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Quantum and Dielectric Confinement Effects in Lower-Dimensional Hybrid Perovskite Semiconductors
摘要： Hybrid halide perovskites are now superstar materials leading the field of low-cost thin film photovoltaics technologies. Following the surge for more efficient and stable 3D bulk alloys, multilayered halide perovskites and colloidal perovskite nanostructures appeared in 2016 as viable alternative solutions to this challenge, largely exceeding the original proof of concept made in 2009 and 2014, respectively. This triggered renewed interest in lower-dimensional hybrid halide perovskites and at the same time increasingly more numerous and differentiated applications. The present paper is a review of the past and present literature on both colloidal nanostructures and multilayered compounds, emphasizing that availability of accurate structural information is of dramatic importance to reach a fair understanding of quantum and dielectric confinement effects. Layered halide perovskites occupy a special place in the history of halide perovskites, with a large number of seminal papers in the 1980s and 1990s. In recent years, the rationalization of structure–properties relationship has greatly benefited from new theoretical approaches dedicated to their electronic structures and optoelectronic properties, as well as a growing number of contributions based on modern experimental techniques. This is a necessary step to provide in-depth tools to decipher their extensive chemical engineering possibilities which surpass the ones of their 3D bulk counterparts. Comparisons to classical semiconductor nanostructures and 2D van der Waals heterostructures are also stressed. Since 2015, colloidal nanostructures have undergone a quick development for applications based on light emission. Although intensively studied in the last two years by various spectroscopy techniques, the description of quantum and dielectric confinement effects on their optoelectronic properties is still in its infancy.
关键词： quantum confinement,multilayered perovskites,structural engineering,colloidal nanostructures,hybrid halide perovskites,optoelectronic properties,2D materials,dielectric confinement
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Analysis of the Cost and Energy Efficiency of Future Hybrid and Heterogeneous Optical Networks
摘要： Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) promises to provide the necessary boost in the core networks’ capacity along with the required flexibility in order to cope with the Internet’s growing heterogeneous traffic. At the same time, wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology remains a cost-effective and reliable solution especially for long-haul transmission. Due to the higher implementation cost of optical OFDM transmission technology, it is expected that OFDM-based bandwidth variable transponders (BVT) will co-exist with conventional WDM ones. In this paper, we provide an integer linear programming (ILP) formulation that minimizes the cost and power consumption of such hybrid architecture and then a comparison is made with a pure OFDM-based elastic optical network (EON) and a mixed line rate (MLR) WDM optical network in order to evaluate their cost and energy efficiency.
关键词： ILP,WDM,Hybrid Optical Network,Elastic Optical Network,Bandwidth Variable Transponder
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Novel Iron-oxide Catalyzed CNT Formation on Semiconductor Silicon Nanowire
摘要： An aqueous ferric nitrate nonahydrate (Fe(NO3)3.9H2O) and magnesium oxide (MgO) were mixed and deposited on silicon nanowires (SiNWs), the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) formed by the concentration of Fe3O4/MgO catalysts with the mole ratio set at 0.15:9.85 and 600°C had diameter between 15.23 to 90nm with high-density distribution of CNT while those with the mole ratio set at 0.45:9.55 and 730°C had diameter of 100 to 230nm. The UV/Vis/NIR and FT-IR spectroscopes clearly confirmed the presence of the silicon-CNTs hybrid structure. UV/Vis/NIR, FT-IR spectra and FE-SEM images confirmed the silicon-CNT structure exists with diameters ranging between 15-230nm. Thus, the study demonstrated cost effective method of silicon-CNT composite nanowire formation via Iron-oxide Catalyze synthesis.
关键词： SiNWs,iron-oxide catalyze,silicon-CNT structure,hybrid structure,High-density
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Angular-Dependent Spontaneous Emission in Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Films
摘要： Due to the presence of a selective reflection band, cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) strongly modify the emission of fluorescent guest molecules. While emission along the helical axis is well understood, the emission properties at oblique angles with respect to the cholesteric helix have so far have not been explored in detail. We present a systematic study of the angular-dependent spontaneous emission properties of dye-doped cholesteric films, including a full Stokes analysis of the emitted light. Variation of the cholesteric pitch allows us to probe the effect of the photonic band structure on spontaneous emission in a wide angular range. We find exceptional angular-dependent intensity and polarization variations of the emitted light, and give experimental proof for the splitting of the first-order reflection band as well as its overlap with the second-order band at large detection angles.
关键词： and Hybrid Materials,Optical,Cholesteric Liquid Crystal,Stokes Analysis,Angular-Dependent,Plasmonics,Spontaneous Emission,Magnetic
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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A Hybrid Optical/Electric Memristor for Light-Based Logic and Communication
摘要： Light-based information processing has the potential to increase speed, security and scalability of electronics if issues in the device complexity could be resolved. We here demonstrate an integrated nano-electronic device that can combine, store, and manipulate optical and electronic information. Employing a mechanically flexible and multilayered structure, a device is realized that shows memristive behavior. Illumination is shown to control the device operation in several unique ways. First, the device produces photocurrent that allows us to read out the device state in a self-powered manner. More importantly, a varying light intensity modulates the switching transition in a proportional manner that is akin to a neuron with variable plasticity and which can be taught and queried using either light or electrical inputs. This behavior enables a multi-level light-controlled logic and teaching schemes that can be applied to light-based communication devices and provides a route towards ubiquitous and low-cost sensors for future internet of things applications.
关键词： light-based communication,memory,hybrid optoelectronics,light fidelity,memristor
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Harnessing the synergy between upconverting nanoparticles and lanthanide complexes in a multi-wavelength responsive hybrid system
摘要： We prepared a hybrid system composed of a continuous film of dinuclear lanthanide complex [Ln2bpm(tfaa)6] (Ln = Tb or Eu) and upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) using a straightforward drop-cast methodology. The system displayed visible emission under near-infrared (NIR) excitation, simultaneously stemming from sub-10-nm UCNPs and [Ln2] complexes, the latter species being otherwise directly excitable only using UV-blue radiation. In light of the results of steady-state – including power-dependent – and time-resolved optical measurements, we identified the radiative, primarily ligand-mediated nature of the energy transfer from Tm3+ ions in the UCNPs-to-Ln3+ ions in the complexes. Hyperspectral mapping and electron microscopy observations of the surface of the hybrid system confirmed the continuous and concomitant distribution of UCNPs and lanthanide complexes over the extensive composite films. Key features of the hybrid system are the simultaneous UV-blue and NIR light harvesting capabilities and their ease of preparation. These traits render the presented hybrid system a formidable candidate for the development of photoactivated devices capable to operate under multiple excitation wavelength and to transduce the absorbed light into narrow, well-defined spectral regions.
关键词： hybrid system,complex,energy transfer,lanthanide,films,upconverting nanoparticles,hyperspectral imaging
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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In situ thermal synthesis of molybdenum oxide nanocrystals in thermoresponsive microgels
摘要： In situ formation of nanocrystals within thermoresponsive microgels has become a significant technology in the fields of catalysis and biomedicine to fabricate multifunctional hybrid nanostructures. Usually, the room temperature or cooler was set to control the formation of nanocrystals using microgels as template in such process. Here, the relatively higher temperature was used to synthesize molybdenum oxide nanocrystals where the poly (N-vinyl caprolactam) microgels were found to work as both the stabilizer and the template. Specifically, ethanol was added in the solution of the microgels to raise their volume phase transition temperature (VPTT). Later, a modified hydrothermal process was performed at 70 °C with precursor molybdic acid concentrated in the microgels matrix through the hydrogen bond between molybdic acid and N-vinyl caprolactam units. 2D nanoflakes, nanorods and nanoplatelets of molybdenum oxide were successfully synthesized. Specially, the microgels with the crosslinked degree of 2% exhibited well hybrid with controlled sizes and ideal confine of the molybdenum oxide nanoplatelets within microgels, along with strong photoluminescence intensity. These results emphasized the feasibility of poly(N-vinyl caprolactam) microgels as template and stabilizer at high temperature and provided a novel synthesis strategies for hybrid microgels applicable in wide areas of nanotechnology from catalysis, sensing to therapy.
关键词： In situ,Poly(N-vinyl caprolactam),Hybrid microgel,Molybdenum oxide,Thermoresponsive
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Reshaping the Second-Order Polar Response of Hybrid Metal–Dielectric Nanodimers
摘要： We combine the field confinement of plasmonics with the flexibility of multiple Mie resonances by bottom-up assembly of hybrid metal-dielectric nanodimers. We investigate the electromagnetic coupling between nanoparticles in heterodimers consisting of gold and barium titanate (BaTiO3 or BTO) nanoparticles through nonlinear second-harmonic spectroscopy and polarimetry. The overlap of the localized surface plasmon resonant dipole mode of the gold nanoparticle with the dipole and higher-order Mie resonant modes in the BTO nanoparticle lead to the formation of hybridized modes in the visible spectral range. We employ the pick-and-place technique to construct the hybrid nanodimers with controlled diameters by positioning the nanoparticles of different types next to each other under a scanning electron microscope. Through linear scattering spectroscopy, we observe the formation of hybrid modes in the nanodimers. We show that the modes can be directly accessed by measuring the dependence of the second-harmonic generation (SHG) signal on polarization and wavelength of the pump. We reveal both experimentally and theoretically that the hybridization of plasmonic and Mie-resonant modes leads to a strong reshaping of the SHG polarization dependence in the nanodimers, which depend on the pump wavelength. We compare the SHG signal of each hybrid nanodimer with the SHG signal of single BTO nanoparticles to estimate the enhancement factor due to the resonant mode coupling within the nanodimers. We report up to two orders of magnitude for the SHG signal enhancement compared to isolated BTO nanoparticles.
关键词： Dielectrics,Second-harmonic generation,Barium Titanate,Polar-dependence,Hybrid nanoantennas,Plasmonics
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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AIP Conference Proceedings [Author(s) EMERGING TRENDS IN MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES AND ITS APPLICATIONS: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Recent Advances in Mathematical Sciences and its Applications (RAMSA-2019) - Noida, India (17–19 January 2019)] - Modeling and fuzzy logic control of photovoltaic-fuel cell-battery hybrid vehicle
摘要： In this paper, modelling of hybrid photovoltaic fuel cell and battery included vehicle were done apart from designing of fuzzy logic controller for the above system. Here, photovoltaic (PV) generator and proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) were connected in parallel that is further connected to the battery (which is used as an energy reservoir). Modelling was done using Simulink? software; and different models of PV, PEMFC and battery had been done using the defining equation available in the literature. A rule-based fuzzy logic controller was modelled in the Simulink? software. Finally, using different parameters; simulation of the complete system had been done and results were analysed.
关键词： Fuzzy Logic Controller,Hybrid Vehicle,PEMFC
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 10th International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCSP) - Hangzhou, China (2018.10.18-2018.10.20)] 2018 10th International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCSP) - A Hybrid Decoding Algorithm for Low-Rate LDPC codes in 5G
摘要： A hybrid decoding algorithm for low-density parity-check codes is presented. The proposed algorithm applies different updating schemes, such as the normalized min-sum (NMS) simplification and linear approximation, to the check-node based on its degree. Meanwhile, to eliminate the dependence on the channel variance estimation, the proposed algorithm adopts a multiplicative factor to initialize the channel input and a fixed linear functions for check-node updating. From the iterative thresholds and decoding simulations, our proposed algorithm can be shown to achieve improved performance (much closer to that of the belief propagation decoding) at the expense of a slight increase in complexity to NMS algorithm.
关键词： LDPC codes,iterative decoding,low rate LDPC codes,hybrid decoding
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52