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- 2018
- Flexible display
- fabrication process
- electrowetting
- PEN substrate
- Optoelectronic Information Science and Engineering
- South China Normal University
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Research on Image Smoothing Diffusion Model with Gradient and Curvature Features
摘要： In this paper, two image smoothing models are proposed for the visual inspection of high-density flexible IC package substrates with strict requirements on line-width and line distance which are applied to the de-noising of high-density flexible IC package substrate images. First of all, the two models proposed in this paper combines the level set curvature feature of the image with gradient threshold, using more abundant second-order differential information as the detection factor to remove noise in image. Secondly, theoretical analysis shows that the de-noised image obtained by the two models proposed can retain more detailed texture information and edge information of the original image. What is more, the experimental analysis shows that the proposed models have the highest structural similarity and peak signal-to-noise ratio, and have a relatively high edge-preserving index and the lowest mean squared error compared with other models. In particular, the de-noised image through Model 1 has the highest structural similarity and peak signal to noise ratio, as well as the lowest mean squared error. The de-noised image through Model 2 has a relatively high edge retention index. The methods proposed in this paper can effectively remove the noise of the image of the high-density flexible IC package substrate, and can retain the original details and edges information of the image.
关键词： Image de-noising,Flexible integrated circuit substrate image,Gradient,Curvature
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 International Flexible Electronics Technology Conference (IFETC) - Ottawa, ON, Canada (2018.8.7-2018.8.9)] 2018 International Flexible Electronics Technology Conference (IFETC) - Flexible Printed Organic Thin-Film Transistor Devices and Integrated Circuit Applications
摘要： The latest developments in flexible and printed electronics technology based on organic thin-film transistor (OTFT) devices as well as printable electronic materials are briefly reported on in this paper. The successful fabrication and operation of printed OTFT devices and a variety of integrated circuit applications such as flip-flop logic gates and operational amplifiers will be demonstrated.
关键词： Organic electronics,Flexible electronics,Organic thin-film transistor,Printed electronics
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 International Flexible Electronics Technology Conference (IFETC) - Ottawa, ON, Canada (2018.8.7-2018.8.9)] 2018 International Flexible Electronics Technology Conference (IFETC) - Sustainable Materials for Solid Flexible Supercapacitors
摘要： Solid, thin and flexible supercapacitors have been investigated leveraging sustainable and low-cost biomass-based carbon electrodes and a series of solid polymer electrolytes. The performance of these solid flexible devices was systematically compared to commercial activated carbon (AC) and liquid electrolyte baseline. Solid-state devices especially chitosan AC enabled supercapacitors were shown to closely resemble the highly capacitive behavior and high rate performance of their liquid counterparts. This demonstrates that high surface area, intricately porous activated carbon networks can still be readily accessible to polymer electrolytes, which is important to the transition of supercapacitor devices from liquid to solid-state. These materials and systems represent simple, sustainable and cost-effective approaches for next-generation solid thin, flexible energy storage devices.
关键词： polymer electrolytes,supercapacitor,solid-state,thin and flexible
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Real-time Surface Shape Sensing for Soft and Flexible Structures using Fiber Bragg Gratings
摘要： In this paper, we present a new soft and flexible sensor which can reconstruct its surface shape in real-time. A single-core optical fiber with fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) is capable of detecting sparse local strains at high bandwidth using wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM). The fiber was embedded into an elastomeric substrate to reconstruct its global surface morphology. Finite element analysis (FEA) was used to determine the design parameters, and also to validate the unique mapping from sparse strain measurements to the continuum shape of the sensor. To simplify the fabrication and error compensation process without precise/prior knowledge of the FBG locations in the sensor, machine learning-based modelling was applied. This enables real-time, robust and reliable shape reconstruction. It is demonstrated to outperform various applications of electronics-based sensors which require sophisticated electrode wiring and noise reduction. Experiments were performed to evaluate the sensing accuracy and repeatability.
关键词： Soft Sensors and Actuators,Flexible Robots,Surface Shape Sensing,Fiber Bragg Gratings
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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A Novel Flexible Electro-textile 3T MRI RF Coil Array for Carotid Artery Imaging: Design, Characterization and Prototyping
摘要： Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is one of the most powerful imaging modality in clinics and is essential for the diagnosis of strokes through carotid artery imaging. The limiting factor for high quality MR imaging is the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) performance of the Radio Frequency (RF) coils. The current RF surface coils, however, are made of rigid materials or semi-flexible materials with very limited bending properties. As a result, their SNR is limited because they cannot be placed very close to the imaging area thus receiving noises from parts of the human body that are not intended to be imaged. Taking advantage of the computerized embroidery and laser cutting technology, in this work, we utilize electro-textile to design, fabricate and measure multi-layer RF coil array system for 3T MRI to improve the SNR performance. The proposed RF coil array system provides an ergonomic and high performance solution to the 3T MRI systems. A roadmap to systematically design electro-textile RF coil arrays is proposed. RF coil array is characterized to have the accurate resonant frequency, good impedance matching, and low mutual coupling. Additionally, magnetic field distribution, bending effects, human body effects are also discussed. A systematic method to characterize the performance of the electro-textile pattern is studied and used to assist the development and performance characterization. Finally the high resolution and high SNR images of various kinds of phantoms are obtained using the UCLA Antenna Lab electro-textile coil array after its integration with the 3T MRI scanners at UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine Translational Research Imaging Center (TRIC). Compared with the conventional surface coil, more than 10 dB SNR increase is observed at the depth of 0.5 cm and 3 dB increase at the depth of 3 cm.
关键词： coil,SNR,flexible antenna,MRI,embroidered,RF,e-textile
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Universal Testing Apparatus Implementing Various Repetitive Mechanical Deformations to Evaluate the Reliability of Flexible Electronic Devices
摘要： A requirement of flexible electronic devices is that they maintain their electrical performance during and after repetitive mechanical deformation. Accordingly, in this study, a universal test apparatus is developed for in-situ electrical conductivity measurements for flexible electrodes that are capable of applying various mechanical deformations such as bending, twisting, shearing, sliding, stretching, and complex modes consisting of two simultaneous deformations. A novel method of deforming the specimen in an arc to induce uniform bending stress in single and alternating directions is also proposed with a mathematically derived control method. As an example of the arc bending method, the changes in the resistance of the printed radio frequency identification (RFID) tag antennas were measured by applying repetitive inner bending, outer bending, and alternating inner-outer bending. After 5000 cycles, the increases in resistance of the specimens that were subjected to inner or outer bending only were under 30%; however, specimens that were subjected to alternating inner-outer bending showed an increase of 135% in resistance. It is critical that the reliability of flexible electronic devices under various mechanical deformations be determined before they can be commercialized. The proposed testing apparatus can readily provide various deformations that will be useful to inform the design of device shapes and structures to accommodate deformations during use.
关键词： mechanical deformation,printed electronics,reliability,test apparatus,flexible electronics
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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An electrochromic and self-healing multi-functional supercapacitor based on PANI/nw-WO2.7/Au NPs electrode and hydrogel electrolyte
摘要： Supercapacitors with various functions have been attracting continuous interest due to their key role in modern electronics. In addition to flexibility and transparency, researches also focus on the electrochromism of supercapacitors, which can be used to indicate the remaining capacity of the devices. The self-healing supercapacitors can also recover their energy-storage performances automatically after mechanical damage, thus exhibiting excellent reliability and maintenance. Herein, we report a facile strategy to fabricate a flexible supercapacitor with both electrochromic and self-healing properties. In this design, the classical color-changing materials: polyaniline (PANI) and tungsten oxide nanowires (WO2.7 NWs) are used together to enlarge the electrochemical window, and give the electrode material electrochromic properties. And then Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) are sprayed onto the surface to further increase the electrochemical conductivity. Besides, a novel self-healing hydrogel is synthesized to be used as solid electrolyte. Finally, a symmetrical supercapacitor device is assembled, which shows the areal capacitance of 61 mF/cm2 with excellent stability. By this design, we firstly fabricate a supercapacitor with many functionalities, such as, flexibility, transparence, color changing and self-healing properties all together, providing a new integration strategy for satisfying the next-generation electronics.
关键词： areal capacitance,Supercapacitor,self-healing,flexible,electrochromic
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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In situ x-ray diffraction analysis of 2D crack patterning in thin films
摘要： In this work, the effect of the loading path on the multicracking of Nickel thin films on Kapton substrate was studied thanks to an experimental set-up combining controlled biaxial deformation, x-ray diffraction and digital image correlation. Samples were biaxially stretched up to 10% strain following either a single equibiaxial path or a complex one consisting of loading successively along each of the axes of the cruciform specimen. While the first path leads to a mud-crack pattern (random), the second leads to a roman-bricks one (square). Moreover, the in situ x-ray diffraction experiments show that the stress field developed in the thin film during the multicracking is clearly dependent on the loading path. By combining the study of stresses and x-ray diffraction peaks linewidth, we evidenced mechanical domains related to initiation of cracks and their multiplication for each loading path. Moreover, stress evolution in the thin film during mud-crack pattern formation is significantly smoother than in the case of roman-bricks one as represented in the plane stress space.
关键词： Synchrotron,Mechanical properties,Flexible substrates,Cracks
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Ultrathin Flexible Carbon Fiber Reinforced Hierarchical Metastructure for Broadband Microwave Absorption with Nano Lossy Composite and Multi-scale Optimization
摘要： The implementation of thin structure for broadband microwave absorption is challenging due to requirement of impedance match across several frequency bands and poor mechanical properties. Herein, we demonstrate a carbon fiber (CF) reinforced flexible thin hierarchical metastructure (HM) composed of lossy materials including carbonyl iron (CI), multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and silicone rubber (SR) with thickness of 5mm and optimal concentration selected from twelve formulae. Optimization for the periodical unit size is applied and impacts of structural sizes on absorption performance is also investigated. An effective process combining the vacuum bag method and the hand lay-up technique is used to fabricate the HM. Experimental reflectivity of the absorber achieves broadband absorption below -10dB in 2-4GHz and 8-40GHz. Full band in 2-40GHz is covered below -8dB. Yielding stress of the HM is increased to 24MPa with attachment of CF while the fracture strain of the composite reaches 550%. The soft HM is suitable to adhere to curved surface of objects needed to be protected from microwave radiation detection and electromagnetic interference. Enhanced mechanical properties make it possible for further practical applications under harsh service environment such as ocean and machines with constant vibration.
关键词： broadband microwave absorption,hierarchical metastructure,dielectric-magnetic lossy material,flexible,mechanical properties
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Epitaxial Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia on Muscovite for Flexible Transparent Ionic Conductors
摘要： The advantages of ionic conductors have attracted great interests worldwide since they can fit the requirements which standard electrical conductors struggle to meet. Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) is the most common ionic conductors for various practical applications. In this study, in order to bring ionic conductors into the field of soft technology, transparent YSZ films with superior mechanical flexibility were epitaxially grown on muscovite substrate by pulsed laser deposition. The epitaxial relation between YSZ and muscovite has been well established, indicating a high crystallinity thin film. The heterostructure of YSZ/muscovite exhibits excellent ionic conductivity with great mechanical flexibility. The smallest bending radius of this heterostructure can be achieved is ~ 10 mm with excellent mechanical cyclabilty (>800 cycles) and stability (>105 s), serving as a new platform to fabricate highly flexible ionic conductors.
关键词： epitaxial growth,muscovite,transparent,ionic conductors,flexible,yttria-stabilized zirconia
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21