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Transparent AgNW-CoNPs conducting film for heat sensor
摘要： We have fabricated transparent conducting film (TCF) from silver nanowires (AgNWs) decorated with cobalt nanoparticles (CoNPs) on a thermoplastic polyimide (PI) substrate by solution processed spin-coating approach. AgNWs and CoNPs were produced by modified polyol methods using poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) PVP (Mw ≈ 1,300,000). The concentration ratio of AgNWs to CoNPs was varied as 1:0, 0.7:0.3, 0.5:0.5, and 0.3:0.7 (in wt%). The results show that increasing the AgNWs/CoNPs concentration up to 0.5: 0.5 raises the TCF temperature interestingly to 350oC before the Joule heating breakdown occurs at 20 V. However, at a higher content of CoNPs (AgNWs: CoNPs = 0.3:0.7), due to the excessive entanglement of CoNPs in the AgNW network, the temperature further drops down to 65oC. The optimum transmittance (94%), sheet resistance (52 Ω/□), and thermal stability were obtained at a concentration ratio of AgNWs: CoNPs = 0.5:0.3. The stabilization mechanism is also suggested for the extremely high temperature obtained in this work.
关键词： hybrid nanowires,optical transmittance,heat sensing devices,transparent film conductor,cobalt nanoparticles
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Triple-Band Dual-Sense Circularly Polarized Hybrid Dielectric Resonator Antenna
摘要： In this paper, a triple-band dual-sense circularly polarized (CP) hybrid dielectric resonator antenna is proposed. A modified hexagonal dielectric resonator (DR) is top-loaded with a square microstrip ring (SMR). A vertical-tapered-strip connected to a 50-? microstrip line is used to excite the proposed antenna. It is found that the lower and central CP bands correspond to left-handed circular polarization and are produced by the TM11 and TE111 modes of the SMR and modified hexagonal DR, respectively. The upper CP band is formed by the combination of the quasi-TM21 mode of the SMR and quasi-TE111 mode of the DR that exhibits right-handed circular polarization. The measurement results of the fabricated prototype show triple-band response for |S11| < ?10 dB with impedance bandwidths (IBWs) of 17.4% (1.75–2.03 GHz), 28.13% (2.23–2.96 GHz), and 2.97% (3.65–3.76 GHz) in the lower, central, and upper bands, respectively. The measured 3 dB axial ratio bandwidths lying within ?10 dB IBWs are 3.69% (1.86–1.93 GHz), 5.46% (2.67–2.82 GHz), and 2.15% (3.68–3.76 GHz) along with the peak gains of 5 dBic, 5.28 dBic, and 2.36 dBic in the lower, central, and upper bands, respectively.
关键词： hybrid antenna,dielectric resonator antenna (DRA),square microstrip ring,multi-band,triple-band circular polarization
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Organic and hybrid resistive switching materials and devices
摘要： The explosive increase in digital communications in the Big Data and internet of Things era spurs the development of universal memory that can run at high speed with high-density and nonvolatile storage capabilities, as well as demonstrating superior mechanical flexibility for wearable applications. Among various candidates for the next-generation information storage technology, resistive switching memories distinguish themselves with low power consumption, excellent downscaling potential, easy 3D stacking, and high CMOS compatibility, fulfilling key requirements for high-performance data storage. Employing organic and hybrid switching media in addition allows light weight and flexible integration of molecules with tunable device performance via molecular design-cum-synthesis strategy. In this review, we present a timely and comprehensive review of the recent advances in organic and hybrid resistive switching materials and devices, with particular attention on their design principles for electronic property tuning and flexible device performance. The current challenges posed with development of organic and hybrid resistive switching materials and flexible memory devices, together with their future perspectives, are also discussed.
关键词： flexible electronics,organic materials,resistive switching memories,nonvolatile storage,hybrid materials
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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[IEEE 2017 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM 2017) - Singapore (2017.12.4-2017.12.8)] GLOBECOM 2017 - 2017 IEEE Global Communications Conference - Polar Decomposition Based Hybrid Beamforming Design for mmWave Massive MIMO Systems
摘要： This paper considers hybrid beamforming (HBF) for the point-to-point (P2P) millimeter wave (mmWave) massive MIMO systems. The optimal hybrid precoding and combining matrices that maximizes the system capacity can be obtained based on the singular value decomposition (SVD) of the channel matrix. Then, the optimal unconstrained hybrid digital and analog precoders (combiners) are designed according to the polar decomposition of the optimal hybrid precoding (combining) matrix. Considering the actual hardware constraints, we propose a joint transmitter and receiver HBF algorithm based upon polar decomposition. In this algorithm, the hybrid analog constrained precoding and combining matrices can be derived without having to incur an excessive computational complexity of an iterative approach. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can approach the performance of optimal unconstrained precoding, and is insensitive to the accuracy of the channel state information (CSI).
关键词： spectral efficiency,polar decomposition,massive MIMO,Hybrid beamforming,millimeter wave
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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[IEEE 2018 15th International Conference on Smart Cities: Improving Quality of Life Using ICT & IoT (HONET-ICT) - Islamabad, Pakistan (2018.10.8-2018.10.10)] 2018 15th International Conference on Smart Cities: Improving Quality of Life Using ICT & IoT (HONET-ICT) - Two Dimensional Materials based Heterostructures for Photosensing Applications
摘要： Graphene (Gr) and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC) have wide scope in electronic and optoelectronic incredible optical and electrical properties. The study investigates the utilization of molybdenum disulfide-graphene (MoS2-Gr) hybrid field effect transistor (FET) as photosensor. The photo-current response of hybrid FET was studied for source-drain voltages(Vds) range from 1 to 5 V. The important optical figure of merits such as photoresponsivity (R(cid:2)) and external quantum efficiency (EQE) are calculated to evaluate the performance of FET. Enhancement in the optical performance of FET is observed. MoS2-Gr divulges high R(cid:2) (3.34×103 AW-1) while the EQE of hybrid FET (1.8×104) is higher than that of individual structures. This methodology of fabricating TMDCs-Gr based hybrid devices opens new doors for advances in highly efficient photosensor for sensing and optoelectronic applications.
关键词： external quantum efficiency,photoresponsivity,Gaphene,hybrid structure,molybednum disulfide
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Nanoscale Materials in Water Purification || Recent Progress in TiO2- and ZnO-Based Nanostructured Hybrid Photocatalysts for Water Purification and Hydrogen Generation
摘要： Energy and clean environmental conditions are the two basic requirements for the survival and progress of human civilization. The Industrial Revolution was a prime factor in the rapid development of human society. However, the industrial malpractices of waste disposal and extensive use of fossil fuels have led human society to face a number of challenges such as global warming, and water and air pollution. Also, the extensive use of pesticides in agriculture has led to high toxicity in soil and ground water, which can pose a big threat to human and wildlife [1]. A recent WHO report shows that about 3.7 million people globally die each year in the 21st century from the hazards of water and air pollution, and 92% of the world’s population still does not have access to pure water [2]. The fossil fuel resources are limited in their ability to cater to the energy demands of the growing world’s population and are on the verge of exhaustion in the near future. This has led to the fear of energy crises, which can prove fatal for human society. Hence, the search for an ultimate and clean energy source, as well as the development of technologies for the remediation of hazardous materials from the environment have become topics of high international concern. There have been several attempts to harness alternative energy sources such as wind, water tides, biomass and solar energy, etc., as well as to design methods for the remediation of environmental pollutants. Hence, the development of cleaner, low carbon, and sustainable technologies is a bigger challenge for scientists and engineers worldwide [3]. Some technologies have been developed to harness alternative energy sources, but these have proven either inefficient or too expensive. Also, efforts toward the removal of harmful environmental pollutants are either inefficient or have their own side effects [4]. Among renewable energy sources, solar energy is available in abundance and has the potential for overcoming current environmental impacts. However, its unavailability at night, and during rainy and foggy seasons make it difficult to properly harness. Hence, transforming energy from sunlight to the chemical energy of hydrogen through photocatalytic water splitting could be a more promising approach [5]. Solar energy is also gaining attention for water treatment. There have been a number of metal oxide-based photocatalysts prepared for degrading organic pollutants such as dyes and pesticides. This chapter stresses H2 generation through photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical water splitting and photocatalytic water treatment using two well-known photocatalysts, ZnO and TiO2.
关键词： ZnO,water purification,nanostructured hybrid photocatalysts,hydrogen generation,TiO2
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Integrated Whole Body MR/PET: Where Are We?
摘要： Whole body integrated magnetic resonance imaging (MR)/positron emission tomography (PET) imaging systems have recently become available for clinical use and are currently being used to explore whether the combined anatomic and functional capabilities of MR imaging and the metabolic information of PET provide new insight into disease phenotypes and biology, and provide a better assessment of oncologic diseases at a lower radiation dose than a CT. This review provides an overview of the technical background of combined MR/PET systems, a discussion of the potential advantages and technical challenges of hybrid MR/PET instrumentation, as well as collection of possible solutions. Various early clinical applications of integrated MR/PET are also addressed. Finally, the workflow issues of integrated MR/PET, including maximizing diagnostic information while minimizing acquisition time are discussed.
关键词： Positron emission tomography,MR/PET,Magnetic resonance imaging,Hybrid imaging
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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High-gravity-assisted scalable synthesis of zirconia nanodispersion for light emitting diodes encapsulation with enhanced light extraction efficiency
摘要： Zirconia-based hybrid polymers has become one of the ideal encapsulation material for light emitting diodes (LEDs) with high extraction efficiency due to their proper refractive index to those of semiconductor chips. However, the controlling of the dispersion for zirconia nanoparticles in polymeric hosts to obtain optically transparent hybrid nanocomposites has been one of the major challenges. Herein, we reported the synthesis of zirconia nanodispersion via high-gravity-assisted homogeneous precipitation in an internal circulation rotating packed bed (RPB) reactor followed by two-step modification. An alternative to conventional precipitation in batch stirred tank reactors (STR), the process intensification by high-gravity RPB results in homogeneous micromixing during the nucleation and growth of zirconia particles, which are benefit for continuous and reproducible production of ultrasmall zirconia nanoparticles. The obtained zirconia nanoparticles are purely cubic phase with narrow size-distribution in the range of 3–5 nm according to the X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy characterization, which were similarity to that by the conventional methods. Nevertheless, the average hydrodynamic diameters of zirconia nanoparticles in aqueous solutions obtained by RPB methods were much smaller than those prepared in conventional STR, which enabled easy control and surface modification for highly dispersed nanodispersion in organic solvents and/or polymeric hosts. After two-step surface modification, zirconia nanoparticles with goal-directed structures were obtained, with highly dispersity in various organic solvents (e.g. toluene, trichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, etc.) and aliphatic epoxy resin, forming transparent hybrid films with tunable refractive indexes. The preliminary applications of these zirconia nanodispersions for LEDs encapsulation were demonstrated. The light extraction efficiency of the LEDs devices packaged with zirconia/epoxy hybrid material increased by 10 percent when the doping content of zirconia nanoparticles was 0.2, compared to the devices encapsulated by original epoxy.
关键词： Rotating packed bed,Hybrid nanocomposite,Zirconia nanoparticles,LED encapsulation
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Enhanced thermal conductivity of MoS2/InSe-nanoparticles/MoS2 hybrid sandwich structure
摘要： MoS2 based hybrid structures have much attention due to their novel structures and potential applications in diverse areas, such as solar energy conversion, thermoelectric power generation and photo-transistors. In the present work, we have fabricated a novel sandwich structure of MoS2/InSe-nano-particles (NPs)/MoS2 layers on SiO2/Si substrate by a combination of chemical vapor deposition and physical vapor deposition methods. The morphology of these structures was also studied using scanning electron microscopy. In addition, we have also explored the thermal properties of these hybrid sandwich structures using temperature and power-dependent Raman spectroscopy. For MoS2/InSe-NPs/MoS2 sample, the first-order temperature coefficients of E1 2g and A1g modes were found to be (cid:1)0.01722 (cid:1)1/K, respectively, which are significantly large compared to MoS2 layers without InSe- and (cid:1)0.01575 cm NPs (i.e. MoS2/MoS2 sample). Further, the thermal conductivity of MoS2/InSe-NPs/MoS2 and MoS2/MoS2 samples on SiO2/Si substrate was extracted as ~102.3 and ~81.7 W/m-K, respectively. This work suggests an effective way to form a novel 2D-MoS2 based sandwich structure with semiconductor/metal-NPs; opening up a new scenario to understand the electronic structure of the hybrid structure, and the local strain introduced by NPs. Electron-phonon interactions at an interface can have significant effects on electrical/thermal transport through the optoelectronic devices.
关键词： Hybrid sandwich structure,Thermal conductivity,Raman spectroscopy,Tensile-strain
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Spatially-Controllable Hot Spots for Plasmon-Enhanced Second-Harmonic Generation in AgNP-ZnO Nanocavity Arrays
摘要： Plasmon-enhanced second-harmonic generation (PESHG) based on hybrid metal-dielectric nanostructures have extraordinary importance for developing efficient nanoscale nonlinear sources, which pave the way for new applications in photonic circuitry, quantum optics, and biosensors. However, the relatively high loss of excitation energies and the low spatial overlapping between the locally enhanced electromagnetic field and nonlinear materials still limit the promotion of nonlinear conversion performances in such hybrid systems. Here, we design and fabricate an array of silver nanoparticle-ZnO (AgNP-ZnO) nanocavities to serve as an efficient PESHG platform. The geometry of AgNP-ZnO nanocavity arrays provides a way to flexibly modulate hot spots in three-dimensional space, and to achieve a good mutual overlap of hot spots and ZnO material layers for realizing efficient SH photon generation originating from ZnO nanocavities. Compared to bare ZnO nanocavity arrays, the resulting hybrid AgNP-ZnO design of nanocavities reaches the maximum PESHG enhancement by a factor of approximately 31. Validated by simulations, we can further interpret the relative contribution of fundamental and harmonic modes to Ag-NP dependent PESHG performances, and reveal that the enhancement stems from the co-cooperation effect of plasmon-resonant enhancements both for fundamental and harmonic frequencies. Our findings offer a previously unreported method for designing efficient PESHG systems and pave a way for further understanding of a surface plasmon-coupled second-order emission mechanism for the enhancement of hybrid systems.
关键词： second-harmonic generation,hybrid nanostructure,finite-difference time-domain,plasmonics
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46