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An Efficient Technique using Modified p-q Theory for Controlling Power Flow in a Single-Stage Single-Phase Grid-Connected PV System
摘要： In this paper, an efficient power conditioning unit (PCU) is presented for a single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic system (GCPVS) incorporating both maximum power-point tracking (MPPT) and current control algorithms in a single-stage. Modified p-q theory is applied to derive the reference signal for a hysteresis band current (HBC) controller so that independently the active and reactive power sharing between the photovoltaic (PV) system and the grid can be controlled. Enhanced stability during the internal dynamics, caused by the variations in PV generation and load conditions, is the prime aspect of the controller. The performance of the proposed p-q theory correlated HBC controller is evaluated against tracking of maximum PV power and compensation of load reactive power under the changeable atmospheric and load conditions, and also compared with the widely used conventional proportional resonant (PR) controller to justify superiority. Simulation and experiment are carried-out under variable weather and different load conditions to validate acceptability of the proposed control scheme.
关键词： modified p-q theory,Single-stage,hysteresis band current (HBC) controller,grid-connected photovoltaic system (GCPVS),power flow controlling
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Experimental performance assessment of a 2.25 kWp Rooftop PV system installed in the desert environment: a case study of Ghardaia, Algeria
摘要： The outcomes of an experimental study performed on a single grid-connected photovoltaic plant on the roof of parking are disclosed in the present paper. The PV system is located in southern Algeria (Latitude 32.26 N°, and longitude 03.46E°) at the Renewable Energy Applied Research Unit (URAER), Ghardaia, Algeria. This location is a desert and with a semi-arid climate. The performance results had been monitored for one year 2018. The present study aims to investigate the effect of seasonal variation on output parameters of PV systems. The results of some index parameters such as performance ratio (PR), array losses, system losses and yields (reference yield, array yields and system yields) are presented and discussed. Experimental results show that an essential variation in performance parameters has been seen for different seasons. The results show the maximum energy generated, reference yield, array yield, final yield, capacitor factor, capture and system losses in summer were 307,11 kW h/kWp, 5,35 kW h/kWp/day, 5,01 kW h/kWp/day, 4,74 kW h/kWp/day, 20,17%, 0,34 h/day and 0,27 h/day, respectively, while the maximum value of performance ratio (PR) was observed in winter (93, 06%). The grid is fed with a power of 3327, 15 kWh along the year.
关键词： grid-connected photovoltaic system,performance loss,The outdoor study,semi-arid climate,seasonal variation
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Coordinated reactive power strategy using static synchronous compensator for photovoltaic inverters
摘要： Large photovoltaic (PV) penetrations into the electric grid resulted in new challenges such as reverse power flow and violation of voltage profile. The traditional methods for voltage regulation in a grid-connected PV system are hardly adaptable to these changes as they only contain the local information which is used without the knowledge of how the control action affects the overall system. To address this problem, this paper extends the reactive power control capability of solar PV inverters by combining them with static power electronic devices for regulating voltage during grid faults. For efficient identification of grid faults, a support vector machine-based fault classification mechanism is developed. The proposed method prioritizes the reactive power control using PV inverter by adapting a predefined hierarchical control structure. The complete methodology is realized by testing it with a two-stage single-phase grid-connected PV system. The experimental results verify the accuracy of the classification algorithm and depict the effectiveness of the proposed controller in both under and overvoltage situations.
关键词： fault ride through (FRT),reactive power control,islanding classification,grid-connected photovoltaic system (GCPVS)
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Technical analysis of photovoltaic energy generation for supplying the electricity demand in Brazilian dairy farms
摘要： In many Brazilian dairy farms, the supply of electrical energy does not fully meet the demands of the production systems and/or presents frequent fluctuations and interruptions, making the expansion of production chain unfeasible. These and other barriers have motivating the adoption of renewable and independent energy sources, installed directly in the farms. The present study was conducted to perform a technical analysis of photovoltaic energy generation required for supplying the electricity demand in dairy farms located at Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Daily global radiations on tilted panels were estimated by mathematical models and long-term meteorological database (greater than 33 years). Electrical energy generated by grid-connected photovoltaic systems was predicted considering minimum, average, and maximum daily global radiation conditions. Electrical energy demands were monitored in small (66 cows), medium (106 cows), and large (158 cows) dairy farms. The direct use of electrical energy in operations performed at Brazilian dairy farms were 4, 28, 15, 39, and 15%, on average, for lighting, milking, water heating/pumping, milk cooling/refrigeration, and miscellaneous, respectively. The estimated energy consumptions were 0.96, 0.87, and 0.81 kWh cow?1 day?1 for farms with 66, 106, and 158 cows, respectively. The photovoltaic panel area varied considerably among small, medium, and large dairy farms in order to meet 80% of renewable fraction for the electricity demand.
关键词： Solar radiation models,Photovoltaic panels,Grid-connected photovoltaic system,Energy consumption,Renewable energy,Farm building
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Control technique for single phase inverter photovoltaic system connected to the grid
摘要： In photovoltaic system connected to the grid, the main goal is to control the power that the inverter injects into the grid from the energy provided by the photovoltaic generator. The power quality injected into the grid and the performance of the converter system depend on the quality of the inverter current control. In this paper, a control technique for a photovoltaic system connected to the grid based on digital pulse-width modulation (DSPWM) which can synchronize a sinusoidal output current with a grid voltage and control the power factor is proposed. This control is based on the single phase inverter controlled by bipolar PWM Switching and lineal current control. The electrical scheme of the system is presented. The approach is widely explained. Simulations results of output voltage and current validate the impact of this method to determinate the appropriate control of the system. A digital design of the control based on generator PWM using VHDL is proposed and implemented on Field-Programmable Gate Array “FPGA”. The functional structure of this system with digital control has been validated with experimental results.
关键词： Inverter,Control,Bipolar PWM,Grid connected photovoltaic system
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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[IEEE 2019 International Conference on Industrial Engineering, Applications and Manufacturing (ICIEAM) - Sochi, Russia (2019.3.25-2019.3.29)] 2019 International Conference on Industrial Engineering, Applications and Manufacturing (ICIEAM) - Optimization of Attachment Place of Two Photovoltaic Systems to Power Line with Distributed Load
摘要： Distributed generation based on photovoltaic systems is of interest for scientists and specialists, since it has an impact on power losses in distribution networks and voltage deviations at consumers, due to the change in power flows from busbars. The article analyzes the effect of connecting two photovoltaic systems to a power line with a distributed load in terms of power losses. As the objects of research, the systems of power supply to poultry farms were analyzed. Two methods have been proposed for determining the optimal power and places of connection of photovoltaic systems from the obtained analytical expressions for minimum electric power losses in a power line with distributed load, and based on the developed nomogram making it possible to determine approximately different sets of distances and powers of photovoltaic systems.
关键词： optimum active power,losses of electrical energy,grid-connected photovoltaic system,photovoltaic system,power supply diagram
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Grid Connected-Photovoltaic System (GC-PVS): Issues and Challenges
摘要： Smart grid is the key technology for an effective utilization of the Renewable Energy Sources (RES). The utilization of RES for the generation of electricity is increasingly gaining interest of researchers during the last decades. The main reason behind this is global incentivization, the increasing price of petroleum products, climate issues and deregulations in the energy market. As the Government of India, (MNRE i.e. Ministry of New & Renewable Energy) is targeting to generate 20000 MW power through grid-connected solar PVS by the year 2022 therefore, the main focus in this paper has been presented on power generation through grid-connected PVS. The emerging smart grid technology has enabled the grid-connected PVS as an evolving process in today’s world for electrical power generation. However, apart from so many advantages, there are several issues and challenges associated with the integration of PVS to the electric utility grid hence, the investigation to find out available possible solutions to overcome these issues becomes essential in order to enhance the performance of grid-connected PVS. The most severe constraint associated with this emerging technology is it high penetration level. If during low load conditions there is some mismatch found between the real power output and the load profile characteristics of PVS then it may result into large reverse power flow, high power losses or severe voltage violation. In this paper, several issues and challenges associated with the integration of solar PVS with the electric utility grid are presented.
关键词： Renewable Energy Sources,Grid Connected-Photovoltaic System,harmonics,voltage stability,RES,frequency stability,smart grid,GC-PVS
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04