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Carbon quantum dots implanted CdS nanosheets: Efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) under saline conditions
摘要： Chromium(VI) (Cr(VI)), a toxic metal, is generally present together with ionic salts in industrial effluents. An efficient reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) in saline water is an imperative issue but still a challenging task. Literature has rarely addressed reducing Cr(VI) effectively under saline conditions. Herein, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were successfully implanted in the CdS nanosheets (CdS-NSs) to prepare nanocomposites (i.e., CCNs) for the first time to efficiently reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III). The newly fabricated CCNs demonstrated superior performance to reduce Cr(VI) compared to pristine CdS-NSs and CQDs-deposited CdS nanosheets (i.e., CQD/CdS-NSs) in saline water. The nanostructures were examined by spectral and photoelectrochemical measurements as well as density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Results showed that CCNs facilitated the photo-electron transport and thus suppressed charge recombination via formation of micro-regional heterostructures. A lower band gap of CCNs relative to pristine CdS-NSs and CQD/CdS-NSs extended the light absorption spectrum. The optimal photocatalyst, denoted as CCNs-2, exhibited an efficiency of ~94% for photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction within 10 min in water containing 1200 mg/L salts. The obtained rate constant of reduction of Cr(VI) was (2.62 ± 0.04) × 10-1 min-1, approximately 4 and 3 times higher than that of pristine CdS-NSs and CQD/CdS-NSs, respectively. After 3 cycles, the CCNs-2 still showed an efficiency of ~78% aqueous Cr(VI) reduction within 10 min. Our results clearly presented that implantation relative to deposition of CQDs for CdS-NSs is a preferential strategy to enhance photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction in saline water under visible light irradiation.
关键词： Saline water,Implantation,Photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction,Carbon quantum dots,Cadmium sulfide nanosheets
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Effect of working pressure on the properties of RF sputtered SnS thin films and photovoltaic performance of SnS-based solar cells
摘要： Tin sulfide (SnS) thin films were deposited with a single SnS target by radio frequency magnetron sputtering while varying the working pressure (0.6 Pa to 2.6 Pa), and the structural, chemical, electricelectrical and optical properties of the SnS thin films were investigated. X-ray diffraction results showed that all the SnS thin films had a (111) plane preferred growth orientation, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy verified that a SnS thin film was grown with an orthorhombic crystal structure, having the binding energy of 324.5 eV. Due to a long wavelength shift in the transmittance spectrum, the optical band gap decreased from 1.56 eV to 1.47 eV. A SnS-based conventional structure solar cell (Al/ITO/i-ZnO/CdS/SnS/Mo/SLG), prepared with a SnS absorption layer and deposited at a working pressure of 2.0 Pa, achieves the highest power conversion efficiency of 0.58%. It is confirmed that this result reveal to very high efficiency compared to other reports with conventional structure.
关键词： thin films,Tin sulfide,radio frequency magnetron sputtering,single target,SnS based solar cells,working pressure
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Hafnium sulfide nanosheets for large energy passively Q-switched fiber laser application
摘要： We report the generation of 240 nJ, robust pulses at 1.5 μm by inserting the hafnium sulfide (HfS2) into the compact Er-doped fiber (EDF) laser. The multilayer HfS2 nanosheets prepared by liquid exfoliation was experimentally studied as a good performance saturable absorber (SA) with the modulation depth (ΔT) of 11.32%. The slope efficiency of fiber laser is as high as 8.9%. Compared with recent reported works, our experimental results show better comprehensive performance. This work demonstrates that HfS2 with prominent nonlinear saturable absorption property could be used as a promising candidate to advance the development of nonlinear optics.
关键词： Q-switched,Saturable absorbers,Hafnium sulfide
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Performance of Graphenea??CdS Hybrid Nanocomposite Thin Film for Applications in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cell and H2 Production
摘要： A graphene–cadmium sulfide (Gr–CdS) nanocomposite was prepared by a chemical solution method, and its material properties were characterized by several analysis techniques. The synthesized pure CdS nanoparticles (NPs) and Gr–CdS nanocomposites were confirmed to have a stoichiometric atomic ratio (Cd/S = 1:1). The Cd 3d and S 2p peaks of the Gr–CdS nanocomposite appeared at lower binding energies compared to those of the pure CdS NPs according to X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses. The formation of the Gr–CdS nanocomposite was also evidenced by the structural analysis using Raman spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed that CdS NPs were uniformly distributed on the graphene sheets. The absorption spectra of both the Gr–CdS nanocomposite and pure CdS NPs thin films showed an absorption edge at 550 nm related to the energy band gap of CdS (~2.42 eV). The Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin film photovoltaic device with Gr–CdS nanocomposite buffer layer showed a higher electrical conversion efficiency than that with pure CdS NPs thin film buffer layer. In addition, the water splitting efficiency of the Gr–CdS nanocomposite was almost three times higher than that of pure CdS NPs.
关键词： cadmium sulfide,Gr–CdS,Cu(In, Ga)Se2,buffer layer,water splitting
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Optical Characterization of the Sulfide Chloride Oxide CsBa <sub/>6</sub> V <sub/>4</sub> S <sub/>12</sub> ClO <sub/>4</sub> with a Near-Infrared Fluorescence
摘要： When CsCl, BaS, BaO, V, and S are reacted in a solid-state reaction under inert conditions, pure powders and single crystals of senary CsBa6V4S12ClO4 can be obtained. Its unique crystal structure has the symmetry R3?H (no. 148) and unit cell parameters a = 9.0575(2) and c = 28.339(1) ?. The crystal structure contains polar units [VS3O]3? and a complex BaS7ClO2 coordination. The compound gets its deep-red color from a low-energy charge transfer, which can be explained by an electron transfer from S2? to V5+. In the near-infrared range, down-converted ?uorescence occurs at 1.06 and 0.90 eV, and both emissions appear <450 ps after excitation at about 1.27 eV.
关键词： optical characterization,crystal structure,near-infrared fluorescence,synthesis,sulfide chloride oxide
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Atomic layer deposition of amorphous antimony sulfide (a-Sb <sub/>2</sub> S <sub/>3</sub> ) as semiconductor sensitizer in extremely thin absorber solar cell
摘要： Atomic layer deposition of amorphous antimony sulfide (a-Sb2S3) is demonstrated with an alternating exposure of tris(dimethylamino) antimony (TDMASb) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) at 150 °C in a custom-built viscous flow reactor. Growth mechanism and deposition chemistry are investigated by in situ quartz crystal microbalance and in situ Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. Reaction hypothesis facilitating the binary reaction is established by quantum mechanical density functional theory calculations that essentially support the experimental findings. The developed material is used as a photon harvester in solar cells under extremely thin absorber configuration, with TiO2 and Spiro-OMeTAD as electron and hole transporting layers, respectively. Investigation of charge injection properties with surface photovoltage spectroscopy reveals low but non-negligible density of interfacial (sensitizer/TiO2) electronic defects. The conventional viscous flow reactor configuration is modified to showerhead-type reactor configuration to achieve better uniformity and conformality of a-Sb2S3 on highly porous TiO2 scaffolds. a-Sb2S3 device performance is optimized to achieve the highest power conversion efficiencies of 0.5% while annealed crystalline c-Sb2S3 device reaches power conversion efficiencies of 1.9% under 1 sun illumination.
关键词： surface photovoltage spectroscopy,extremely thin absorber solar cell,quantum mechanical density functional theory,amorphous antimony sulfide,Atomic layer deposition
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Neuron-like cell differentiation of hADSCs promoted by a copper sulfide nanostructure mediated plasmonic effect driven by near-infrared light
摘要： Nerve is one of the most difficult tissues to repair due to the limited source of neural stem cells and the difficulty to promote the neural differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by growth factors. Electromagnetic field has been proved to have the ability to regulate stem cells differentiation. Although some researches promoted neural differentiation of stem cells by external power source, it is still a big challenge to realize the nerve repair in bodies because of the unwieldiness and complexity of the power supply equipment. Surface plasmon (SP) is electromagnetic oscillation caused by the interaction of free electrons and photons on metal surface, and almost no one has used this localized electromagnetic oscillation to regulate stem cells differentiation. In this study, based on the concept proposed by our group that “Regulation of stem cell fate by nanostructure mediated physical signal”, the localized electromagnetic oscillation generated by the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of copper sulfide (CuS) nanostructure irradiated by near-infrared light has been proved to have positive regulation on stem cell maturation and neuron-like cell differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs). This regulation method avoids the use of wire connection of external power source, which realizes the stem cell fate regulation by external field. In addition, this work demonstrated that it is promising to realize the light promoted nerve repair in bodies by using implantable plasmonic nanomaterial with absorption in near-infrared region within human “optical window”, which has important academic value and application prospect. As we know, this is the first time to use semiconductor nanostructures as a medium to regulate stem cells neuron-like cell differentiation by near-infrared light and LSPR of plasmonic nanomaterial, which will have great influence on biomedical engineering and attract broad attention from nanomaterials scientist, neurobiologist, and neurosurgeon.
关键词： neuron-like cell differentiation,plasmonic effect,near-infrared light,hADSCs,copper sulfide nanostructure
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Improved perovskite solar cell with 2H–TaS2 nanosheets as an electron transport layer using microwave irradiation
摘要： In addition to the absorber ingredient of the perovskite, electron- and hole-transport materials deposited on each side of a perovskite active layer can play essential roles in the stability and overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of a device. Herein, we developed and used a novel, stable, and efficient electron transport layer (ETL) as a Tantalum (IV) sulfide (2H-TaS2) nanosheets for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) which up to now not investigated in PSC. Synthesis of 2H-TaS2 transparent thin films was performed directly on the fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate, using microwave irradiation. The electrical characteristics of 2H-TaS2 thin film with state-of-the-art efficient electron transporting materials such as SnO2 and TiO2 are measured and compared. Device structure based on 2H-TaS2 in our work being: Glass/FTO/2H-TaS2/perovskite/P3HT/Gold, indicate power photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.23% which is close to the obtained PCEs of compact SnO2 and TiO2 electron transport layer based PSCs. The results showed, high electrical conductivity, the better property of charge transfer, and good transparency layer in the visible region (400-900 nm) with 2H-TaS2 thin film. So, theses reasons included a process of low-temperature synthesis, beneficial for energy harvesting and other optoelectronic applications for 2H-TaS2 thin film.
关键词： Perovskite solar cells,Tantalum (IV) sulfide,Tin (IV) Oxide,Titanium dioxide
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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An Electrically Controlled Wavelength-Tunable Nanoribbon Laser
摘要： Nanoscale laser sources with downscaled device footprint, high energy efficiency and operation speed are pivotal for a wide array of opto-electronic and nanophotonic applications ranging from on-chip interconnects, nano-spectroscopy, sensing to optical communication. The capability of on-demand lasing output with reversible and continuous wavelength tunability over broad spectral range enables key functionalities in wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) and finely controlled light-matter interaction, which remains an important subject under intense research. In this study, we demonstrate an electrically controlled wavelength-tunable laser based on CdS nanoribbon (NR) structure. Typical ‘S’-shaped characteristics of pump power dependence was observed for dominant lasing lines, with concomitant line width narrowing. By applying an increased bias voltage across the NR device, the lasing resonance exhibits a continuous tuning from 510 nm to 520 nm for a bias field ranged within 0 kV/cm – 15.4 kV/cm. Systematic bias-dependent absorption and time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) measurements were performed, revealing a red-shifted band edge of gain medium and prolonged PL lifetime with increased electric field over the device. Both current-induced thermal reduction of band gap and Franz-Keldysh effect were identified to account for the modification of lasing profile, with the former factor playing the leading role. Furthermore, dynamical switching of NR lasing was successfully demonstrated, yielding a modulation ratio up to ~ 21 dB. The electrically tuned wavelength-reversible CdS NR laser in this work, therefore, presents an important step towards color-selective coherent emitters for future chip-based nano-photonic and opto-electronic circuitry.
关键词： cadmium sulfide,individual nanoribbon,nanolaser,wavelength-tunable,electrical control
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Highly transparent nickel and iron sulfide on nitrogen-doped carbon films as counter electrodes for bifacial quantum dot sensitized solar cells
摘要： Semiconductors are widely used as counter electrodes in quantum dot-sensitized solar cells. However, many counter electrode materials have poor conductivity and require tedious post-treatment procedures. Here, our groups develop a highly transparent MS2@N-doped C film materials (M = Ni, Fe) derived from layer-by-layer self-assembly of a M-TCPP film as a counter electrode in bifacial CdS/CdSe quantum dot-sensitized solar cells. Devices based on the MS2@N-doped C films exhibited higher respective front- and reverse-side power conversion efficiencies (i.e., 4.57% and 3.98% for the NiS2@N-doped C film and 3.18% and 2.63% for the FeS2@N-doped C film) than those of Pt-based devices (2.39% and 1.74%). We attribute the outstanding catalytic activity and excellent stability of the MS2@N-doped C film materials to the homogeneous sulfides within the transparent nitrogen-doped C film, as confirmed by electrochemical analyses, including cycle voltammetry, impedance spectroscopy and Tafel-polarization measurements.
关键词： Nitrogen doped C film,Metal sulfide,Quantum dot-sensitized solar cells,Counter electrode
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59