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Silicon nanocrystal hybrid photovoltaic devices for indoor light energy harvesting
摘要： Silicon nanocrystals (SiNCs) featuring size-dependent novel optical and electrical properties have been widely employed for various functional devices. We have demonstrated SiNC-based hybrid photovoltaics (SiNC-HPVs) and proposed several approaches for performance promotion. Recently, owing to the superiorities such as low power operation, high portability, and designability, organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have been extensively studied for their potential indoor applications as power sources. SiNCs exhibit strong light absorption below 450 nm, which is capable of sufficient photocurrent generation under UV irradiation. Therefore, SiNC-HPVs are expected to be preferably used for energy harvesting systems in indoor applications because an indoor light source consists of a shorter wavelength component below 500 nm than solar light. We successfully demonstrated SiNC-HPVs with a PCE as high as 9.7%, corresponding to the output power density of 34.0 mW cm?2 under standard indoor light irradiation (1000 lx). In addition, we have found that SiNC defects working as electron traps influence the electrical properties of SiNCs substantially, a thermal annealing process was conducted towards the suppression of defects and the improvement of the SiNC-HPVs performance.
关键词： Silicon nanocrystals,Power conversion efficiency,Indoor light energy harvesting,Thermal annealing,Hybrid photovoltaics
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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A Dopanta??Free Hole Transporting Layer for Efficient and Stable Planar Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites are attractive materials for the fabrication of efficient thin film solar cells. In order to make perovskite solar cells (PSCs) suitable for commercialization, stability issue should be addressed properly. In this work, we introduce a new dopant-free organic material, PV2000, as a stable hole transporting layer (HTL) for the fabrication of stable and efficient PSCs. For this purpose, we fabricate planar PSCs using a triple-A cation perovskite composition and replace commonly used 2,2′,7,7′ -Tetrakis[N,N-di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9′-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD) HTL by dopant-free PV2000 polymer. Our characterization results disclose that the PV2000 has a great thermal stability, good hole mobility and suitable band alignment that well-matched with the valence band of triple-A cation perovskite. After proper optimization of PV2000 film thickness, we achieve a planar PSC with a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.93%, which is comparable with the spiro-based device (19.62%). Moreover, we further improve the PCE of the PV2000 based device up to 20.5% using a band alignment engineering by deposition thin layer of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) at perovskite/HTL interface. More importantly, we find that the thermal, moisture and operational stabilities of the PSCs with PV2000 HTL are improved drastically as compared to the spiro-based devices, where the PSC with PV2000 retains ~88% of its initial PCE value under continuous illumination for 250 h as compared to the spiro-based one (39%).
关键词： efficiency,PV2000,stability,Perovskite solar cell,Hole transporting layer
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Coupling a silicon-on-insulator waveguide to a metala??dielectrica??metal plasmonic waveguide through a vertical and lateral taper-funnel structure
摘要： Designing efficient and compact couplers is crucial in hybrid integration of plasmonic components with conventional silicon-on-insulator components. Taper-funnel structures are conventionally used to couple light from a silicon strip waveguide to a metal–dielectric–metal plasmonic waveguide. In this paper, we investigate the effect of different parameters of the metallic funnel and the vertically and laterally tapered silicon waveguide on the performance of the designed coupler. Numerical simulations indicate that the tuned coupler has an average coupling efficiency of 87% in the C-band. The designed 1.18-μm-long coupler has a shorter length compared to the previous designs, while its theoretical coupling efficiency is higher than 85% in the entire O, E, S, C, L, and U bands of optical communication.
关键词： silicon-on-insulator,plasmonic waveguide,taper-funnel structure,coupling efficiency
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Improving the performance of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin film solar cell by engineering the ITO film thickness
摘要： In this work, the effects of tin doped indium oxide (ITO) thin films with different thicknesses (50 nm–476 nm) on the optoelectronic performance were investigated. Meanwhile, the sputtered ITO layers were annealed at 180°C for 60min under air atmosphere. The result indicated that the electro-optical properties of ITO films with the thickness (383 nm) were optimum, and the corresponding resistivity and average reflectance in the spectrum range (350–860 nm) were 4.73 × 10?4 Ω cm and lower than 20%, respectively. Finally, impacts of ITO layers with various thicknesses on the performance of CZTS solar cells were also studied. The open circuit voltage (Voc), short circuit current density (Jsc), fill factor (FF) and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of CZTS solar cells had been increased significantly from 576 mV to 636 mV, from 15.8 mA/cm2 to 20.2 mA/cm2, from 31.2% to 43.4% and from 3.04% to 5.56%, respectively, and eventually the highest PCE of CZTS solar cell based on 383 nm ITO window layer thickness was 5.56%.
关键词： Power conversion efficiency,ITO films,Reflectance,Optoelectronic performance
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Structure-Property Correlation Study for Organic Photovoltaic Polymer Materials Using Data Science Approach
摘要： A study workflow that utilizes several data science methods to apply on polymer materials databases is introduced to reveal correlations among their properties, structural information, or molecular descriptors. The data science methods used in this pipeline include unsupervised machine learning (ML) method self-organizing mapping (SOM) and polymer molecular descriptor generator, both of which have been tailored to fit the polymer materials study. To demonstrate how this pipeline can be applied in this context, we used it on an organic photovoltaic (OPV) donor polymer database to investigate which properties or structural factors positively correlate with the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of OPV materials. This led us to discover that among the studied 8 properties and 11 molecular descriptors, only the photon energy loss (Eloss) and the number of fluorine atoms (nF) show strong positive correlations with PCE values, which is consistent with other verified studies. We also discovered that research trends can also be statistically visualized using our method. In our case study, we found that most of the studied OPV donor materials in the database have branched side chains and typically 7 to 12 non-Hydrogen atoms, and high PCE materials usually have 6 to 9 aromatics rings as well. These results proved that the data science pipeline proposed in this study provides a fast and effective way to obtain research insights for polymer materials.
关键词： self-organizing mapping,data science,molecular descriptors,polymer materials,organic photovoltaic,power conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Carbazole Green and Blue-BODIPY Dyads and Triads as Donors for Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells
摘要： Two BODIPY derivatives with one (B2) and two (B3) carbazole moieties were designed, synthesized and applied as electron-donor materials in organic photovoltaic cells (OPV). The optical and electrochemical properties were systematically investigated. These BODIPY dyes exhibit excellent solubility in organic solvents and present high molar extinction coefficients (1.37–1.48 x 105 M-1 cm-1) in solutions with absorption maxima at 586 nm for mono-styryl group and at 672 nm for di-styryl groups. The introduction of the styryl moieties result in a large bathochromic shift and a significant decrease in the HOMO-LUMO energy-gaps. The BODIPY dyes show relatively low HOMO energies ranging from -4.99 to -5.16 eV as determined from cyclic voltammetry measurements. Cyclic voltammetry measurements and theoretical calculations demonstrate that the frontier molecular orbital levels of these compounds match with PC71BM as the acceptors, supporting their application as donor materials in solution-processed small molecule bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells. After the optimization of the active layer, B2:PC71BM and B3:PC71BM based organic solar cells showed the overall power conversion efficiency of 6.41% and 7.47%, respectively. The higher PCE of B3 based OSC is ascribed to the more balanced charge transport and exciton dissociation, better crystalline and molecular packing.
关键词： bulk heterojunction,Green and blue-BODIPY,electrochemistry,power conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Readily Accessible Benzo[d]thiazole Polymers for Nonfullerene Solar Cells with >16% Efficiency and Potential Pitfalls
摘要： Here we report facile, high-yield synthetic access to the difluoro BTA building block, 4,7-bis(5-bromo-4-(2-hexyl-decyl)-thiophen-2-yl)-5,6-difluoro-2-(pentadecan-7-yl)-benzo[d]thiazole (BTAT-2f) for use in Donor (D)-Acceptor 1(A1)-D-Acceptor 2(A2) polymers [D = bithiophene, A1 = BTA-2f, A2 = benzothiadiazole (BT) derivative] for organic solar cells (OSCs). Fine tuning of polymer optical and electronic properties is achieved by incrementally varying the A2 fluorination level. Bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) PBTATBT-4f:Y6 solar cells deliver a noteworthy power conversion (PCE) efficiency of 16.08 % (Voc =0.81 V, Jsc =27.25 mAcm-2, FF =72.70 %) without processing additives. In contrast, PBTATBT-2f:Y6 exhibits an irregular morphology and low PCE, ascribable to co-crystal formation-induced recombination, which is unprecedented for non-fullerene (NFA) OSCs. This result should be of guiding significance for future NFA design.
关键词： Benzo[d]thiazole Polymers,Power Conversion Efficiency,Organic Solar Cells,Co-crystal Formation,Nonfullerene Solar Cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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A Review: Crystal Growth for High-Performance All-inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Recently, halide perovskites have become one of the most promising materials for solar cells owing to their outstanding photoelectric performance. Among them, metal halide all-inorganic perovskites (CsPbX3; where X denotes a halogen) show superior thermal and light stability. In particular, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (pero-SCs) based on a CsPbX3 active layer has shown a steady increase from 2.7% to 19.03% with the improvement of the CsPbX3 crystal quality. In this review, we summarize methodologies that have been employed for controlling the growth of all-inorganic perovskite films so far, including precursor solution deposition, substrate modification, composition doping, and surface engineering. Furthermore, we discuss the effect of perovskite crystal characteristics on defects and perovskite film morphology, both of which are closely related to device performance. Finally, conclusions and perspectives are presented along with useful guidelines for developing all-inorganic pero-SCs with high PCE and robust stability.
关键词： light stability,halide perovskites,precursor solution deposition,all-inorganic perovskites,surface engineering,substrate modification,thermal stability,power conversion efficiency,CsPbX3,composition doping,solar cells,crystal growth
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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A Novel Wide-Bandgap Small Molecule Donor for High Efficiency All-Small-Molecule Organic Solar Cells with Small Non-Radiative Energy Losses
摘要： All-small-molecule organic solar cells (SM-OSCs) have attracted considerable attention owing to the merits of small molecules, such as easy purification, well-defined chemical structure and less batch-to-batch variation. To achieve high-performance SM-OSCs, the rational design of well-matched donor and acceptor materials to reduce energy losses is extremely essential. In this work, we developed a novel wide-bandgap small molecule donor, namely BTTzR, by firstly introducing the thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazole (TTz) unit as the building block. The optimized SM-OSCs based on BTTzR and Y6 exhibited an outstanding power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.9%. More importantly, the devices demonstrated very small non-radiative energy losses of 0.18 eV, which are similar to that of inorganic counterparts. This work indicates that BTTzR is a promising small molecule donor material for high-performance SM-OSCs application and provides a new sight of material design to reduce the non-radiative energy losses in the OSCs.
关键词： small molecule donor,organic solar cells,energy losses,wide-bandgap,high efficiency
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Highly Stable Red Quantum Dot Light Emitting Diodes with Long T <sub/>95</sub> Operation Lifetime
摘要： Quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) with excellent performances such as external quantum efficiency (EQE) and lifetime have almost met the requirement of low brightness display. However, the short operation lifetime under high brightness limits the application of QLEDs in outdoor displays and lightings. Herein, we report a highly efficient, stable red QLED by using of lithium and magnesium co-doped as well as magnesium oxide shell-coated zinc oxide nanoparticle layer as electron transport layer (ETL). The optimized QLED has a high peak EQE of 20.6%, a low efficiency roll-off at high current, and a remarkably long lifetime T95 > 11000 h at 1000 cd m-2, which indicates the realization of the most stable red QLED up to now. The improvement in the long-term stability of the QLED is attributed to the use of co-doped and shell-coated zinc oxide ETL with reduced electron injection to improve the charge balance in device.
关键词： EQE,QLEDs,electron transport layer,ETL,magnesium oxide shell-coated zinc oxide,Quantum dot light-emitting diodes,external quantum efficiency,lithium and magnesium co-doped,ZLMO@MO,lifetime
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01