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- 2019
- low-temperature electronics
- class AB operation
- optimization of analog electronic circuit
- operational amplifier
- LTspice environment
- buffer amplifier
- junction field-effect transistors
- Electronic Science and Technology
- Don State Technical University
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Optimal location identification for aggregated charging of electric vehicles in solar photovoltaic powered microgrids with reduced distribution losses
摘要： The battery-powered electric vehicle finds an alternative for fossil fuel-based vehicles in the transportation sector. The charge-discharge power profiles of the battery storage systems (BSS) contribute toward distribution losses, which can be minimized by proper scheduling. Such scheduling gives better results if the charging stations are optimally placed in the solar photovoltaic (PV) powered microgrid. This paper proposes a methodology to identify the optimal location to charge the electric vehicle in the microgrid. The proposed methodology has been developed using particle swarm optimization (PSO)-based optimal power flow (OPF) with an integrated power management (IPM) algorithm. The novelty of the IPM algorithm is the coordinated charging-discharging of the multiple numbers of aBSS of the EVs to reduce the overall distribution losses of the microgrid. The proposed methodology is tested in a standard solar PV powered microgrid network, where the optimal locations to charge the electric vehicles are identified. The daily distribution loss of the network is computed for all possible charging locations of the electric vehicle in the microgrid, and it is found that the distribution loss is minimum for the identified optimal locations. Also, to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, the distribution loss analysis is carried out for three test cases; i) un-optimized power flow, ii) PSO based-OPF, and iii) PSO-based OPF with IPM. The case study shows that the PSO-based OPF gives 84% reduction in daily distribution loss compared to the conventional un-optimized power flow test case. The daily distribution loss is further reduced by 8% by incorporating the IPM algorithm in the PSO-based OPF. The utility can thereby encourage the electric vehicle (EV) owners to park their EVs at the optimal locations to reduce the distribution losses.
关键词： microgrid,particle swarm optimization,Battery storage systems,renewable generation,electric vehicle,optimal location
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Improved cooperative artificial neural network <scp>a??</scp> particle swarm optimization approach for solar photovoltaic systems using maximum power point tracking
摘要： Photovoltaic (PV) energy represents one of the most important renewable energies, but its disadvantage resides in its maximum power point, which varies according to meteorological changes that make the efficiency low. Intelligent techniques, using the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method, can achieve an efficient real-time tracking of this point in order to ensure optimal functioning of the system. The output power of the PV system is removed from solar irradiation and cell temperature of the PV panel type SOLON 55W. Therefore, it is essential to harvest the generated power of the PV system and optimally exploit the collected solar energy. For this objective, this work treats on a new artificial neural network-particle swarm optimization approach (ANN-PSO). The ANN is used to predict the solar irradiation level and cell temperature followed by PSO to optimize the power generation and optimally track the solar power of the PV panel type SOLON 55W based on various operation conditions under changes in environmental conditions. The simulation results of the proposed approach give a minimum error with a relevant efficiency, that is, the power provided by ANN-PSO approach is optimal and closer to the PV power. Consequently, this novel approach ANN-PSO shows its major capability to extract the optimal power with excellent efficiency up of 97%. For this objective, this work treats a new hybrid ANN-PSO approach.
关键词： photovoltaic system,particle swarm optimization,maximum power point tracking,artificial neural network
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[IEEE 2019 International Conference on Communication and Electronics Systems (ICCES) - Coimbatore, India (2019.7.17-2019.7.19)] 2019 International Conference on Communication and Electronics Systems (ICCES) - Beamforming Based Underwater Wireless Optical Communication Systems
摘要： This paper proposes a novel mechanism to model a time series of block accesses for profiling block access patterns, to intentionally direct block data prefetching. The basic idea behind this scheme is that the block accesses within a certain offset domain may have some correlations that may contribute to classify an access pattern on the file system level. Moreover, the technique of adjacency matrix is employed to represent an access pattern for accelerating pattern matching, and then benefits I/O optimization eventually. Through a series of emulation experiments based on several realistic block traces on the disk, the experimental results show that the newly proposed prefetching mechanism outperforms other comparisons. Specifically, it can reduce average I/O response time by 14.6%–17.9% in contrast to the commonly used sequential prefetching scheme, and 4.1%–10.5% compared with frequent sequence mining-based prefetching but with less space and time overhead.
关键词： data prefetching,Block access pattern,I/O optimization
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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A laser written 4D optical microcavity for advanced biochemical sensing in aqueous environment
摘要： Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) allows a mobile node to communicate directly to its peers while changing the currently used IP address. This mode of operation is called route optimization (RO). In the RO process, the peer node learns a binding between the home address and its current temporary care-of-address. Many schemes have been proposed to support RO in PMIPv6. However, these schemes do not consider the out-of-sequence problem, which may happen between the existing path and the newly established RO path. In this paper, we propose a scheme to solve the out-of-sequence problem with low cost. In our scheme, we use the additional packet sequence number and the time information when the problem occurs. We then run experiments on a reliable packet transmission (RPT) laboratory testbed to evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme, and compare it with the well-known RO-supported PMIPv6 and the out-of-sequence time period scheme. The experimental results show that for most of the cases, our proposed scheme guarantees RPT by preventing the out-of-sequence problem.
关键词： proxy mobile IPv6,PMIPv6,route optimization
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Development of Combinatorial Pulsed Laser Deposition for Expedited Device Optimization in CdTe/CdS Thin-Film Solar Cells
摘要： A combinatorial pulsed laser deposition system was developed by integrating a computer controlled scanning sample stage in order to rapidly screen processing conditions relevant to CdTe/CdS thin-film solar cells. Using this system, the thickness of the CdTe absorber layer is varied across a single sample from 1.5 ??m to 0.75 ??m. The effects of thickness on CdTe grain morphology, crystal orientation, and cell efficiency were investigated with respect to different postprocessing conditions. It is shown that the thinner CdTe layer of 0.75 ??m obtained the best power conversion efficiency up to 5.3%. The results of this work shows the importance that CdTe grain size/morphology relative to CdTe thickness has on device performance and quantitatively exhibits what those values should be to obtain efficient thin-film CdTe/CdS solar cells fabricated with pulsed laser deposition. Further development of this combinatorial approach could enable high-throughput exploration and optimization of CdTe/CdS solar cells.
关键词： combinatorial pulsed laser deposition,power conversion efficiency,grain morphology,CdTe/CdS thin-film solar cells,device optimization,crystal orientation
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Reliability and Ecological Aspects of Photovoltaic Modules || Analysis of the Solar Tracking System for a Mobile Robot Prototype
摘要： Methods to detect the position of the sun and orientate a solar panel to its position are used in order to optimize the power generated. Two possible approaches are using light depending resistor (LDR) sensors, or using a GPS and equations that model the geometry between the Earth and the Sun. The main objective of this work is the proposal of a prototype system to optimize the harvesting of solar energy on photovoltaic panels. In this chapter, a mobile robot powered by a solar panel orientated by a LDR matrix and a GPS device was developed. The LDRs were used as the representation of vectors normal to a surface, where its sum resulted in the most lighted point. The GPS, in turn, provided location, date and time data, which were used in the calculations of the Sun’s azimuth and zenith, used to orientate the panel. The obtained results show that an orientated photovoltaic panel has a better performance when compared to a static panel. Possibilities and opportunities of research tend to grow for the next years with many possible works to be done in the future, both in mobile robotics and in other systems powered by photovoltaic panels.
关键词： tracking,optimization,photovoltaics,embedded,robotics
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Optimal Sizing of Standalone Photovoltaic System Using Improved Performance Model and Optimization Algorithm
摘要： A standalone photovoltaic system mainly consists of photovoltaic panels and battery bank. The use of such systems is restricted mainly due to their high initial costs. This problem is alleviated by optimal sizing as it results in reliable and cost-effective systems. However, optimal sizing is a complex task. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been shown to be effective in PV system sizing. This paper presents an AI-based standalone PV system sizing method. Differential evolution multi-objective optimization is used to find the optimal balance between system’s reliability and cost. Two objective functions are minimized, the loss of load probability and the life cycle cost. A numerical algorithm is used as a benchmark for the proposed method’s speed and accuracy. Results indicate that the AI algorithm can be successfully used in standalone PV systems sizing. The proposed method was roughly 27 times faster than the numerical method. Due to AI algorithm’s random nature, the proposed method resulted in the exact optimal solution in 6 out of 12 runs. Near-optimal solutions were found in the other six runs. Nevertheless, the nearly optimal solutions did not introduce major departure from optimal system performance, indicating that the results of the proposed method are practically optimal at worst.
关键词： standalone,photovoltaic,sizing,optimization,DEMO
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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On the root mean square error (RMSE) calculation for parameter estimation of photovoltaic models: A novel exact analytical solution based on Lambert W function
摘要： In the literature, one can find a lot of methods and techniques employed to estimate single diode solar photovoltaic (PV) cell parameters. The efficiency of these methods is usually tested by calculating the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) between the measured and estimated values of the solar PV cell output current. In this work, first, the values of RMSE calculated using 69 different methods published in many journal papers for the well-known RTC France solar PV cell are presented and discussed. Second, a novel exact analytical solution for RMSE calculation based on the Lambert W function is proposed. The results obtained show that the RMSE values were not calculated correctly in most of the methods presented in the literature since the exact expression of the calculated cell output current was not used. Third, the precision of calculation of the methods used for analytical solving of Lambert W equation is presented and discussed. Fourth, the applicability of the proposed solution methodology in accordance with current-voltage characteristics measured in the laboratory for solar modules of Clean Energy Trainer Setup is checked. Identification of its unknown parameters is presented using three optimization techniques. Further, the proposed solution methodology is proven for Solarex MSX–60 PV module, and the most promising 5-parameter single diode parameters are estimated based on minimization of the precise RMSE values calculated. Finally, this work aimed to develop a good base for proper investigation and implementation of optimization algorithms to solve the parameter estimation problem of 5-parameter single diode PV equivalent circuits.
关键词： Root mean square error,5-parameter single diode model,PV parameter estimation,Optimization,RTC France solar cell,Lambert W function
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Performance evaluation and optimization of the cooling system of a hybrid thermionic-photovoltaic converter
摘要： Hybrid thermionic-photovoltaic (TIPV) converters are efficient and clean solutions for the direct conversion of thermal energy to electricity, taking advantage of both the photovoltaic and thermionic phenomena. An important hurdle for their efficient operation is the overheating of the PV cell integrated within the TIPV anode, due to partial conversion of the emitted electron and photon fluxes to thermal heat. This obstacle needs to be overcome with an efficient, yet practical, cooler. In this work, a copper plate heat spreader is experimentally tested for TIPV cathode temperatures up to 1450 °C, whilst its performance is also assessed using a validated CFD model for temperatures up to ~2000 °C. A multi-parametric analysis is conducted testing two coolants: i) a water/ethylene glycol mixture at various temperatures (?5–40 °C) and mass flow rates (0.05–0.4 kg·s?1), and, ii) cryogenic liquid nitrogen at a temperature of ?196 °C and mass flow rate of 0.074 kg·s?1. Numerical results reveal that with water/ethylene mixture the PV can withstand heat fluxes up to 360 W·cm?2, without its temperature exceeding 100 °C. For higher thermal fluxes (360–600 W·cm?2), cryogenic liquid nitrogen is found to prevent the PV overheating and, therefore, is an attractive coolant; however, it poses safety concerns due to its possible boiling. Finally, two additional cooling system designs are proposed, a heat sink with straight fins and another with copper pipes, which offer higher heat transfer areas, but are more difficult to manufacture, than the copper plate heat spreader.
关键词： Ultra-high power density,Copper plate heat spreader,Cooling system design optimization,Electronic device,Computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Smart charging of electric vehicles considering photovoltaic power production and electricity consumption: a review
摘要： Photovoltaics (PV) and electric vehicles (EVs) are two emerging technologies often considered as cornerstones in the energy and transportation systems of future sustainable cities. They both have to be integrated into the power systems and be operated together with already existing loads and generators and, often, into buildings, where they potentially impact the overall energy performance of the buildings. Thus, a high penetration of both PV and EVs poses new challenges for cities. With a potentially large increase in PV and EV penetration, understanding of the synergies between PV, EVs and existing electricity consumption is required. Thus, a high penetration of both PV and EVs poses new challenges. Understanding of the synergies between PV, EVs and existing electricity consumption is therefore required. Recent research has shown that smart charging of EVs could improve the synergy between PV, EVs and electricity consumption, leading to both technical and economic advantages. Considering the growing interest in this field, this review paper summarizes state-of-the-art studies of smart charging considering PV power production and electricity consumption. The main aspects of smart charging reviewed are objectives, configurations, algorithms and mathematical models. In order to achieve certain objectives, smart charging schemes can be based on optimization or rule based algorithms. The smart charging schemes also vary in terms of control configuration, i.e., centralized and distributed, and depend on spatial configuration, i.e., houses, workplaces and charging stations. Various charging objectives, such as increasing PV utilization and reducing peak loads and charging cost, are reviewed in this paper. The different charging control configurations, i.e., centralized and distributed, along with various spatial configurations, e.g., houses and workplaces, are also discussed. After that, the commonly employed optimization techniques and rule-based algorithms for smart charging are reviewed. Further research should focus on finding optimal trade-offs between simplicity and performance of smart charging schemes in terms of control configuration, charging algorithms, as well as the inclusion of PV power and load forecast in order to make the schemes suitable for practical implementations.
关键词： electric vehicles,Photovoltaics,energy management system,smart charging,charging optimization,electricity consumption
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01