with the onboard ozone lidar measurements, the ozone (O3) formation was discussed with the vertical profile of the HCHO/NO2 ratio, which is sensitive to increases in NO2 concentration. This study provided further understanding of the main air pollutants in the marine boundary layer of the ECS area and also benefited the formulation of policies regulating the shipping emissions in such costal areas like the YRD region.
关键词： OMPS,SO2,East China Sea,MAX-DOAS,HCHO,OMI,NO2
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Seasonal aerosol variations over a coastal city, Zhoushan, China from CALIPSO observations
摘要： This paper presents the observed seasonal aerosol variations over Zhoushan, an eastern coastal Chinese city. Data were obtained from the Cloud – Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) satellite from the period of June 2007 to May 2017. We compared the columnar Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) data from the CALIPSO and MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). Results showed good consistency, but the former was systematically lower than the latter. The temporal distribution of columnar AOD showed significant variations with the highest in spring and lowest in summer. Similarly, the seasonal scatter plots suggested that the highest correlation coefficient was 0.56 in winter and summer, followed by the autumn (0.53), and spring (0.40) seasons. In addition, the results revealed that the polluted dust and polluted continental aerosols (38.9% and 30.5%, respectively) were dominant aerosol subtypes observed in winter, whereas, the polluted dust (47.2%) aerosol subtype was found dominant in spring. The polluted continental aerosol subtype appeared dominant during the summer and autumn seasons, with the frequencies of about 56.0% and 47.4%, respectively. These findings can be reasonably explained using the air mass cluster analysis computed for the obtained backward trajectories derived from the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model. Furthermore, the aerosol vertical extinction coefficient measured at the wavelength of 532 nm was found to be highest near the surface (~0.2 km-1) in winter and autumn and decreased sharply as the altitude increased indicating that aerosols were present at an altitude <2 km. However, during spring, the values of extinction coefficient remained >0.15 km-1 at an altitude range of 0–3.5 km due to convection and strong vertical mixing lifting aerosols to slightly higher levels. Furthermore, during the spring, approximately 54% of the particulate depolarization ratio (PDR) values were ≤ 0.2, and the remaining 46% of the PDR were > 0.2, suggesting both spherical and irregular particles were present in the atmosphere.
关键词： MODIS,Aerosol Optical Depth,CALIPSO,Extinction Coefficient,East China,Aerosol subtype
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, and HCHO over the East China Sea, using ship-based MAX-DOAS observations and comparison with OMI and OMPS satellites data
摘要： In this study, ship-based Multi-Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) measurements were performed in the Eastern China Sea (ECS) area in June 2017. The tropospheric Slant Column Densities (SCDs) of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and formaldehyde (HCHO) were retrieved from the measured spectra by the Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) technique. Using the simple geometric approach, the SCDs of different trace gases observed at 15° elevation angle were adopted to convert into tropospheric Vertical Columns Densities (VCDs). During this campaign, the averaged VCDs of NO2, SO2, and HCHO in the marine environment over ECS area are 6.50 × 1015 molec cm-2, 4.28 × 1015 molec cm-2 and 7.39 × 1015 molec cm-2, respectively. In addition, the ship-based MAX-DOAS trace gases VCDs were compared with satellite observations of Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and Ozone Mapping and Pro?ler Suite (OMPS). The daily OMI NO2 VCDs agree well with ship-based MAX-DOAS measurements showing the correlation coefficient R of 0.83. Besides, the good agreements of SO2 and HCHO VCDs between the OMPS satellite and ship-based MAX-DOAS observations were also found with correlation coefficient R of 0.76 and 0.69. The vertical profiles of these trace gases are achieved from the measured Differential Slant Column Densities (DSCDs) at different elevation angles using optimal estimation method. The retrieved profiles displayed the typical vertical distribution characteristics, which exhibits the low concentrations of < 3, < 3, and < 2 ppbv for NO2, SO2, and HCHO in clean area of the marine boundary layer far from coast of the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) continental region. Interestingly, elevated SO2 concentrations can be observed intermittently along the ship routes, which is mainly attributed to the vicinal ship emissions in the view of the MAX-DOAS measurements. Combined with the on-board ozone lidar measurements, the ozone (O3) formation was discussed with the vertical profile of HCHO/NO2 ratio, which is sensitive to the increases of NO2 concentration. This study provided further understanding of the main air pollutants in the marine boundary layer of the ECS area and also benefited to formulate the policies regulating the shipping emissions in such costal area like YRD region.
关键词： NO2,SO2,OMI,MAX-DOAS,OMPS,ship-based observations,HCHO,East China Sea
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14