- 标题
- 摘要
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- 实验方案
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Mechanical analysis of the interface bonding state of a TiO2 film/Si substrate
摘要： TiO2 film is prepared on the surface of a natural oxide layer of a monocrystalline silicon substrate via RF magnetron sputtering. HRTEM (High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope) imaging and EDX spectroscopy are performed on the sample interface, demonstrating that the film sample has a two-layer structure. Combined with XRD, the analysis shows that the upper film is a crystalline TiO2 film with a thickness of approximately 30 nm and that the lower film is a natural amorphous SiO2 oxide film with a thickness of approximately 22 nm. A geometric phase analysis (GPA) and Hooke's law are used to analyse the stress and bonding state at the interfaces between the monocrystalline silicon substrate and the natural oxide layer, between rutile TiO2 and the natural oxide layer, and between anatase TiO2 and the natural oxide layer. It is concluded that the interface bonding state of the monocrystalline silicon/natural oxide layer is good and that the interface bonding state at the interface between rutile and the natural oxide layer is better than that between anatase and the natural oxide layer.
关键词： geometric phase analysis,Hooke's law,natural oxidation,interface bonding states,TiO2
更新于2025-11-14 17:04:02
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Demonstration of Controlled-Phase Gates between Two Error-Correctable Photonic Qubits
摘要： To realize fault-tolerant quantum computing, it is necessary to store quantum information in logical qubits with error correction functions, realized by distributing a logical state among multiple physical qubits or by encoding it in the Hilbert space of a high-dimensional system. Quantum gate operations between these error-correctable logical qubits, which are essential for implementation of any practical quantum computational task, have not been experimentally demonstrated yet. Here we demonstrate a geometric method for realizing controlled-phase gates between two logical qubits encoded in photonic fields stored in cavities. The gates are realized by dispersively coupling an ancillary superconducting qubit to these cavities and driving it to make a cyclic evolution depending on the joint photonic state of the cavities, which produces a conditional geometric phase. We first realize phase gates for photonic qubits with the logical basis states encoded in two quasiorthogonal coherent states, which have important implications for continuous-variable-based quantum computation. Then we use this geometric method to implement a controlled-phase gate between two binomially encoded logical qubits, which have an error-correctable function.
关键词： error correction,quantum computing,logical qubits,geometric phase,controlled-phase gates
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Electromagnetic curves of the polarized light wave along the optical fiber in De-Sitter 2-space $${\mathbb{S}}_{1}^{2}$$S12
摘要： We review the geometric evolution of a linearly polarized light wave coupling into an optical fiber and the rotation of the polarization plane in De-Sitter 2-space. The optical fiber is assumed to be a one-dimensional object imbedded in the De-Sitter 2-space S2 1 is described to be a 2-sphere in a Lorentzian space with positive curvature. Thus, in the De-Sitter 2-space, we have demonstrated that the evolution of a linearly polarized light wave is associated with the Berry phase or more commonly known as the geometric phase. The ordinary condition for parallel transportation is defined by the Fermi–Walker parallelism law. We define other Fermi–Walker parallel transportation laws and connect them with the famous Rytov parallel transportation law for an electric field E, which is considered as the direction of the state of the linearly polarized light wave traveling through the optical fiber in De-Sitter 2-space. Later, we have defined a special class of magnetic curves called by Lorentzian spherical electromagnetic curves (LSEM curves), which are generated by the electric field E along with the linearly polarized monochromatic light wave propagating in the optical fiber. In this way, not only we are able to define a special class of linearly polarized point particles corresponding to LSEM-curves of the electromagnetic field along with the optical fiber in the De-Sitter 2-space, but we can also calculate, both numerically and analytically, the electromagnetic force, Poynting vector, energy-exchanges rate, optical angular and linear momentum, and optical magnetic torque experienced by the linearly polarizable point particles along with the optical fiber in the De-Sitter 2-space.
关键词： Magnetic force,Polarized light wave,Electromagnetic force,Optical angular momentum,Electromagnetic curves,Geometric phase
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Multispectral Management of the Photon Orbital Angular Momentum
摘要： We report on a programmable liquid crystal spatial light modulator enabling independent orbital angular momentum state control on multiple spectral channels. This is done by using electrically controllable “topological pixels" that independently behave as geometric phase micro-optical elements relying on self-engineered liquid crystal defects. These results open interesting opportunities in optical manipulation, sensing, imaging, and communications, as well as information processing. In particular, spectral vortex modulation allows considering singular spatiotemporal shaping of ultrashort pulses which may find applications in many areas such as material processing, spectroscopy, or elementary particles acceleration.
关键词： liquid crystal spatial light modulator,spectral vortex modulation,photon orbital angular momentum,geometric phase micro-optical elements,ultrashort pulses
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Polarization-enabled tunable focusing by visible-light metalenses with geometric and propagation phase
摘要： Flat metalenses with tunable focal length have wide applications in modern optical systems with high integration requirement. Here, by combining propagation phase and geometric phase, we numerically realize a metalens with a tunable focal length by controlling the polarization state of incident light. The tuning range can be as large as 15λ at the designer wavelength. Furthermore, the tunable performance can operate at the entire visible band with an ef?ciency over 35%. We believe that the proposed polarization-enabled tunable focusing metalens will ?nd signi?cant applications in imaging and sensing applications.
关键词： tunable focusing,metalens,polarization state,geometric phase
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Physical and nonclassical properties of the interaction between a four-level atom and field in coherent state of Morse potential
摘要： The quantum system of the field initially defined by the k-photon-added Morse potential coherent states (MPCSs) of the radiation field interacting with a four-level atom (FLA) was studied. The physical and non-classical properties of the field defined by the MPCS system were quantified using the Mandel parameter. The effect of time-dependent coupling (TDC) on the atomic speed was examined. Moreover, the dynamic properties of the non-local correlation between the FLA and MPCS radiation field were studied and compared with those of the geometric phase. We also investigated the influence of the initial interaction conditions and different system parameters on the evolution of the non-local correlation, Mandel parameter, and geometric phase. The relationships between the geometric phase, Mandel parameter, and non-local correlation with TDC were explored.
关键词： Entanglement,Morse potential coherent states,Mandel parameter,Geometric phase
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Geometric phase transferred from photonic mode to atomic BEC
摘要： A process of geometric phase generation in a composite matter-field system is considered. Two atomic modes correspond to different localizations of a single Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC). One of the trapping localizations is formed by a photonic mode of a ring cavity. The photonic mode is governed by an external harmonic field source, by dissipation and by the number of localized atoms due to their non-resonant interaction with photons. This interaction gives rise to entanglement between the BEC and the photonic mode. By varying the intensity and frequency of the external source, it is possible to create a geometric phase for the optical mode. Because of the entanglement between the state of atomic and photonic modes, geometric phase acquired by the latter causes modification of the BEC state. This modification can be revealed by studying the tunneling between the atomic localizations.
关键词： Bose–Einstein condensate,Geometric phase,Two-mode approximation
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Soliton propagation of electromagnetic field vectors of polarized light ray traveling in a coiled optical fiber in the ordinary space
摘要： In this paper, we relate the evolution equations of the electric field and magnetic field vectors of the polarized light ray traveling in a coiled optical fiber in the ordinary space into the nonlinear Schr?dinger’s equation by proposing new kinds of binormal motions and new kinds of Hasimoto functions in addition to commonly known formula of the binormal motion and Hasimoto function. All these operations have been conducted by using the orthonormal frame of Bishop equations that is defined along with the coiled optical fiber. We also propose perturbed solutions of the nonlinear Schr?dinger’s evolution equation that governs the propagation of solitons through the electric field (E) and magnetic field (M) vectors. Finally, we provide some numerical simulations to supplement the analytical outcomes.
关键词： traveling wave hypothesis,geometric phase,evolution equations,Moving space curves,optical fiber
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Dual-band and ultra-broadband photonic spin-orbit interaction for electromagnetic shaping based on single-layer silicon metasurfaces
摘要： Achieving electromagnetic wave scattering manipulation in the multispectral and broad operation band has been a long pursuit in stealth applications. Here, we present an approach by using single-layer metasurfaces composed of space-variant amorphous silicon ridges tiled on a metallic mirror to generate high-efficiency dual-band and ultra-wideband photonic spin-orbit interaction and geometric phase. Two scattering engineered metasurfaces have been designed to reduce specular reflection; the first one can suppress both specular reflectances at 1.05–1.08 μm and 5–12 μm below 10%. The second one is designed for an ultra-broadband of 4.6–14 μm, which is actually implemented by cleverly connecting two bands of 4.6–6.1 μm and 6.1–14 μm. Furthermore, the presented structures exhibit low thermal emission at the same time due to the low absorption loss of silicon in the infrared spectrum, which can be regarded as an achievement of laser–infrared compatible camouflage. We believe the proposed strategy may open a new route to implement multispectral electromagnetic modulation and multiphysical engineering applications.
关键词： photonic spin-orbit interaction,stealth applications,geometric phase,metasurfaces,electromagnetic shaping
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Single-shot Fresnel incoherent digital holography based on geometric phase lens
摘要： Single-shot and incoherent imaging are two important properties of digital holography that can extend its application range. In this study, a simple, compact, in-line Fresnel incoherent digital holographic recording system is proposed that is capable of single-shot and three-dimensional imaging. A geometric phase lens is used as the common-path beam splitter based on its special wave separation property. Parallel phase-shifting holography is used to achieve single-shot operation with the use of a polarization imaging camera together with space-division multiplexing. The capabilities of the proposed technique are experimentally confirmed by imaging two standard test charts based on a compact setup.
关键词： incoherent digital holography,Single-shot,three-dimensional imaging,Parallel phase-shifting method,space-division multiplexing,geometric phase lens
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22