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Dynamic nanoscale morphology of the ER surveyed by STED microscopy
摘要： The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is composed of interconnected membrane sheets and tubules. Superresolution microscopy recently revealed densely packed, rapidly moving ER tubules mistaken for sheets by conventional light microscopy, highlighting the importance of revisiting classical views of ER structure with high spatiotemporal resolution in living cells. In this study, we use live-cell stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy to survey the architecture of the ER at 50-nm resolution. We determine the nanoscale dimensions of ER tubules and sheets for the first time in living cells. We demonstrate that ER sheets contain highly dynamic, subdiffraction-sized holes, which we call nanoholes, that coexist with uniform sheet regions. Reticulon family members localize to curved edges of holes within sheets and are required for their formation. The luminal tether Climp63 and microtubule cytoskeleton modulate their nanoscale dynamics and organization. Thus, by providing the first quantitative analysis of ER membrane structure and dynamics at the nanoscale, our work reveals that the ER in living cells is not limited to uniform sheets and tubules; instead, we suggest the ER contains a continuum of membrane structures that includes dynamic nanoholes in sheets as well as clustered tubules.
关键词： STED microscopy,Climp63,nanoholes,endoplasmic reticulum,reticulon,microtubule cytoskeleton
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Light absorption by surface nanoholes and nanobumps
摘要： This paper deals with a numerical investigation of the energy deposition induced by ultrafast laser interaction with nanostructures. We calculate and analyze the intensity near-field reactive and radiative patterns resulted from the interference of the incident light with light scattered by individual subwavelength holes and bumps on the surface of metallic and dielectric materials. The role of light polarization, optical material properties, collective effects and nature of the imperfections in localized energy absorption is elucidated. The results open new perspectives in precise light manipulation by surface inhomogeneities and well-controlled surface nanostructuring by ultrashort laser.
关键词： light absorption,surface nanoholes,ultrafast laser,nanostructures,nanobumps
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36