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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Micro-Transfer Printer-Assembled Five Junction CPV Microcell Development
摘要： Quantitative analysis of positron emission tomography (PET) brain imaging data requires a metabolite-corrected arterial input function (AIF) for estimation of distribution volume and related outcome measures. Collecting arterial blood samples adds risk, cost, measurement error, and patient discomfort to PET studies. Minimally invasive AIF estimation is possible with simultaneous estimation (SIME), but at least one arterial blood sample is necessary. In this study, we describe a noninvasive SIME (nSIME) approach that utilizes a pharmacokinetic input function model and constraints derived from machine learning applied to an electronic health record database consisting of “long tail” data (digital records, paper charts, and handwritten notes) that were collected ancillary to the PET studies. We evaluated the performance of nSIME on 95 [11C]DASB PET scans that had measured AIFs. The results indicate that nSIME is a promising alternative to invasive AIF measurement. The general framework presented here may be expanded to other metabolized radioligands, potentially enabling quantitative analysis of PET studies without blood sampling. A glossary of technical abbreviations is provided at the end of this paper.
关键词： Arterial input function (AIF),positron emission tomography (PET) imaging,electronic health record (EHR)
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Compact Single-Shot D-Scan Setup for the Characterization of Few-Cycle Laser Pulses
摘要： The power generator is typically maintained with a time- or usage-based strategy, which could result in a substantial waste of remaining useful life, high maintenance cost, and low plant availability. Recently, the field of prognostics and health management offers diagnostic and prognostic techniques to precisely assess the health condition and robustly predict the remaining useful life (RUL) of an engineered system, with an aim to address the aforementioned deficiencies. This paper explores a smart health reasoning system to assess the health condition of power generator stator bars against moisture absorption based on the statistical analysis of the capacitance measurements on bar insulators. In particular, a relative health measure, namely the directional Mahalanobis distance, is proposed to quantify the health condition of a stator bar. The smart health reasoning system is validated using five years’ field data from seven generators, each of which contains 42 turns.
关键词： health diagnostics,statistical correlation,moisture absorption,Directional Mahalanobis distance (DMD),power generator stator bar
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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A Multiparametric Evaluation of Quantum Dot Size and Surface-Grafted Peptide Density on Cellular Uptake and Cytotoxicity
摘要： Despite the progress in nanotechnology for biomedical applications, great efforts are still being employed in optimizing nanoparticle (NP) design parameters to improve functionality and minimize bionanotoxicity. In this study, we developed CdSe/CdS/ZnS core/shell/shell quantum dots (QDs) that are compact ligand-coated and surface-functionalized with an HIV-1-derived TAT cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) analog to improve both biocompatibility and cellular uptake. Multiparametric studies were performed in different mammalian and murine cell lines to compare the effects of varying QD size and number of surface CPPs on cellular uptake, viability, generation of reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial health, cell area, and autophagy. Our results showed that the number of cell-associated NPs and their respective toxicity are higher for the larger QDs. Meanwhile, increasing the number of surface CPPs also enhanced cellular uptake and induced cytotoxicity through the generation of mitoROS and autophagy. Thus, here we report the optimal size and surface CPP combinations for improved QD cellular uptake.
关键词： cellular uptake,mitochondrial health,cytotoxicity,biomedical applications,reactive oxygen species,nanotechnology,autophagy,quantum dots
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Crack monitoring in reinforced concrete beams by distributed optical fiber sensors
摘要： This paper investigates the use of distributed optical fiber sensors (DOFS) based on Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry of Rayleigh backscattering for Structural Health Monitoring purposes in civil engineering structures. More specifically, the results of a series of laboratory experiments aimed at assessing the suitability and accuracy of DOFS for crack monitoring in reinforced concrete members subjected to external loading are reported. The experiments consisted on three-point bending tests of concrete beams, where a polyamide-coated optical fiber sensor was bonded directly onto the surface of an unaltered reinforcement bar and protected by a layer of silicone. The strain measurements obtained by the DOFS system exhibited an accuracy equivalent to that provided by traditional electrical foil gauges. Moreover, the analysis of the high spatial resolution strain profiles provided by the DOFS enabled the effective detection of crack formation. Furthermore, the comparison of the reinforcement strain profiles with measurements from a digital image correlation system revealed that determining the location of cracks and tracking the evolution of the crack width over time were both feasible, with most errors being below ±3 cm and ±20 mm, for the crack location and crack width, respectively.
关键词： crack monitoring,structural health monitoring,damage assessment,reinforced concrete,Concrete beams,distributed optical fiber sensors
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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PHOTOVOLTAIC DRIVEN RESONANT WIRELESS ENERGY TRANSFER SYSTEM FOR IMPLANTABLE ELECTRONIC SENSOR
摘要： In order to energize the biomedical implantable electronic devices wirelessly for in vivo health monitoring of patients in an isolated, outdoor and inaccessible environment, an alternate driving energy source is highly desirable. In pertinent to this, a photovoltaic driven wireless energizing system has been explored. The system is designed to convert solar energy to a high frequency energy source so as to facilitate energy transfer through resonant inductive link to the automated bio-medical sensing system allied with the receiver unit. The received power is observed to be 286 mW for the coil separation gap of 5 cm and load value of 40 Ω at the resonant frequency of 772.3 kHz. The automated biomedical smart sensor is competent to acquire the body parameter and transmit the consequent telemetry data from the body to the data recording segment. The real-time body temperature parameter of di?erent living beings has been experimented, and to ensure the accuracy of the developed system, the observed parameter has been matched with a calibrated system. The proposed scheme can be suitable for monitoring wirelessly other in vivo health parameters such as blood pressure, bladder pressure, and physiological signals of the patients.
关键词： resonant wireless energy transfer,health monitoring,biomedical,photovoltaic,implantable electronic sensor
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Deep learning method for detection of structural microcracks by Brillouin scattering based distributed optical fiber sensors
摘要： Brillouin scattering (BS)–based distributed optical fiber sensors (DOFS) provide distributed sensing capabilities by monitoring the strain along entire segments of structures. Large cracks, such as those with large crack opening displacements (COD) can be detected by strain peaks or singularities along the measurement length of distributed sensors. Microcracks do not provide visible pronounced local peaks along the length of measured distributed strains. The peaks corresponding to microcracks are submerged within the measurement noise due to low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of BS systems. Deep learning (DL) methods have the potential to automatically extract feature representations from data exhibiting lower SNRs, and improve the crack detection sensitivity of the BS-based DOFS. Development of the proposed DL method includes construction of model architecture, design of a training algorithm and the detection process. A 15-m-long wide-flange steel beam with artificial defects is built and employed in this study. A comprehensive experimental program is undertaken in order to train, validate and test the generality of the proposed DL method. Experimental results demonstrate that the DL method is capable of extracting highly discernable microcrack features from the distributed strains, and distinguish the crack-induced local peaks from the noise. Microcracks with CODs as small as 23 microns are accurately detected in the present work.
关键词： Structural health monitoring,optical fiber sensors,Brillouin Scattering,crack detection,deep learning
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Non-Contact Damage Detection under Operational Conditions with Multipoint Laservibrometry
摘要： Scanning laser–Doppler vibrometry (SLDV) can localize and visualize damages in mechanical structures. In order to enable scanning, it is necessary to repeat the vibration. Therefore, this technique is not suited to detect emerging hazards in working machinery that change the vibration behavior. A common technique for such cases is monitoring the vibration excited by machine operation with accelerometers. This technique requires mechanical coupling between sensors and the measurement object, which in?uences the high-frequency vibration responses. However, in the low-frequency range, local damages do not shift resonances or distort operational de?ection shapes (ODS) signi?cantly. These alterations in the vibration behavior are tiny and hard to detect. This paper shows that multipoint laservibrometry (MPV) with laser excitation can measure these e?ects e?ciently, and it further demonstrates that damages in?uence ODSs at frequencies above 20 kHz much stronger than at frequencies below 20 kHz. In addition, ODS-based damage indices are discussed; these are highly sensitive to minute visible changes of the ODSs. In order to enhance the sensitivity of hazard detection, the response vector assurance criterion value is computed and evaluated during operation. The capabilities and limitations of the methodology on the example of a cantilever with manually emerging damage are demonstrated.
关键词： structural health monitoring,multipoint laser-Doppler vibrometer,operational de?ection shape,operational condition,damage detection,laser–Doppler vibrometry,non-destructive testing,laser ablation
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDS)
摘要： Since the original ICNIRP Statement was published in 2000, there have been significant improvements in the efficiency and radiance (i.e., optical radiation emission) of LEDs. The most important improvement is the development of ‘white’ LEDs that can be used as general lighting sources, which are more efficient than traditional lighting sources. LEDs emitting in the ultraviolet wavelength region have also become available and have made their way into consumer products. All these changes have led to a rise in concern for the safety of the optical radiation emissions from LEDs. Several in vitro and animal studies have been conducted, which indicate that blue and white LEDs can potentially cause retinal cell damage under high irradiance and lengthy exposure conditions. However, these studies cannot be directly extrapolated to normal exposure conditions for humans, and equivalent effects can also be caused by the optical radiation from other light sources under extreme exposure conditions. Acute damage to the human retina from typical exposure to blue or white LEDs has not been demonstrated. Concern for potential long-term effects, e.g. age-related macular degeneration (AMD), remains based on epidemiological studies indicating a link between high levels of exposure to sunlight and AMD. When evaluating the optical radiation safety of LEDs, it has now been established that published safety standards for lamps, not lasers, should be applied. Thus far, the only clear, acute adverse health effects from LEDs are those due to temporal light modulation (including flicker). Glare can also create visual disturbances when LED light fixtures are not properly designed. Further research is needed on potential health effects from short- and long-term exposure to new and emerging lighting technologies.
关键词： safety standards,radiation, non-ionizing,International Commission on Non Ionizing Radiation Protection,health effects
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 22nd International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (ICCIT) - Dhaka, Bangladesh (2019.12.18-2019.12.20)] 2019 22nd International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (ICCIT) - Investigating the Performance of Nanocrystalline Silicon HIT Solar Cell by Silvaco ATLAS
摘要： The effective use of data within intensive care units (ICUs) has great potential to create new cloud-based health analytics solutions for disease prevention or earlier condition onset detection. The Artemis project aims to achieve the above goals in the area of neonatal ICUs (NICU). In this paper, we proposed an analytical model for the Artemis cloud project which will be deployed at McMaster Children’s Hospital in Hamilton. We collect not only physiological data but also the infusion pumps data that are attached to NICU beds. Using the proposed analytical model, we predict the amount of storage, memory, and computation power required for the system. Capacity planning and tradeoff analysis would be more accurate and systematic by applying the proposed analytical model in this paper. Numerical results are obtained using real inputs acquired from McMaster Children’s Hospital and a pilot deployment of the system at The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids) in Toronto.
关键词： Health informatics,analytical modeling,real-time analytics,cloud computing,data management,capacity planning
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Understanding CdTe Performance with Engineered Front and Back Interfaces
摘要： Recently, structural health monitoring (SHM) using radio frequency identification (RFID) tag antenna-based sensing (TABS) has received increasing attention because of its wireless, passive, and low-cost characteristics. However, a great challenge in the SHM using RFID TABS is multiple influences in the measurement. This paper presents an ultrahigh frequency RFID sensor system for corrosion detection and characterization. In this paper, a 3-D antenna sensor is designed to work on the surface of a protective coated steel sample. Sweep-frequency measurements are applied for analog identifier with principal component analysis (PCA) to overcome the multiple influences from reader-tag orientation, distance, and environment. Feature extraction and selection though PCA can get robust and sensitive defect information by projecting the test data into an orthogonal feature space. The test results demonstrate that the proposed method can be applied to detect and characterize early-stage corrosion in metals.
关键词： principal component analysis (PCA),radio frequency identification (RFID),structural health monitoring (SHM),Antenna sensor,corrosion detection
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59