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Fingerprints mapping and biochemical sensing on smartphone by electrochemiluminescence
摘要： Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is a kind of optical radiation process triggered by electrochemistry, which has been one of the most important strategies in analytical chemistry and biosensing. Recently, smartphone, as one of the widely-used mobile device, has provided a attractive solution as simple yet powerful sensing platform to satisfy the needs of on-site inspection. Here, ECL on smartphone was put forward for fingerprints mapping and biochemical sensing. The smartphone-based system integrated both electrochemical excitation and optical analysis by built-in functional modules “all in one phone”. Typical enhanced luminescence analysis of nicotine, quenched luminescence analysis of trinitrotoluene (TNT) demonstrated the availability of the phone-based ECL system for biochemical sensing. Furthermore, multimode imaging analysis including color induction, gray processing, and binary extraction on smartphone were used for fingerprints mapping. The grain information of fingerprints was clearly displayed on the luminescence images, even the sweat pores on fingerprints were visible to naked eyes. Finally, in situ sensing of exogenous substances on fingerprints, such as nicotine and TNT were also accomplished by the phone. Results indicated the remarkable performances of the system in ECL, especially in the fields of biochemical sensing and imaging analysis. Because fingerprints were widely used to unlock phones, the combination of fingerprints imaging and sensing on smartphone would be contributed to the development of personal medicine, public health monitoring, and mobile care testing.
关键词： Nicotine,Smartphone,Electrochemiluminescence (ECL),Trinitrotoluene (TNT),Fingerprints mapping
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Autofluorescence of Breast Cancer Proteins
摘要： Background: The intensity of the blood as well as tissue autofluorescence (fluorescence of endogenous fluorophores) shows current structure of protein mixture, its current conformation (native or denatured state), concentration or activity depending on the external and internal conditions. Nicotine amide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a cofactor in redox reactions of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle in eukaryotic cells and it can be a marker of the intensity of mitochondria metabolism as well as the presence of oxygen in the cells. The concentration of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) varies during normoxia, hypoxia and hyperoxia cells. Cancer cells increase the concentration of NADH during hypoxia and anoxia. The reason of NADH cumulation is microenvironment with low or no oxygen supply which induces glycolysis as a preferential source of energy. Glycolysis is faster, does not need oxygen but is less effective than oxidative phosphorylation. Focus: The aim of this work was to measure the structure of blood plasma and mammary gland homogenates of patients at three stages of breast cancer in comparison to healthy subjects using fluorescence analysis and atomic force microscopy. The blood plasma of patients with breast cancer had a different structure of proteins in comparison to healthy subjects. The blood plasma and homogenate of patients with breast cancer showed significant increase in autofluorescence intensity, which represents mixture of various endogenous fluorophores in particular porphyrins, collagen, NAD and flavins. Prospect: The information about complex summary of fluorescence intensity of all mixtures of endogenous fluorophores may in the future serve as rapid preliminary markers of cancer. The fluorescence analysis might be a non-traditional methodology for an early rapid diagnosis of breast cancer in the next clinical practice.
关键词： breast cancer proteins,blood plasma,Nicotine amide adenine dinucleotide,breast cancer homogenate,fluorophores,autofluorescence
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14