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Computational Speedups Using Small Quantum Devices
摘要： Suppose we have a small quantum computer with only M qubits. Can such a device genuinely speed up certain algorithms, even when the problem size is much larger than M? Here we answer this question to the affirmative. We present a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm to solve 3-satisfiability problems involving n ? M variables that significantly speeds up its fully classical counterpart. This question may be relevant in view of the current quest to build small quantum computers.
关键词： quantum computing,hybrid algorithm,computational speedup,3-satisfiability
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Nanochannel-Ionchannel Hybrid Device for Ultrasensitive Monitoring of Biomolecular Recognition Events
摘要： We propose an in-situ and label-free method for detection of biomolecular recognition event using nanochannel-ionchannel hybrid device integrated with an electrochemical detector. The aptamer is first immobilized on the outer surface of the nanochannel-ionchannel hybrid. Its binding with target thrombin in solution considerably regulates the mass transfer behavior of the device owing to the varied surface charge density and effective channel size. Using the electrochemical detector, the changed mass transport property can be in real-time monitored, which enables in-situ and label-free detection of thrombin-aptamer recognition. The solution pH has a significant influence on the detection sensitivity. Under optimal pH condition, the detection limit as low as 0.22 fM thrombin can be achieved, which is much lower than most reported work. The present nanofluidic device provides a simple, ultrasensitive and label-free platform for monitoring the biomolecular recognition events, which would hold great potential in exploring the biomolecules functions and reaction mechanism in the living systems.
关键词： nanofluidic,electrochemical detector,thrombin,nanochannel-ionchannel hybrid,biomolecular recognition
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Structural Characterization and Room Temperature Low Frequency Raman Scattering from MAPbI3 Halide Perovskite Films Rigidized by Cesium Incorporation
摘要： The structural instability of organometal halide perovskites (OHP) is one of the major issues concerning commercialization of perovskite solar cells. Probing this intrinsic instability is one of the major milestones and challenging tasks towards enhancing the lifespan of the material. Here we have incorporated Cs ions into methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) films and studied the thin film structural and optical properties. Incorporation of Cs into MAPbI3 leads to formation of both α-CsPbI3 and ?-CsPbI3 phases, black and yellow respectively, as indicated by the evolution of the optical band edge and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum. At a concentration of 20% Cs ions, we observe existence of a stable α-CsPbI3 phase. Incorporating 59% or more Cs ions yields the yellow phase of CsPbI3, due to alloying of Cs with the MAPbI3 matrix. The structural transformations observed in absorption spectra and XRD are confirmed by Low Frequency Raman Spectroscopy. The thermally induced structural fluctuations in pure MAPbI3 films are damped upon Cs incorporation, thus bringing long range stabilized order to the perovskite structure and enabling for the first time observation of Low Frequency Raman Scattering at room temperature for OHPs. In addition to this, Cs incorporation rigidizes the perovskite film and sharpens all low frequency vibrational peaks.
关键词： Cesium incorporation,Low Frequency Raman,Perovskite Stability,Phonon Damping,Hybrid Perovskite
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Hybrid global maximum power point tracking algorithm under partial shading condition
摘要： This paper presents a hybrid global maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm under partial shading conditions, which consists of five methods, including the global scanning method, the filtering method, the binary searching method, the three-point method, and the anti-restarting method. By making full use of the advantages of these methods, the proposed algorithm is able to improve tracking speed and efficiency, decrease oscillation, and avoid restarting. Among which, the global scanning method is used to find all the local intervals, the filtering method is used to reduce the search area, the binary searching method is used to reduce the search time, the three-point method is used to track the global maximum power point dynamically, and the anti-restarting method is used to prevent restarting the algorithm. To verify the proposed algorithm, experiments have been carried out in a standard environment, dynamic solar irradiation, and dynamic temperature, respectively. The performance of the proposed algorithm is verified by comparing it with a perturb and observe (P&O) based global scanning MPPT method and a modified P&O with checking MPPT method using computer simulations.
关键词： MPPT,global maximum power point tracking,photovoltaic systems,partial shading condition,hybrid algorithm,solar energy
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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[IEEE 2018 10th International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCSP) - Hangzhou, China (2018.10.18-2018.10.20)] 2018 10th International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCSP) - Achievable Rate of Indoor THz Communication Systems with Finite-Bit ADCs
摘要： In this paper, the achievable rate of the downlink terahertz (THz) communication systems equipped with finite-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) at user sides is investigated. Considering the array of subarray antenna structure, the hybrid precoding with the maximum ratio transmission (MRT) and zero-forcing (ZF) precoding are applied at the baseband. The closed-form expression of the lower bound of the achievable rate is derived when the number of subarray antennas goes to infinity. It is shown that the coarse quantization distortion cannot be ignored in large antenna subarray regime. On the other hand, the rate loss caused by the phase uncertainties can be negligible in large subarray antenna regime. Overall, the impact of quantized receivers on the performance of indoor THz communication systems is characterized.
关键词： finite-bit ADCs,hybrid precoding,Terahertz communication,phase uncertainties,achievable rate
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Investigation of low temperature bonding process using indium bumps
摘要： Hybrid pixel detector modules are state of the art components of X-ray cameras in synchrotron radiation experiments. Temperature-sensitive, high-Z sensor materials like Germanium, Cadmium-Telluride, Cadmium-Zinc-Telluride and MCT-sensors require an especially low temperature bonding process. The investigation presented in this paper focuses on a low temperature compression bonding process using a ductile bump material, like indium, and a dedicated UBM surface that is able to form intermetallic compounds with this bump metal. The test samples are based on a test chip design with the size of the MEDIPIX3 readout chip and an identical number of bumps, arranged in a 256 × 256 bump matrix with 55 μm pitch in X- and Y-directions. In addition to the indium bumped test chip, two typical UBM-pad configurations were investigated on the corresponding interconnect side: a pad-defined electroplated Ni-Au-UBM and a passivation opening-defined, PVD-deposited NiV-Au pad. Daisy chain structures, 4-Point-probe resistance measurement structures and isolation test structures were implemented to characterize the influence of bonding pressure, bonding temperature and dwell time of bonding pressure on the electrical interconnection resistance. Good bonding results and a corresponding minimum electrical resistance of daisy chains and individual interconnects were achieved at temperatures of 80?C and 100?C. A minimum bonding pressure of 3.2 MPa was necessary to achieve reliable bonding results. Daisy chain failures occurred especially in the corner of the chips. After electrical characterization, pull tests were performed to investigate the corresponding bonding area. Pull test results showed a larger bonding area for the pad-defined, electroplated UBM pad configuration in comparison to the passivation opening defined bonding pad.
关键词： Hybrid detectors,X-ray detectors,Solid state detectors
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE Radio and Antenna Days of the Indian Ocean (RADIO) - Mauritius (2018.10.15-2018.10.18)] 2018 IEEE Radio and Antenna Days of the Indian Ocean (RADIO) - High Gain Fractal Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antenna for UWB Application
摘要： In this paper, a novel Fractal Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antenna (FCDRA) is presented for Ultra-Wide Band applications is constructed by 300, 600, 1200 angular portion of cylinder with radius ratio (1:2:3). Stacking of Rogers 3010 (εr =10.2) and FR- 4 (εr =4.4) dielectric materials are used in proposed antenna for enhancement of the bandwidth. This fractal geometry offers 9.2 GHz operating bandwidth which spans from 3.6 GHz – 12.8 GHz. Proposed antenna attains maximum gain of 9.45 dBi with more than 89% efficiency which is suitable for satellite communication, WiMAX application. Hybrid Electromagnetic HE11δ, HE12δ modes are identified at 4.43 GHz & 8.31 GHz resonant frequencies respectively.
关键词： WiMAX,FR-4,Rogers 3010,satellite communication,Fractal Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antenna,Ultra-Wide Band,Hybrid Electromagnetic modes
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Hybrid PV and wind grid-connected renewable energy system to reduce the gas emission and operation cost
摘要： This paper presents the methodology and results of the simulation and optimization of a hybrid renewable energy system for supply to a workstation reducing the gas emissions and the operation costs, so that to determinate the optimal system. The fundamentals equations used to estimate the operational costs are presented. The software used to simulate and optimize the purposed system is HOMER Pro?, this software can simulate energy systems with renewable fractions and optimize those systems to obtain the best system to use. In addition, the hybrid PV/Wind system replace 23.01 % of the grid purchases when they are working in parallel, the hybrid PV/Wind system take a reduction of the 12.46 % annual operation cost over the 100% of grid purchased and 9.3 % of the total operation cost over the 100% of the grid purchased. Finally, it can be concluded that the use of renewable energy systems takes greatest reductions on the supply systems if it takes the optimal design to develop the supply system.
关键词： Renewable energy systems,Hybrid PV & Wind system,Energy management system,Gas emissions
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Enhancement of Localization Systems in NLOS Urban Scenario with Multipath Ray Tracing Fingerprints and Machine Learning
摘要： A hybrid technique is proposed to enhance the localization performance of a time difference of arrival (TDOA) deployed in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) suburban scenario. The idea was to use Machine Learning framework on the dataset, produced by the ray tracing simulation, and the Channel Impulse Response estimation from the real signal received by each sensor. Conventional localization techniques mitigate errors trying to avoid NLOS measurements in processing emitter position, while the proposed method uses the multipath fingerprint information produced by ray tracing (RT) simulation together with calibration emitters to refine a Machine Learning engine, which gives an extra layer of information to improve the emitter position estimation. The ray-tracing fingerprints perform the target localization embedding all the reflection and diffraction in the propagation scenario. A validation campaign was performed and showed the feasibility of the proposed method, provided that the buildings can be appropriately included in the scenario description.
关键词： time difference of arrival localization,machine learning,cooperative positioning,multipath exploitation,hybrid positioning,ray tracing fingerprints,wireless positioning
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Hybrid anatomo-functional imaging of coronary artery disease: Beneficial irrespective of its core components
摘要： Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common and important cause of ischemic heart disease, with major implications on global morbidity and mortality. Non-invasive testing is crucial in the diagnostic and prognostic work-up of patients with or at risk of CAD, and also to guide decision making in terms of pharmacologic and revascularization therapy. The traditional paradigm is to view anatomic (i.e., coronary computed tomography) and functional imaging (e.g., myocardial perfusion scintigraphy) tests as opposing alternatives. Such approach is too reductionist and does not capitalize on the strengths of each type of test while risking to overlook the inherent limitations. The combination of anatomic and functional tests in a logic of hybrid imaging holds the promise of overcoming the limitations inherent to anatomic and functional testing, enabling more accurate diagnosis, prognosis, and guidance for revascularization in patients with CAD.
关键词： hybrid imaging,single-photon emission computed tomography,computed tomography,Coronary artery disease
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14