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- 2018
- Flexible display
- fabrication process
- electrowetting
- PEN substrate
- Optoelectronic Information Science and Engineering
- South China Normal University
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Nanopackaging for Component Assembly and Embedded Power in Flexible Electronics: Heterogeneous Component Integration for Flexible Systems
摘要： The trends to high-density, ultrathin, and low-cost electronic systems are currently changing the face of the mobile, security, health-care, and automotive industries. Providing a flexible platform extends the applicability of these next-generation circuits to smart displays, conformal sensors, internet of Things (IoT) tags, remote health-monitoring systems, radar and millimeter (mm)-wave electronics, among others. As a result, the total market for flexible, organic, and printed electronics is projected to grow from close to US$30 billion in 2017 to approximately US$75 billion in 2027. Major applications that drive the field of flexible and printed electronics are illustrated in Figure 1.
关键词： heterogeneous integration,nanopackaging,flexible electronics,embedded power,component assembly
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Electrodeposited MoS2 counter electrode for flexible dye sensitized solar cell module with ionic liquid assisted photoelectrode
摘要： Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) offers great advantages includes low cost materials, economic fabrication, suitable for low-light conversion, flexibility option, color design possibilities, etc. In the present study, a semi-transparent, molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) flexible counter electrode (CE) is realized through electrodeposition method. Low temperature processed TiO2 solution is used for photoelectrode (PE) preparation. Conductive ionic liquid (BVImI + LiI) is used to modify the surface of photoelectrode for alteration of conduction band level of PE, towards enriched electron injection rate into TiO2. Flexible dye-sensitized solar cell (f-DSSC) fabricated by sandwich the photoelectrode and counter electrodes, and an ionic liquid electrolyte is injected. The surface modified photoelectrode (SM-PE) assisted test cell (0.16 cm2 active area) witnessed an enhanced current density value 12.46 mA/cm2 and power conversion efficiency (PCE) 4.84% is higher than the normal PE based f-DSSC (11.56 mA/cm2 and 4.35%). For comparison, platinum-based f-DSSC with SM-PE is fabricated, is attained 6.08% of PCE. The f-DSSC sub-module with MoS2-CE gave 4.21% of PCE, the results are presented.
关键词： Surface modification of PE,Imidazolium iodide,Flexible DSSC,Semi-transparent flexible DSSC module,MoS2 counter electrode
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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DaBlaCa-11: Photodynamic diagnosis in flexible cystoscopy - initial findings in a randomized controlled trial
摘要： Patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) face the risk of having several transurethral resections of the bladder (TURBT) performed because of the high recurrence rate of the disease. Photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) is recommended in primary TURBTs because of a higher detection rate than white light (WL) cystoscopy. In the surveillance program, however, WL flexible cystoscopy is still the standard approach. The aim of this randomized controlled trial is to examine the potential benefits from a PDD guided flexible cystoscopy in the outpatient clinic in patients with previous NMIBC. From February 2016 to September 2017, 605 patients were enrolled from three urological department in Denmark. All patients were scheduled for a routine surveillance cystoscopy following a TURBT because of Ta bladder cancer (low or high grade) 4 months earlier. Patients were randomized 1:1 to either an intervention group where Hexaminolevulinate (Hexvix?Photocure, NO) was instilled in the bladder one hour before the cystoscopy with PDD video cystoscope (PDD 11272 VPI, D-Light C-Light Source; Karl Storz), or a control group where cystoscopy was performed with WL flexible cystoscope. In both patient groups, detection of multiple and large recurrences estimated > 1 cm were scheduled for a TURBT in general anesthesia whereas solitary or small multiple recurrences, as well as suspect mucosa, were biopsied or fulgurated directly in the flexible procedure. A total of 304 patients were allocated to the intervention group (flexible PDD) and 301 to the control group (flexible WL). Approximately half of all patients in both groups were recurrence free (control group, n= 150 and intervention group, n=157). The number of patients undergoing biopsy or fulguration because of suspect mucosa were higher in the intervention group compared to the control group (n=66 vs. n=36, p<0.05). Significantly more patients in the intervention group were treated in the outpatient clinic (n=95) compared to the control group (n=76) (n=95 vs n=76, p <0.05), whereas fewer patients were scheduled for a TURBT in the intervention group (n=52) than in the control group (n=75) (n=52 vs n=75, p<0.05). These initial results indicate that PDD guided flexible cystoscopy can reduce the need of TURBT when biopsy and fulguration of small tumors is possible in the outpatient clinic. Further follow-up data on recurrences in patients in the study will be needed to estimate the clinical impact on this regarding reduction of recurrence risk and repeated procedures.
关键词： randomized controlled trial,flexible cystoscopy,Photodynamic diagnosis,non-muscle invasive bladder cancer
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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A photovoltaic textile design with a stainless steel mesh fabric
摘要： Solar energy is one of the most popular energy sources among the other renewable energies. Photovoltaic technology is a clean way to generate electricity from sunlight. Flexible photovoltaics enable portable electronic devices to power at off-grid conditions. Stainless steel mesh fabric was used as a substrate and electrode allowing the light to reach the photoactive layer. The photoactive layer and hole transport layer were deposited by the means of dip-coating like in the textile industry. The metal back electrode was evaporated in a thermal evaporator under vacuum. Promising results were obtained from photovoltaic measurements. About 0.69% power conversion efficiency was obtained from textile-based solar cells in this study. The textile-based metal fabric enables a flexible photovoltaic structure that can be integrated on non-planar surfaces to generate electricity, and also mesh structure allows the light to reach the photoactive layer.
关键词： solar textiles,conductive fabric,flexible photovoltaics,organic photovoltaics,Wearable electronics
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Nano-to-Microporous Networks via Inkjet Printing of ZnO Nanoparticles/Graphene Hybrid for Ultraviolet Photodetectors
摘要： Inkjet-printed photodetectors have gained enormous attention over the last decade. However, device performance is limited without post-processing, such as annealing and UV exposure. In addition, it is difficult to manipulate the surface morphology of the printed film using an inkjet printer due to the limited options of low viscosity ink solutions. Here, we employ a concept involving the control of the inkjet-printed film morphology via modulation of co-solvent vapor pressure and surface tension for the creation of a high-performance ZnO-based photodetector on a flexible substrate. The solvent boiling point across different co-solvent systems is found to affect the film morphology, which results in not only distinct photo-response time but also photo-detectivity. ZnO-based photodetectors were printed using different solvents which display a fast photo-response in low-boiling point solvents due to the low carbon residue and larger photo-detectivity in high-boiling point solvent systems due to the porous structure. The porous structure is obtained using both gas-liquid surface tension differences and solid-liquid surface differences, and the size of porosity is modulated from nano-size to micro-size depending on the ratio between two solvents or two nanomaterials. Moreover, the conductive nature of graphene enhances the transport behavior of the photocarrier, which enables a high-performance photodetector with high photo-responsivity (7.5*102 AW-1) and fast photo-response (0.18 s) to be achieved without the use of high-boiling point solvents.
关键词： Inkjet print,photodetector,ZnO nanoparticle (NP),flexible devices,microporous
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Folded aperture coupled patch antenna fabricated on FPC with vertically polarised end-fire radiation for fifth-generation millimetre-wave massive MIMO systems
摘要： The authors proposed a folded aperture-coupled patch antenna (ACPA) on a flexible printed circuit (FPC) with vertically polarised end-fire radiation, suitable for fifth-generation millimetre-wave massive multi-input–multi-output (MIMO) systems. For low-cost implementation, antenna elements were fabricated on a single polyimide substrate. The fabricated FPC was first folded to implement a three-layer ACPA, and then the feed line was bent 90° to achieve end-fire radiation. Measurement of five antenna samples demonstrates that the resonance frequency lies between 27.7 and 28.3?GHz. Each antenna sample has the bandwidth (|S11|?<??10?dB) >1.2?GHz. The measured antenna gain is 2.74?dBi at 28.1?GHz, and the difference between co- and cross-polarised radiation intensities is >15?dB in all directions of interest. To improve the impedance bandwidth and the gain further, they increased the distance between the patch and the aperture of the proposed antenna by folding the fabricated FPC multiple times without an additional layer. Experimental results confirm the bandwidth of 2.64?GHz (26.27–28.91?GHz) and the gain of 3.80?dBi at 28?GHz. Additionally, the 1?×?8-folded APCA array is simulated to verify the feasibility for a practical application of multi-beam massive MIMO technology.
关键词： flexible printed circuit,fifth-generation millimetre-wave,massive MIMO systems,folded aperture-coupled patch antenna,vertically polarised end-fire radiation
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Reproducible Dry Stamping Transfer of PEDOT:PSS Transparent Top Electrode for Flexible Semi-transparent Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： A semi-transparent flexible metal halide perovskite (MHP) solar cells were demonstrated by reproducible dry stamping transfer of a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS, PH1000) transparent flexible top-electrode onto a poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/ITO/PEDOT:PSS (AI4083)/MHP/[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). The reproducible transfer of the PEDOT:PSS top electrode was enabled by the modification of PEDOT:PSS with poly(ethylene imine) (PEI)/2-methoxyethanol (2-MEA) solution. In addition, the PEI/2-MEA modification to PEDOT:PSS resulted in the improved conductivity and the reduced work function of top electrode. Therefore, we could fabricate highly efficient flexible semi-transparent MHP solar cells with > 13 % (active area = 1 cm2) of power conversion efficiency.
关键词： stamping transfer,perovskite solar cells,PEDOT:PSS,flexible,polyethyleneimine,semi-transparent
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Fabrication of flexible and bifacial Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cell with superstrate-type structure using a lift-off process
摘要： Flexible and bifacial Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cell with superstrate-type structure utilizing ethylene tetra-fluoroethylene (ETFE) was fabricated by a lift-off process. The advantages of the lift-off process performed under low temperature (below 100 °C) are to allow to deposit the CIGS layer under high temperature and to use ETFE as superstrate. The superstrate-type structure consists of ETFE/epoxy glue/ZnO:Al (AZO)/ZnO/CdS/CIGS/back contact, where the bilayer of ultra-thin 5-nm-thick Au/400-nm-thick AZO was used as the back contact. The optical and electrical properties of the bilayer of ultra-thin Au/400-nm-thick AZO were examined for the suitable back contact. It is determined that the transmittance of the bilayer of the ultra-thin 5-nm-thick Au/AZO is reasonably suitable in view of optical property. The ohmic-like characteristic at the CIGS/ultra-thin 5-nm-thick Au/AZO interface is attained. Consequently, the flexible and bifacial CIGS solar cell is realized by a lift-off process with conversion efficiency values of 6.2% for the frontside illumination and 0.9% for the backside illumination.
关键词： ETFE film,Superstrate-type structure,Flexible and bifacial solar cell,Copper indium gallium selenide,Lift-off process
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Improving the performance of ultra-flexible perovskite photodetectors through cation engineering
摘要： High performance ultra-flexible lightweight perovskite photodetectors hold promising applications on arbitrary substrates include unmanned aerial vehicles. Herein, we report a facile method to improve the performances of perovskite photodetectors on flexible ultrathin (50 μm) polyimide substrates by tuning the composition with different ratios of cations. In the presence of lead thiocyanate, a certain amount of formamidinium introduction could sufficiently enhance the methylammonium lead triiodide perovskite film quality with prolonged carrier lifetime. Perovskite photodetector with response time of ton=89 ms and toff=47 ms is achieved with a very simple device architecture. In addition, our flexible photodetectors maintain good performances after rigorous folding and bending, demonstrating excellent mechanical properties, which can be very useful for a variety of applications.
关键词： compositional engineering,mechanical stability,ultra-flexible detectors,perovskite photodetectors
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Development of a Flexible Tunable and Compact Microstrip Antenna via Laser Assisted Patterning of Copper Film
摘要： Design and rapid prototyping of a tunable and compact industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band microstrip antenna for applications is presented in this paper. Laser machining is introduced as a fast and accurate method for the antenna fabrication. The antenna, with an overall dimension of 65 × 46 × 0.127 mm, was fabricated by sandwiching a flexible Kapton polyimide substrate, with a dielectric constant of 3.5, between two flexible copper tapes, as the radiating patch and ground plane, respectively. The radiating patch was patterned in a meander configuration, with three slots, demonstrating the capability to reduce the resonant frequency of the microstrip antenna from 2.4 GHz to 900 MHz, without increasing the overall size of the antenna (87% compact). The effect of mechanical stress on the antenna performance was investigated by performing bend and stretch tests. The antenna was subjected to compressive bend with a minimum radius of curvature of 86 mm and 150 mm along the x- axis and y- axis which resulted in a maximum increase of resonant frequency by 3.1% and 1.3%, respectively. Similarly, the antenna was subjected to tensile bend with a minimum radius of curvature of 79 mm and 162 mm along the x- axis and y- axis which resulted in a maximum decrease of the resonant frequency by 4.2% and 0.3%, respectively. An overall 0.9% decrease in the resonant frequency was measured for an applied strain of 0.09% during stretching the antenna along the y- axis.
关键词： mechanical stress,flexible Kapton substrate,Compact tunable antenna,microstrip patch antenna,laser machining
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57