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[IEEE IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Valencia, Spain (2018.7.22-2018.7.27)] IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Fast and Easy Integration and Classification of Hyperspectral Optical and Thermal Data: A Mineral Mapping Case Study
摘要： Independent spectral analysis is usually employed to analyse hyperspectral optical (visible: VIS, near infrared: NIR, shortwave infrared: SWIR) and thermal (longwave infrared: LWIR) data. The integration of the spectral information provided by different wavelength ranges and the subsequent complex classification still remains challenging. In this paper we will demonstrate the benefits of mineral classification employed to optical and thermal hyperspectral data (CASI and SASI: 0.4-2.5 μm; TASI: 8.6-11.5 μm) when using new tools (QUANTools) developed at the Czech Geological Survey (CGS). In this case study, the same approach was employed as published by Kopa?ková and Koucká (2017) [1], however, previously hyperspectral optical data were used together with multispectral long-wave infrared (LWIR) data. In this paper we demonstrate that the new concept, which was recently introduced, can be directly employed to CASI/SASI/TASI hyperspectral datasets and provide results in terms of mineral classification in a quick and easy way.
关键词： mineral mapping,optical spectral region,CASI,data integration,imaging spectroscopy,TASI,SASI,thermal infrared spectral region
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Reflectance-Based Imaging Spectrometer Error Budget Field Practicum at the Railroad Valley Test Site, Nevada [Technical Committees]
摘要： Calibration and validation determine the quality and integrity of the data provided by sensors and have enormous downstream impacts on the accuracy and reliability of the products generated by these sensors. With the imminent launch of the next generation of spaceborne imaging spectroscopy sensors, the IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society’s (GRSS’s) Geoscience Spaceborne Imaging Spectroscopy Technical Committee (GSIS TC) initiated a calibration and validation initiative. This article reports on a recent reflectance-based imaging spectrometer error budget field practicum focused on radiometric calibration of spaceborne imaging spectroscopy sensors. The field exercise, conducted at Railroad Valley in Nevada, provided valuable training for personnel in a variety of Earth observation (EO) areas, from engineers developing future sensors to calibration scientists actively working in the field.
关键词： validation,radiometric calibration,imaging spectroscopy,calibration,vicarious calibration
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Performance study of spectroscopic DEPFET arrays with a pixel-wise storage functionality
摘要： To maintain a good spectral performance even at high readout speeds, active pixel sensors like the DEPFET need to be equipped with a storage functionality. Enhancing the frame rate to its limit — the readout time per pixel itself — the charge collection and the readout need to be separated spatially to avoid a signi?cant degradation of the spectral performance. One implementation of a storage concept is the In?nipix DEPFET. The most promising In?nipix variant was investigated in greater detail to study the spectral performance for an array of 32 × 32 pixels. This includes the characterization of the temperature dependence and the contributions of the di?erent noise components. With an optimal set of temperature and timing parameters, a spectrum taken with an iron-55 source was analyzed with high statistics and the energy response for di?erent X-ray photon energies was evaluated.
关键词： X-ray detectors and telescopes,Imaging spectroscopy,Solid state detectors,Detector design and construction technologies and materials
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Rembrandt's <i>An Old Man in Military Costume</i> : Combining hyperspectral and MA-XRF imaging to understand how two paintings were painted on a single panel
摘要： Over the past several decades the painting An Old Man in Military Costume by Rembrandt Harmensz van Rijn (ca. 1630–31; J. Paul Getty Museum, 78.PB.246) has been the subject of a number of investigations carried out in order to better visualize a second painting beneath the surface figure. The underlying image – the head and shoulders of a man wearing a cloak – is oriented 180 degrees from the upper image and appears to be fairly complete. Scanning macro x-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy reveals the face is painted with lead white and a mercury-(likely vermilion), and the cloak is painted with a copper-containing pigment. Following the revelation and digital color reconstruction of the underlying figure, a number of questions still remained. Here, through the use of infrared reflectance imaging spectroscopy (i.e., hyperspectral imaging) and macro-XRF imaging spectroscopy, together with cross-sections taken from targeted areas, the sequence of painting in both compositions was explored. Of particular interest was the discovery of evidence of multiple attempts to situate the lower figure, and the subsequent application of a blocking-out layer over the lower figure before the artist rotated the panel and executed the upper figure. In addition, examination of the placement of the two images on the panel adds to our understanding of the subtle complexities of Rembrandt’s working process.
关键词： re-use of painting supports,Early Rembrandt,infrared reflectance imaging spectroscopy,X-ray fluorescence imaging spectroscopy
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Recent Progress and Developments in Imaging Spectroscopy
摘要： The Special Issue (SI) on “Recent Progress and Developments in Imaging Spectroscopy” is a collection of contributions presented at the 10th Workshop of the European Association of Remote Sensing Laboratories (EARSeL) Special Interest Group on Imaging Spectroscopy (SIG IS), which took place at the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, between 19 and 21 April 2017. Moreover, the SI was equally open to the global research community actively involved in imaging spectroscopy. EARSeL’s Special Interest Group on Imaging Spectroscopy aims at encouraging interdisciplinary discussions among specialists working with innovative Earth observation methods and technologies. With its 10th workshop in April 2017, the EARSeL SIG IS workshop series celebrated its 20th anniversary, building on the legacy of nine successful previous workshops, whereas the ?rst one took place at the University of Zurich back in 1998.
关键词： Remote Sensing,Imaging Spectroscopy,Earth Observation,EARSeL SIG IS
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Laue lens for astrophysics: Extensive comparison between mosaic, curved, and quasi-mosaic crystals
摘要： With the aim of concentrating hard X- and γ-rays coming from celestial sources in the 100–1000 keV energy range, the concept of Laue lens was introduced more than 50 years ago. Crystals are the core of a Laue lens, since they focus the incoming X-rays through Bragg di?raction. For concrete applications, crystals characterized by high di?raction re?ectivity are needed along with high-resolution focusing of di?racted photons. Here, an extensive comparison of the types of crystals proposed so far is presented. In order to quantify the focusing capability of a Laue lens based on these crystals, a simulation of a single-ring Laue lens based on the considered optical elements is presented. Finally, the breakthrough in the panorama of di?racting crystals is discussed.
关键词： techniques: high angular resolution – telescopes – techniques: imaging spectroscopy
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Image restoration of solar spectra
摘要： Context. When recording spectra from the ground, atmospheric turbulence causes degradation of the spatial resolution. Aims. We present a data reduction method that restores the spatial resolution of the spectra to their undegraded state. Methods. By assuming that the point spread function (PSF) estimated from a strictly synchronized, broadband slit-jaw camera is the same as the PSF that spatially degraded the spectra, we can quantify what linear combination of undegraded spectra is present in each degraded data point. Results. The set of equations obtained in this way is found to be generally well-conditioned and sufficiently diagonal to be solved using an iterative linear solver. The resulting solution has regained a spatial resolution comparable to that of the restored slit-jaw images. Conclusions. We have developed a new image restoration method for the restoration of ground-based spectral data over a large field of view. The method builds on the PSF information recovered by the MOMFBD code and typically reaches a spatial resolution comparable to that of the broadband slit-jaw images used to recover the PSF.
关键词： techniques: imaging spectroscopy,instrumentation: high angular resolution,techniques: spectroscopic,instrumentation: spectrographs,methods: numerical,techniques: image processing
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Characterizing HR?3549?B using SPHERE
摘要： Aims. In this work, we characterize the low-mass companion of the A0 field star HR 3549. Methods. We observed HR 3549B in imaging mode with the near-infrared branch (IFS and IRDIS) of SPHERE at the VLT, with IFS in Y J mode and IRDIS in the H band. We also acquired a medium-resolution spectrum with the IRDIS long-slit spectroscopy mode. The data were reduced using the dedicated SPHERE GTO pipeline, which is custom-designed for this instrument. We employed algorithms such as PCA and TLOCI to reduce the speckle noise. Results. The companion was clearly visible with both IRDIS and IFS. We obtained photometry in four different bands and also the astrometric position for the companion. Based on our astrometry, we confirm that it is a bound object and set constraints on its orbit. Although several uncertainties still remain, we estimate an age of ～100–150 Myr for this system, yielding a most probable mass for the companion of 40–50 MJup and Teff ～ 2300?2400 K. Compared with template spectra, this points to a spectral type between M9 and L0 for the companion, commensurate with its position on the color–magnitude diagram.
关键词： techniques: imaging spectroscopy,planetary systems,methods: data analysis,instrumentation: spectrographs
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Flight Considerations and Hyperspectral Image Classifications for Dryland Vegetation Management from a Fixed-wing UAS
摘要： Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS)-based hyperspectral remote sensing capabilities developed by the Idaho National Lab and Boise Center Aerospace Lab were tested via demonstration flights that explored the influence of altitude on geometric error, image mosaicking, and dryland vegetation classification. The motivation for this study was to better understand the challenges associated with UAS-based hyperspectral data for distinguishing native grasses such as Sandberg bluegrass (Poa secunda) from invasives such as burr buttercup (Ranunculus testiculatus) in a shrubland environment. The test flights successfully acquired usable images. Unsupervised flightline data capable of supporting classifiable composite classification results support vegetation management objectives that rely on mapping shrub cover and distribution patterns. However, supervised classifications performed poorly despite spectral separability in the image-derived endmember pixels. In many cases, the supervised classifications accentuated noise or features in the mosaic that were artifacts of color balancing and feathering in areas of flightline overlap. Future UAS flight missions that optimize flight planning; minimize illumination differences between flightlines; and leverage ground reference data and time series analysis should be able to effectively distinguish native grasses such as Sandberg bluegrass from burr buttercup.
关键词： Management,Unmanned,Imaging spectroscopy,Sagebrush,Monitoring,Hyperspectral,drones,Fixed-wing,Vegetation
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Case study of spatial and temporal variability of snow cover, grain size, albedo and radiative forcing in the Sierra Nevada and Rocky Mountain snowpack derived from imaging spectroscopy
摘要： Quantifying the spatial distribution and temporal change in mountain snow cover, microphysical and optical properties is important to improve our understanding of the local energy balance and the related snowmelt and hydrological processes. In this paper, we analyze changes of snow cover, optical-equivalent snow grain size (radius), snow albedo and radiative forcing by light-absorbing impurities in snow and ice (LAISI) with respect to terrain elevation and aspect at multiple dates during the snowmelt period. These snow properties are derived from the NASA/JPL Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data from 2009 in California’s Sierra Nevada and from 2011 in Colorado’s Rocky Mountains, USA.
关键词： snow cover,grain size,Sierra Nevada,Rocky Mountains,imaging spectroscopy,radiative forcing,albedo
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14