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Implementation of agrophotovoltaics: Techno-economic analysis of the price-performance ratio and its policy implications
摘要： Rising demand for solar power generation will lead to increased land use competition, and thus to potential economic and social conflict. A solution to this challenge is to produce food and energy within an agrophotovoltaics (APV) system. Since 2017, governments in Japan, France, Massachusetts (USA), South Korea, and China have introduced policies supporting APV implementation. Governments considering APV implementation – e.g. in India and Germany – for evidence-based policy making are demanding information on how levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of APV differs from that of conventional ground-mounted photovoltaics (PV), as well as on how additional costs associated with APV installation relate to the benefit of maintaining agricultural activity under APV. Data for a techno-economic price-performance ratio calculation has been retrieved from an inter- and transdisciplinary APV case study in Germany. We observed that the LCOE of APV with €0.0828 kWh?1 is 38% higher than that of ground-mounted PV, resulting in an annual cropland preservation price of €9,052 ha?1 a?1. The annual revenue of potato and winter wheat production under APV resulted in a performance of €10,707 ha?1 a?1 and €1,959 ha?1 a?1 respectively, leading to a beneficial price-performance ratio of 0.85 for potato production and, with a ratio of 4.62, a disadvantageous result for winter wheat. Overall, APV is not necessarily recommended in crop rotating systems. However, in combination with permanent cultures – e.g. berries, fruits, or wine grapes – as the price for these types of applications is lower, while at the same time providing higher performance by optimizing techno-ecological synergies.
关键词： Evidence-based policy making,Levelized cost of electricity,Innovation and new development in energy technology,Energy policies and technology assessment,Price-performance ratio,Agrophotovoltaics/agrivoltaic
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Investigation on Industrial Screen-Printed Aluminum Point Contact and Its Application in n-PERT Rear Junction Solar Cells
摘要： As compared with the traditional back surface field (BSF) solar cells, the n-type passivated emitter rear and totally diffused rear-junction (n-PERT-RJ) solar cells have much lower carrier recombination losses on their rear sides. In order to obtain more benefits (higher open-circuit voltages) from the currently passivated rear sides, the implementation of the point contact concept is an intuitive solution. In this article, we present industrial screen-printed point contacts that are metallized with aluminum (Al) pastes containing silicon additives (Si-add). To understand the impacts of the Si-add on the performance our n-PERT-RJ solar cells, the detailed loss analysis on the open-circuit voltage (VOC), short-circuit current density (JSC), and fill factor are performed separately. The effect of Si-add and pitch of laser contact openings (LCO) on the point contact characteristics are also investigated. In the last part, we introduce an innovative “point-line” contact concept on the rear side, which is composed of dot-shaped LCO and Al metal finger design, resulting in an n-PERT-RJ solar cell to reach VOC of 692 mV and peak efficiency of 22%. The 60% bifaciality of the device opens the way for an additional power output on module level, which further reduces the levelized cost of electricity. These features make the rear-side point contact design more flexible to be applied in industrial mass production.
关键词： laser contact opening (LCO),levelized cost of electricity,Aluminum (Al) paste,n-type passivated emitter rear and totally diffused (n-PERT),bifaciality,silicon solar cell,industrial,point contacts,screen printed,n-type,rear junction
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) - Baltimore, MD, USA (2019.9.29-2019.10.3)] 2019 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) - Levelized-Cost-of-Electricity-Driven Design Optimization for Medium-Voltage Transformerless Photovoltaic Converters
摘要： Design approaches for power electronics are typically focused on efficiency and power density; however, these strategies do not guarantee cost optimality in any well-defined sense. To overcome this shortcoming, we propose a design framework that yields circuit parameters that minimize the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of a generation system. LCOE serves as a meaningful metric since it captures total lifetime costs — including hardware, balance of system, and maintenance costs — and includes the impacts of power conversion efficiency and revenue from harvested energy. To obtain a tractable design problem, we formulate an approximate LCOE improvement model that quantifies the changes in LCOE resulting from a candidate converter design. We apply this framework to a multilevel cascaded topology for low-voltage dc to medium-voltage ac conversion without line-frequency transformers. An example 200 kW commercial-scale system is studied and the solution yields a design with 15 cascaded stages, 98.01% efficiency, and an LCOE reduction of 2.0%.
关键词： design optimization,multilevel converters,levelized cost of electricity
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Economic and performance evaluation of grid-connected residential solar photovoltaic systems in Northwest China
摘要： The purpose of the study is to assess and compare the economy and performance of a hypothetical 5 kWp grid-connected residential solar photovoltaic (PV) system with and without batteries in Northwest China. The performance and economic analysis of the grid-connected residential PV system in five locations (Xi’an, Lanzhou, Xining, Yinchuan, and Urumqi) of different Northwest China has been performed through System Advisor Model (SAM) software developed by National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) using the typical meteorological year (TMY) data of EnergyPlus weather database. The results indicate that the feasible system comprises 16 Shanghai JA Solar Technology JAM6-72-275 mono-crystalline modules rated at 275Wp, two GCI-3K-2G-H inverters rated at 2,990 W, and without flooded lead acid battery storage. The grid-connected PV systems are economically viable in the five locations, whereas the grid-connect PV/battery systems are not viable under the existing assumptions. The loan term has the greatest impact on the real LCOE and NPV compared to the considered sensitivity variables when the range of variation is within ±20%.
关键词： levelized cost of electricity,grid-connected residential solar photovoltaic system,economic,Performance,net present value
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Techno‐economic assessment of solar photovoltaic integration into national grids: A case study of Burkina Faso
摘要： To promote a low‐carbon society, it is urgent to better integrate renewable energies into energy supply systems. This paper examines the impact of solar photovoltaic (PV) integration into the national electrical grid in Burkina Faso on the electricity production cost. The analysis is based on the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) technique. Several levels of PV integration have been considered namely 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% of the total installed capacity. First, the results revealed all the configurations with PV integration are more attractive and cost‐effective compared with the conventional diesel standalone electricity system. The sensitivity analysis shows that the configuration with 80% PV is the most attractive when compared to the other ones as it has the lowest LCOE and CO2 emissions compared with the other scenarios. This paper also shows that in the context of rising fuel prices and environmental concern, the electricity production based on diesel standalone system is not a viable solution for Burkina Faso at the moment. Finally, the results revealed that subsidies offered by the government of Burkina Faso to support the electricity production cost will be more effective for a system with PV integration. This paper gives detail highlights of solution for policymakers to make useful investment in solar energy and widen the access to electricity in Burkina Faso.
关键词： Burkina Faso,optimization,solar photovoltaic,levelized cost of electricity,diesel generator,grid integration
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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AIP Conference Proceedings [Author(s) SolarPACES 2017: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems - Santiago, Chile (26–29 September 2017)] - Techno-economic analysis of a small scale solar power tower at varied locations
摘要： Location selection is an important factor for the effectiveness and cost of a solar electricity generation system. Latitude and weather impact efficiency and availability, and local labor rates have a further influence on cost. To explore the impact of these effects, we performed techno-economic analysis of a small-scale solar power tower concept in six different locations in the United States, Australia, and India. The specific configuration we considered has a nominal power rating of 100 kWe and 5 hours of thermal energy storage. Further, we considered two deployment strategies: a single stand-alone 100 kWe tower, and a 20 MWe cluster of many towers. For each scenario, we used a probabilistic analysis method to evaluate levelized cost of electricity. We found that this configuration has potential for cost-competitive electricity generation and the ability to improve grid flexibility for integration of intermittent renewables. In addition, solar resource, latitude, and local labor rates all have an impact on the levelized cost of electricity of the system.
关键词： levelized cost of electricity,solar power tower,thermal energy storage,techno-economic analysis,renewable energy
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Analysis of the Potential of Solar Energy Development inSaudi Arabia
摘要： Saudi Arabia has been exploring the potential of renewable energy for many years. Saudi authorities, scientists, and researchers view the generation of renewable energy as a viable long-term energy strategy. Despite this, because Saudi Arabia is one of the leading oil producing nations and relies heavily on it as a form of energy and source of income, solar energy has not been given much serious consideration. However, it has become more and more evident that for the continuing prosperity of the nation and the inevitable gradual decline in long-term oil production, it is essential to explore and invest in alternative energy sources. The main objectives of this research are: i) to establish the potential of solar energy generation as a suitable, cost-effective alternative to petroleum products. ii) to establish the potential for maximizing renewable power generation to support the supply grid. This paper presents an examination of various economic and technological aspects of generating solar energy in Saudi Arabia. Using some existing data on the amount of solar radiation, a seasonal multiple linear forecasting method is used to generate forecasts for electric energy generation potential for 32 cities. Results of this research demonstrate the desirability and economic feasibility of installing solar panel farms and constructing distribution lines.
关键词： Quantitative Forecasting,Photovoltaic Generator,Renewable energy,Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) generation model
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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AIP Conference Proceedings [Author(s) SolarPACES 2017: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems - Santiago, Chile (26–29 September 2017)] - Performance of a SUNDISC cycle CSP plant for off-grid baseload applications in Chile
摘要： The dual-receiver SUNDISC cycle has previously been shown to generate electricity at a lower levelized cost and more reliably than combined cycle CSP plants without the low-pressure receiver. The utilization of such a plant as the provider of baseload power to an off-grid consumer, for example a mine, in northern Chile is investigated. The chosen location in the Atacama desert has high solar radiation and reasonably low ambient temperatures, however, the high altitude causes a severe decrease in Brayton cycle power output. The plant is simulated to provide an almost constant power output throughout the year from the two power cycles. Plant configurations with practically no fuel co-firing reach the lowest levelized cost of electricity, 0.14 USD/(kWeh) based on a conservative cost model, at less than 800 h annual time of no power generation. If fuel-based operation is allowed during some of these hours, the plant operates throughout the 8760 h per year and generates electricity at less than 0.15 USD/(kWeh) with co-firing rates of less than 8%. All these cost figures are significantly lower than for an alternative baseload off-grid solution based on Diesel generators.
关键词： Chile,CSP plant,off-grid,Rankine cycle,Brayton cycle,thermal energy storage,SUNDISC cycle,levelized cost of electricity,baseload,solar energy
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14