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[ACM Press the 24th Annual International Conference - New Delhi, India (2018.10.29-2018.11.02)] Proceedings of the 24th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking - MobiCom '18 - Battery-Free Eye Tracker on Glasses
摘要： This paper presents a battery-free wearable eye tracker that tracks both the 2D position and diameter of a pupil based on its light absorption property. With a few near-infrared (NIR) lights and photodiodes around the eye, NIR lights sequentially illuminate the eye from various directions while photodiodes sense spatial patterns of reflected light, which are used to infer pupil’s position and diameter on the fly via a lightweight inference algorithm. The system also exploits characteristics of different eye movement stages and adjusts its sensing and computation accordingly for further energy savings. A prototype is built with off-the-shelf hardware components and integrated into a regular pair of glasses. Experiments with 22 participants show that the system achieves 0.8-mm mean error in tracking pupil position (2.3 mm at the 95th percentile) and 0.3-mm mean error in tracking pupil diameter (0.9 mm at the 95th percentile) at 120-Hz output frame rate, consuming 395μW mean power supplied by two small, thin solar cells on glasses side arms.
关键词： photodiodes,near-infrared,pupil tracking,energy savings,wearable,battery-free,eye tracker
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Medicine in ophthalmology
摘要： Ophthalmology is often a branch of medicine that is viewed as minor in relation to other specialities. However, there are numerous ophthalmic manifestations of neurological, rheumatological and general medical conditions. Some of these are considered emergencies (see pages xx of this chapter), but often signs are found within the eye that lead to systemic diagnoses requiring further intervention.
关键词： papilloedema,optic neuropathy,Diabetic retinopathy,thyroid eye disease,uveitis,MRCP
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Dynamic Change of Optical Quality in Patients With Dry Eye Disease
摘要： PURPOSE. To evaluate the dynamic changes of optical quality in patients with dry eye disease (DED) by using a double-pass system. METHODS. Fifty-six patients with DED and 35 control subjects were included in this study. Each patient underwent an evaluation of the ocular surface, using the Ocular Surface Disease Index, tear ?lm breakup time (TBUT), corneal and conjunctival staining (Oxford scale), and Schirmer I test. Using the tear ?lm analysis program of the Optical Quality Analysis System, we recorded the objective scatter index (OSI) every 0.5 seconds within a 20-second period with the subjects asked to blink freely. Several parameters were established to evaluate the dynamic alterations of optical quality and the effects of blinks: OSI standard deviation (SD), DOSI, DOSI/time, blinking change (BC), blinking frequency (BF), and tolerant limitation (TL). RESULTS. Patients with DED had signi?cant alterations of optical quality compared to control subjects. The DOSI, DOSI/time, BC, and BF were signi?cantly higher and TL was signi?cantly lower in DED patients than controls. Furthermore, the DOSI and DOSI/time were also signi?cantly higher in patients with severe DED than patients with mild disease. In univariate analysis, both TBUT and corneal staining were correlated with DOSI, DOSI/time, and BC. In multivariate analysis, DOSI/time was correlated to the corneal staining score. CONCLUSIONS. The double-pass system allowed the monitoring of the dynamic changes of optical quality in patients with DED. Optical quality should be evaluated in patients with DED because these alterations cannot be determined from the classical DED clinical tests.
关键词： scattering,optical quality,double-pass system,dry eye disease
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Peripheral retinal nonperfusion using widefield imaging with von Hippel-Lindau disease
摘要： Background: To describe a case of von Hippel-Lindau disease with peripheral retinal nonperfusion. Case presentation: A 66-year-old female with known cerebellar and midbrain hemangioblastomas was evaluated for a retinal hemangioblastoma in the right eye. She underwent widefield fluorescein angiography, which showed hyperfluorescence localized to the hemangioblastoma surrounded by peripheral retinal nonperfusion in the same quadrant. Conclusions: Further widefield imaging studies are required to determine if peripheral retinal nonperfusion is a common finding in von Hippel-Lindau disease.
关键词： Nonperfusion,Tumor,Fluorescein angiography,Hemangioblastoma,von Hippel-Lindau,Eye
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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[IEEE 2019 E-Health and Bioengineering Conference (EHB) - Iasi, Romania (2019.11.21-2019.11.23)] 2019 E-Health and Bioengineering Conference (EHB) - New assistive technology for communicating with disabled people based on gaze interaction
摘要： Gaze interaction is a computer access method that allows disabled people to control a computer with their eyes. Gaze interaction only requires the movement of the eye itself—the movement of other muscles is not required, making it a perfect solution those with rehabilitative disabilities (paralysis, spinal cord injury, repetitive strain injury, severe carpal tunnel) and/or motor disabilities. The paper describes a simple software application of a new assistive device (Tobii eyeX tracker) and its evaluation for communicating with disabled people based on gaze interaction. The proposed communication method is developed as a part of a more complex integrated system for assistance in communicating with and telemonitoring severe neuromotor disabled patients.
关键词： gaze interaction,disabled people,eye tracking,assistive technology
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Crown-Porphyrin Ligand for Optical Sensors Development
摘要： A novel porphyrin ligand, Zn(II)TPP-BPI-crown (ZnPC), functionalized with two dibenzo-crown-ether moieties was synthesized and tested as cation-sensitive ionophore. Fluorescence studies on ligand sensitivity towards a number of different metal cations (Na+, K+, Li+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Co2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and NH4+) were carried out first in solution and then inside polymeric membrane optodes. Emission light signal was sufficiently brilliant to be captured by a low-cost computer webcam, while a commercial blue-light LED served as monochromic excitation light source. The influence on the ZnPC optode response of the lipophilic sites functionalization was investigated. The visibly (naked eye) observed color change of sensing material from green to red demonstrated the suitability of the ZnPC-based optodes to perform fast monitoring of Cu(II) ions in the concentration range between 6.6 × 10?7 and 2.4 × 10?2 mol/L with a low detection limit (estimated by s/n = 3 method) of 0.3 mg/L, which is lower than WHO guideline value of 2 mg/L.
关键词： chemical optical sensor,novel Zn(II)-porphyrin ligand functionalized with two dibenzo-crown-ether moieties,naked eye detection of Cu(II) ions
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Performance Improvement of Gate-Tunable Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with Electron-Transport and Hole-Blocking Layers
摘要： The current density and luminance of gate-tunable organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) can be modulated by application of an external gate potential. However, existing gate-tunable OLEDs require further optimization to make them suitable for practical use. In this work, the rapid electron conduction of 4,4’-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1’biphenyl (CBP) molecules under low operating potential is demonstrated in polymer electrolyte-coated super yellow (SY) polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs). This behavior is attributed to the facile electrochemical n-doping of CBP by the polymer electrolyte infiltrated into the SY PLED through the porous aluminum cathode. The field-modulated conductivity of CBP upon applying an external gate potential to electrolyte-gated (EG) PLEDs is demonstrated. These phenomena lead to the improved performance of EG SY PLEDs with a CBP electron-transport layer and 1,3,5-tris[(3-pyridyl)-phen-3-yl]benzene) (TmpypB) hole-blocking layer between the porous aluminum cathode and SY emissive layer, including low turn-on voltage (1.5 V), low current density leakage (0.01 mA/cm2), low off luminance (<0.01 cd/m2), saturated on-current density (2 mA/cm2) and on-luminance (100 cd/m2), and largely suppressed hysteresis. These results pave the path for practical application of EG OLEDs in displays, especially near-to-eye displays.
关键词： facile electrochemical doping,saturated on-current density and on-luminance,low off-current density leakage and off-luminance,suppressed hysteresis,near-to-eye displays,gate-tunable organic light-emitting diodes,grayscale displaying,porous electrodes
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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The importance of dark adaptation for forensic examinations; an evaluation of the Crime-lite Eye?
摘要： Forensic practitioners are recommended to dark adapt their eyes prior to conducting evidential searches in the dark. The dark adaptation process remains poorly standardised across the discipline, with little quanti?ed regarding the bene?ts of such preparative steps. Herein, we report the ?ndings of a study that recruited 50 participants to assess the e?ectiveness of the Crime-lite Eye?, a darkness adaptation device developed to assist forensic practitioners both in the laboratory and in ?eld. Participants were tasked with searching for the ?uorescent signatures left by reaction of 1,8-diaza?uoren-9-one (DFO) with amino acids, in a manner akin to the ?uorogenic ?ngerprint treatment of porous evidence. Using an Epson Stylus Photo R265 inkjet printer, ink cartridges were ?lled with alanine solutions of various concentrations, allowing di?erent motifs to be printed onto copy paper and subsequently developed using DFO. Participants searched for this ‘evidence’ both with and without dark adapted vision. On average, participants were able to locate and correctly recognise 16% more evidence once dark adapted using the Crime-lite Eye?. The increase in evidence located by participants once dark adapted suggests that crime scene o?cers should be dark adapting in order to visualise as much as possible. The time taken to dark adapt, 10 min on average during this study, is not excessively long, and should not signi?cantly slow the investigation.
关键词： Fingerprints,Fluorescence,Dark adaptation,Crime scene,Evidence,Crime-lite Eye
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Communications and Computing (ICSPCC) - Dalian, China (2019.9.20-2019.9.22)] 2019 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Communications and Computing (ICSPCC) - Analysis of Received Power in Laser Communication Based on Cat's eye Modulating Retro-reflector
摘要： Laser communication based on cat’s eye modulating retro-reflector can achieve a smaller matching size modulator than the other modulating retro-reflector faster communication modes, communication rate. Considering the attenuation of the laser transmission process angular misalignment of the cat’s eye lens into a line offset, the large field of view cat-eye retro-reflected modulating echo power model is established based on the Collins diffraction formula. The influence of communication distance, incident angle, defocusing amount, laser wavelength and receiving aperture on received power are simulated. The results show that the of decreases with received communication distance, laser incident angle and defocusing amount and increases first and then decreases as the laser wavelength increases; the larger the receiving aperture, the greater the receiving power.
关键词： received power,cat-eye effect,Collins formula,modulating retro-reflector communication
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Dental lasers: principles and practice of safety
摘要： Lasers have great potential to improve treatment and are being increasingly used in dentistry. Patients, practice staff and visitors need to be protected from their potentially harmful effects on the skin and eyes, so dental staff need to understand and apply safety principles.
关键词： risk assessment,safety principles,Dental lasers,protective eyewear,skin and eye protection
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01