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Waveguides written in silver-doped tellurite glasses
摘要： We have studied the optical properties of channel waveguides written using a femtosecond laser in tellurite-zinc glasses doped with metallic silver (%TeO2%ZnO:Ag). Our findings showed that the tellurium dioxide glasses could be significantly affected by the silver presence, even with low silver concentration. By properly choosing the parameters and glassy matrix the written waveguides presented lower optical insertion losses and greater refractive index change.
关键词： Femtosecond laser writing,Silver nanoparticles,Waveguides,Tellurite glass
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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3D polarization-dependent waveguide arrays in LiNbO3 crystal produced by femtosecond laser writing
摘要： Waveguide arrays are basic photonic elements in integrated optics. We propose a 3D hybrid-integrated waveguide array based on the femtosecond laser writing of lithium niobate (LiNbO3) crystals by engineering the layout of laser-induced tracks. The cross section of the structure is a cross-shaped geometry. The light propagation through this waveguide array shows polarization-dependent behaviors, which enables mode-coupling along either the vertical or the horizontal direction under excitation of linearly polarized light. This work opens new way to produce polarization-dependent optical devices in photonic systems by using femtosecond laser writing of LiNbO3.
关键词： Femtosecond laser writing,waveguide arrays,polarization-dependent devices,lithium niobate (LiNbO3)
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Fiber grating sensing interrogation system based on a modulated grating Y-branch tunable laser for core-and-cladding-integrated fiber Bragg grating temperature measurement
摘要： Numerous studies have addressed various methods to interrogate fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs). However, conventional methods are ineffective for multipeak FBG demodulation. A core-and-cladding-integrated fiber Bragg grating (FBG) temperature-interrogation system, based on a modulated grating Y-branch (MG-Y) tunable laser and home-built FBG, is proposed in this study. The sensing system comprises an MG-Y tunable laser interrogation system, a 3-dB optical fiber coupler, a core-and-cladding-integrated FBG, a heating platform, and a personal computer. The core-and-cladding-integrated FBG with two reflection peaks is sampled by the designed MG-Y laser. The FBG has a period of 534 nm and a grating length of 2000 μm. It is fabricated in a single-mode fiber by femtosecond-laser writing through the fiber coating. The interrogator is suitable for temperature measurement via the core-and-cladding-integrated FBG. In tests of the temperature-interrogation system, a temperature change from 30 to 100 ○C generates spectral shifts toward longer wavelengths for both the core and cladding reflection peaks. For the core and cladding, temperature sensing sensitivities of 111 and 113 pm/○C with linearities of 0.993 and 0.99, respectively, during heating and 117 and 120 pm/○C with linearity coefficients of 0.994 and 0.99, respectively, during cooling are achieved.
关键词： fiber Bragg grating,femtosecond-laser writing,modulated grating Y-branch tunable laser,temperature measurement,core-and-cladding-integrated FBG
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Pulse-Propagation Modeling and Experiment for Femtosecond-Laser Writing of Waveguide in Nd:YAG
摘要： In this work, unidirectional pulse propagation equation (UPPE) modeling is performed to study the nonlinear laser-mater interaction in silicon and Nd:Y3Al5O12 (Nd:YAG) crystals. The simulation results are validated with reported experimental results for silicon and applied to Nd:YAG crystals with experimental validation. Stress-induced waveguides are written in Nd:YAG crystals using 515 nm, 300 fs pulses at a 1 kHz repetition rate. Waveguides having a mean propagation loss of 0.21 ± 0.06 dB/cm are obtained, which is lower than the previous reported values for Type-II waveguides written in Nd:YAG crystals. The modeling and experimental results consistently show that the modi?cation (waveguide track) depth increases with input energy. A detailed analysis is presented to control the modal properties of the waveguide in the context of UPPE simulation.
关键词： stress-induced waveguide writing,nonlinear pulse propagation,femtosecond laser writing,Nd:YAG crystal
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Femtosecond Laser Written Depressed-Cladding Waveguide 2 × 2, 1 × 2 and 3 × 3 Directional Couplers in Tm3+:YAG Crystal
摘要： Ion-doped crystal-based compact devices capable of beam splitting and coupling are enthralling for a broad range of classical and quantum integrated photonics applications. In this work, we report on the fabrication of depressed-cladding waveguide 2D 2×2, 1×2 and 3D 3×3 directional couplers in Tm3+:YAG crystal by femtosecond laser writing. The performances of the couplers are characterized at 810 nm, showing single-mode guidance, polarization independence, ?nely matched splitting ratios. These results open up new opportunities in the bene?cial fabrication of 3D circuits and devices in crystals.
关键词： crystal,femtosecond laser writing,directional coupler,depressed-cladding waveguide,integrated photonics,yttrium aluminum garnet,quantum memory
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22