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Luminescent TOP Nanosensors for Simultaneously Measuring Temperature, Oxygen, and pH at a Single Excitation Wavelength
摘要： Two nanosensors for simultaneous optical measurements of the bioanalytically and biologically relevant analytes temperature (“T”), oxygen (“O”), and pH (“P”) have been designed. These “TOP” nanosensors are based on 100 nm-sized silica-coated polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-NPs) doped with a near infrared emissive oxygen- and temperature-sensitive chromium(III) complex ([Cr(ddpd)2][BPh4]3, CrBPh4) and an inert reference dye (Nile Red, NR or 5,10,15,20-tetrakis-(pentafluorophenyl) porphyrin, TFPP) and are covalently labeled with pH-sensitive fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC). These emitters can be excited at the same wavelength and reveal spectrally distinguishable emission bands allowing for ratiometric intensity-based and time-resolved studies in the visible and near infrared wavelength region. Studies in PBS buffer solutions and in a model body liquid demonstrate the applicability of these nanosensors for the sensitive fluorescence readout of TOP simultaneously at the same position.
关键词： lifetime,fluorescence,chromium(III) complex,oxygen/pH/temperature biosensor,optical multianalyte nanosensors,phosphorescence
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Inkjet-printed phosphorescent Iridium(III) complex based paper sensor for highly selective detection of Hg2+
摘要： First of its kind inkjet-printed phosphorescent Iridium(III) complex [Ir(TPQ)2(4-EO2-pic)] paper based chemosensor has been developed for Hg2+ ions. The probe is highly selective towards mercury analyte over other metal ions (Cu2+, Ca2+, Co2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Al3+, Fe3+, La3+, Ag+, K+, Na+ and Li+). [Ir(TPQ)2(4-EO2-pic)] complex solution gave a visible color change from orange to yellow and significant phosphorescence quenching. Upon addition of aqueous Hg2+, the [Ir(TPQ)2(4-EO2-pic)] inkjet-printed paper gave a significant color change in both normal and UV light. The detection limit was found out as 1.78 × 10-8 M. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies were conducted to explore the further utility of [Ir(TPQ)2(4-EO2-pic)] as electrochemical sensor for Hg2+ ions in CH3CN / H2O (v/v = 1/1). The oxidation wave intensity of [Ir(TPQ)2(4-EO2-pic)] at 0.98 V decreased and new reversible oxidation wave was appeared at 0.91 V The binding ratio of the [Ir(TPQ)2(4-EO2-pic)]-Hg2+ complex was determined to be 1:1 according to the Job’s Plot. The probable binding modes of these [Ir(TPQ)2(4-EO2-pic)] with Hg2+ have also been suggested on the basis of the 1H-NMR titration, absorption and luminescence studies.
关键词： Phosphorescent,Iridium(III) complex,Inkjet-printed,Paper sensor,Hg2+ detection
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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850 nm Pure Near-Infrared Emitting Iridium Complex for Solution-processed Organic Light-Emitting Diodes
摘要： High-performance pure near-infrared organic light-emitting materials and devices with full emission over 700 nm are still rare, though urgently needed. Iridium(III) complexes have been proven to be an important class of NIR emitters. Herein, we report a new NIR homoleptic Ir(III) complex, tris[1,4-di(5-n-octylthiophen-2-yl)benzo[g]phthalazine] iridium(III) (Ir(dotbpa)3), with full emission beyond 700 nm and Iridium mass content as low as 10 wt%. Thanks to the introduction of flexible n-octyl groups, Ir(dotbpa)3 shows greatly improved solubility and excellent solution-processability in comparison with its counterpart Ir(dtbpa)3. By employing a multifunctional host, solution-processed NIR-OLEDs were fabricated with a simple structure of only three organic layers and demonstrated pure NIR emission starting from 725 nm and peaking at 850 nm with maximum external quantum efficiency of 0.17%, which is the first example to achieve pure NIR-OLEDs based on Ir(III) emitters.
关键词： Pure NIR emission,Near-infrared,Solution-processed,Iridium(III) complex,Organic light-emitting diodes
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Recent progress in phosphorescent Ir(III) complexes for nondoped organic light-emitting diodes
摘要： Highly efficient phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) with simple configuration as well as low cost fabrication process have attracted much interest for both academic researches and commercial endeavors. This review provides an update on recent advances in the development Ir(III) complexes and their applications in nondoped PHOLEDs fabricated by both vacuum deposition and solution-processed approaches. The modification of chemical structures of the small molecular Ir(III) complexes and dendrimers through incorporating multiple functional moieties could effectively adjust the optical and electronic characters. These complexes typically possess reduced intermolecular aggregation, various hole and electron transporting abilities so that high-performance nondoped PHOLEDs can be developed. The corresponding structural, optical, electronic, photophysical as well as the EL properties in different colors over the whole spectral region are surveyed and highlighted. In the end, the perspectives of the development for the further trend are presented, hopefully to provide useful guidance for the research on highly efficient Ir(III) complexes and corresponding nondoped PHOLEDs.
关键词： Organic light-emitting diode,Ir(III) complex,Nondoped devices,Phosphorescence
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Diastereoselective Photooxidation and Reduction of Chiral Iridium(III) Complexes
摘要： A diastereoselective photooxidation of α-amino acid (AA) complexes into imino acid complexes using a chiral iridium(III) complex as a photosensitizer and stereo-controller under visible light irradiation and oxygen was developed. It was found that the oxidative rate of Δ-[Ir(pq)2(L-AA)] (pq is 2-phenylquinoline) diastereomer is significantly higher than that of the corresponding Δ-[Ir(pq)2(D-AA)] diastereomer, providing a new protocol for kinetic resolution of AAs via a nonenzymatic pathway. Moreover, the thermodynamic controlled strategy offered a complemental method for the diastereoselective hydrogenation of imine bonds using NaBH4 as a reductant under the chiral Ir(III) complex as a stereo-controller. The combination of diastereoselective photooxidation and reduction processes results in a new protocol for deracemization of α-amino acids under mild conditions. Mechanism study strongly indicates that singlet oxygen is a key participant in the reaction and the α-C?H bond cleavage of AAs is the rate-determining step.
关键词： kinetic resolution,diastereoselective photooxidation,chiral iridium(III) complex,deracemization,α-amino acids
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Efficient yellow OLEDs based on bis-tridentate iridium(III) complexes with two C∧N∧N-coordinating ligands
摘要： Four bis-tridentate iridium(III) complexes with two different C∧N∧N-coordinating ligands have been synthesized and characterized. All complexes exhibited yellow/orange emission peaking at 580–604 nm with short lifetimes of 1.4–1.6 μs and medium photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) of 31%–53%. These complexes exhibit good thermal stability with decomposition temperature (Td) exceeding 310 ℃. The luminescence efficiency and thermal stability of iridium complexes were improved by the m-substituted CF3 groups. As a result, complex 2 exhibited the highest PLQYs of 0.53 and Td of 348 ℃. The OLEDs based on complex 2 showed good performances. The device at 2% doping concentration showed a maximum current efficiency of 36.4 cd A-1, power efficiency of 29.1 lm W-1 and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 14.4%. These results suggest that these complexes have potential for the application in high-efficiency OLEDs.
关键词： C∧N∧N-coordinating ligands,OLEDs,Cyclometalation,Bis-tridentate iridium(III) complex
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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The one-pot synthesis of homoleptic phenylphthalazine iridium(III) complexes and their application in high efficiency OLEDs
摘要： A series of homoleptic cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes bearing a 1-phenylphthalazine framework have been synthesized with a facile one-pot method and characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction. All complexes exhibited orange or red emission peaks at 583–623 nm with short lifetimes of 1.3–2.6 μs and high photoluminescence quantum yields of 41%–82%. These complexes exhibit good thermal stability with high Td of 275–394 °C. The electronic states and orbital distributions of these iridium (III) complexes were studied by density functional theory. These complexes were used as emissive materials in Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The device based on 2 gave a peak current efficiency and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 35.1 cd A?1 and 21.2%, respectively. The color coordinates of device based on 3 fully meet that of standard red of the National Television Standards Committee (NTSC). These results suggest that homoleptic phenylphthalazine iridium (III) complexes have potential application as efficient emitters in OLEDs.
关键词： One-pot reaction,OLEDs,Phenylphthalazine,Homoleptic cyclometalated iridium(III) complex
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Human-eyes-friendly white electroluminescence from solution-processable hybrid OLEDs exploiting new iridium (III) complex containing benzoimidazophenanthridine ligand
摘要： This paper primarily deals with the development of highly efficient phosphorescent iridium (III) complex based on benzoimidazophenanthridine as main ligand. The potential of this complex, as phosphorescent emitter for optoelectronic applications, was screened by different methods, including luminescence spectrometry, cyclic voltammetry, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry as well as photoelectron emission spectrometry. The possible application of the developed complex in single-colour vacuum-deposited organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) exhibiting warm orange electrophosphorescence was demonstrated. The device was characterized with CIE1931 colour coordinates of (0.539, 0.459), colour temperature of 2088 K and maximum external quantum efficiency of 17.5 %. Good performance in OLEDs can be partly explained by efficient orange phosphorescence with quantum yield of 60 % at room temperature. This paper also deals with the development of white hybrid solution-processable organic light-emitting devices, exploiting ultralow concentration of newly synthesized iridium (III) complex as phosphorescent dopant in combination with blue fluorescencent emitter(host), and green emitter exhibiting thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter. It was designed and fabricated by spin coating white hybrid devices, and was characterized by high quality (human-eyes-friendly) electroluminescence achieving CIE1931 coordinates of (0.335, 0.392), colour temperature of 2910K and colour rendering index of 72 as well as high maximum external quantum efficiency of 8.7 %.
关键词： external quantum efficiency,electrophosphorescence,phosphorescent iridium (III) complex,benzoimidazophenanthridine,white hybrid OLEDs,solution-processable,organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs)
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Iridium(III) Complex-based Activatable Probe for Phosphorescent/Time-gated Luminescent Sensing and Imaging of Cysteine in Mitochondria of Live Cells and Animals
摘要： This study reports an activatable iridium(III) complex probe for phosphorescence/time-guminescence detection of cysteine (Cys) in vitro and in vivo. The probe, [Ir(ppy)2(NTY-bpy)](PF6), is developed by incorporating a strong electron withdrawing group, nitroolefin, into a bipyridine ligand of the Ir(III) complex. The luminescence of the probe is quenched due to the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) process, but switched on by a specific recognition reaction between the probe and Cys. [Ir(ppy)2(NTY-bpy)](PF6) shows high sensitivity and selectivity for Cys detection and good biocompatibility. The long-lived emission of [Ir(ppy)2(NTY-bpy)](PF6) allows time-gated luminescence analysis of Cys in cells and human sera. These properties make it convenient for the phosphorescence and time-gated luminescence imaging and flow cytometry analysis of Cys in live samples. The Cys images in cancer cells and inflamed macrophage cells reveal that [Ir(ppy)2(NTY-bpy)](PF6) is distributed in mitochondria after cellular internalization. Visualizations and flow cytometry analysis of mitochondrial Cys levels and Cys-mediated redox activities of live cells are achieved. Using [Ir(ppy)2(NTY-bpy)](PF6) as a probe, in vivo sensing and imaging of Cys in D. magna, zebrafish, and mice are then demonstrated.
关键词： Sensing and Imaging,Time-gated luminescence,Iridium(III) complex,Cysteine,Phosphorescence
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Synthesis, characterization and optical properties of novel Ir(III) complexes bearing N-heterocycle substituents
摘要： A series of cationic heteroleptic Ir(III) complexes with different N-heterocycle groups (N-phenothiazinyl, N-indolyl, N-carbazolyl, 3,6-di-tert-butyl-N-carbazolyl) were synthesized and characterized. The photophysical properties of these complexes were systematically investigated. All complexes exhibit strong 1π-π* absorption bands in the UV region and broad 1MLCT absorption bands in the visible region. In addition, these complexes exhibit weak absorption after 500 nm, which could be attributed to 3π,π*/3CT transition. All complexes exhibit broad and structureless emission bands from 568 nm to 627 nm at room temperature, which are originated from 3MLCT/3LLCT excited states. The electron donating substituents attached on the 2-phenylpyridine ligands cause a pronounced red-shift of the emission band. Except 1d, all complexes show strong triplet transient absorptions from UV to visible region, which were assigned to the 3MLCT/3π,π* excited state. In addition, complexes 1a-1c all exhibit reverse saturable absorption (RSA) at 532 nm, which follows the trend of 1a>1b>1c. The photophysical properties of these Ir(III) complexes can be influenced drastically by the substituents on 2-phenylpyridine ligands, which would be useful for rational design of optical functional materials.
关键词： Nonlinear absorption,Synthesis,N-heterocycle,Photophysics property,Ir(III) complex
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46