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Design of graphitic carbon nitride supported Ag–Cu2O composites with hierarchical structures for enhanced photocatalytic properties
摘要： A novel ternary photocatalytic nanocomposite, Ag–Cu2O/C3N4, has been successfully synthesized via a facile two-step reduction procedure at room temperature, wherein Ag nanoparticles are directly growing on the surface of Cu2O supported by C3N4 nanosheets. The resulting ternary Ag–Cu2O/C3N4 photocatalyst exhibits enhanced photocatalytic activity towards methyl orange (MO) degradation compared with its conterparts (Cu2O, spherical Ag–Cu2O and Cu2O/C3N4), demonstrating a removal rate of MO up to 95.7% within 30 min. The enhanced photocatalytic activity can be ascribed to the following factors: 1) the surface plasmon resonance effect of Ag nanoparticles broadening the visible light response of Cu2O; 2) the introduction of C3N4 functioning not only as a fast electron delivery but also a fine stabilizer to prevent the Ag–Cu2O composite from agglomeration. Mechanism studies reveal that MO is cracked into smaller fragments and the h+ is the main reactive species participating in the photocatalytic process. Moreover, the Ag–Cu2O/C3N4 photocatalyst also shows high photodegradation ability for another two representative azo dyes, acid orange II and congo red. This study demonstrates the potential of Ag–Cu2O/C3N4 in the degradation of azo dyes and also provides a guide to design of Cu2O-based ternary photocatalysts for further wastewater remediation.
关键词： Wastewater remediation,Cuprous oxide,Photocatalysis,C3N4 nanosheets,Fragments,Mechanism
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Fluorescence protein complementation in microscopy: applications beyond detecting bi-molecular interactions
摘要： Conventional fragments of fluorescent proteins used in bimolecular fluorescence complementation technique (BiFC), form light-emitting species only when they are kept in close proximity by interacting proteins of interest. By contrast, certain fluorescent protein fragments complement spontaneously, namely those corresponding to the 1st to 10th beta-strands (GFP1-10) and the 11th beta-strand of superfolder GFP (GFP11). They were designed as folding reporters for high throughput expression and structure biology. Besides, for light microscopy, self-associating fluorescent protein fragments constitute a valuable and sometimes unique tool. The GFP11 tag is very advantageous when a full-length fluorescent protein cannot be fused to a protein of interest, namely for live imaging of certain pathogens. Self-associating GFP fragments enable live labelling of specific synapses, visualization of proteins topology and their exposure to particular subcellular compartments. Present review aims to attract attention of scientific community to these tools and to inspire their further development and applications.
关键词： fluorescent protein,superfolder GFP,imaging,microscopy,self-associating fluorescent protein fragments
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon Nanotubes by Modified Flame Fragments Deposition Method
摘要： This study focuses on the synthesis of carbon nanotubes from Iraqi natural gas via a modified flame fragments deposition method in presence and absence of the catalyst. Four types of catalysts were used for the growth of carbon nanotubes. These types are iron doped on magnesium oxide (Fe/MgO), iron-cobalt doped on calcium carbonate (Fe-Co/CaCO3) and iron(III) oxide. All these four types were prepared in one batch by a home made instrument.The implemented technique ensures the same experimental conditions such as type of carbon source, type of carrier gas, flow rate of gases, growth temperature and synthesis time of growth for all synthesized samples. Various experimental techniques viz., X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis were used for characterization of the synthesized carbon nanotubes.
关键词： Flame fragments deposition,Natural gas,Carbon nanotubes
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Fullerenes and Relative Materials - Properties and Applications || How Important is Metal-Carbon Back-Bonding for the Stability of Fullerene-Transition Metal Complexes? Role of Cage Sizes, Encapsulated Ions and Metal Ligands
摘要： A density functional study of {η2-(X@Cn)}ML2 complexes with various cage sizes (C60, C70, C76, C84, C90, C96), encapsulated ions (X = F?, 0, Li+) and metal fragments (M = Pt, Pd) is performed, using M06/LANL2DZ levels of theory. The importance of π back-bonding to the thermodynamic stability of fullerene-transition metal complexes ({η2-(X@Cn)}ML2) and the effect of encapsulated ions, metal fragments and cage sizes on the π back-bonding are determined in this study. The theoretical computations suggest that π back-bonding plays an essential role in the formation of fullerene-transition metal complexes. The theoretical evidence also suggests that there is no linear correlation between cage sizes and π back-bonding, but the encapsulated Li+ ion enhances π back-bonding and F? ion results in its deterioration. These computations also show that a platinum center produces stronger π back-bonding than a palladium center. It is hoped that the conclusions that are provided by this study can be used in the design, synthesis and growth of novel fullerene-transition complexes.
关键词： π back-bonding,fullerene-transition metal complex,encapsulated ions,metal fragments and cage sizes
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14