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Perspective Clinical Study on Effect of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Photodynamic Therapy (ALA-PDT) in Treating Condylomata Acuminata in Pregnancy
摘要： Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) in treating vulval condylomata acuminata (CA) in pregnancy. Methods: The clinical efficacies of ALA-PDT on 16 cases of CA in pregnancy as well as cryotherapy on 22 cases of CA in pregnancy were analyzed in this prospective study. Results: The treatment group showed a wart clearance rate of 93.8% after 3 PDT treatments, while the control group showed a wart clearance rate of 72.7% after 3 cryotherapy treatments. After the 3-month follow-up period, the treatment group registered a recurrence rate of 6.3%, whereas the control group recorded a recurrence rate of 36.4%, indicating a statistically significant difference (χ2=4.674, p=0.031<0.05). After the 1-month postpartum follow-up period, the newborns grew and developed well, without any abnormality in physical examinations. Conclusion: ALA-PDT is safe and effective in treating CA in pregnancy.
关键词： cryotherapy,photodynamic therapy (PDT),pregnancy,condylomata acuminata (CA)
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Application of Biophotonics with Near Infrared Excitation for Theranostics; 近赤外励起バイオフォトニクスのセラノスティクスへの展開;
摘要： Near infrared wavelength region is known to have the most transparency of live body for electromagnetic wave with wavelength around the visible wavelength. Namely, the near infrared with a wavelength longer than 1000 nm (OTN-NIR) shows more transparency than that with shorter wavelength. The observation depth can be several centimeters with the OTN-NIR fluorescence, while that is limited to be only several millimeters with visible fluorescence. As OTN-NIR fluorescent agents, dyes, quantum dots, carbon nanotubes and rare-earth doped ceramic nanoparticles (RED-CNP) are known. A special feature of the RED-CNP is to show infrared-to-visible upconversion to emit visible light with a near infrared excitation, simultaneously with the OTN-NIR fluorescence. As a theranostic approach, nanomaterials for achieving photodynamic therapy with the near infrared excitation are introduced. Another special feature of the RED-CNP is the potential use for fluorescence nanothermometry. A scheme for ratiometric fluorescence nanothermometry with the OTN-NIR fluorescence is described. By using a RED-CNP with holomium and erbium co-doping, ratiometric fluorescence nanothermometry was successfully demonstrated. As shown with the case of photodynamic therapy with near infrared excitation, by applying an upconversion excitation scheme, visible light emission for photochemical reaction is possible with a near infrared excitation with high transparency in a live body. By constructing these multiple functions on the RED-CNP, various theranostic approach can be achieved. The size and bio distribution controls are important issues for applications of the RED-CNP for medical applications.
关键词： thermometry,near infrared,nanoparticle,rare-earth,PDT
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Comparative Study of Tissue Distribution of Chlorin e6 Complexes with Amphiphilic Polymers in Mice with Cervical Carcinoma
摘要： Many photosensitizers, including chlorins, are highly hydrophobic, which makes intravenous administration problematic and affects their delivery to the tumor and uptake in the cells. Moreover, self-aggregation of the photosensitizer in aqueous solution reduces fluorescence quantum yield, triplet state, and singlet oxygen generation, and consequently diminishes photosensitizing activity. To address these issues, it was proposed to use biocompatible water-soluble polymers. However, animal studies of the photosensitizer-polymer systems are still very limited. In this work, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and pluronic F108 were used for dissolution of chlorin e6 (Ce6). Dynamics of accumulation of the formulations in a mouse cervical carcinoma and clearance from normal tissue, drug plasma concentrations and tissue distribution after intravenous injection were investigated. Ce6 alone and clinically used photosensitizer Photoditazine served as a control. The results showed that none of the polymers significantly changed fluorescence kinetics in the tumor. Concentration of the Ce6 formulated with polymers in the tumor tissue was comparable with Photoditazine, but uptake in the skin was less. At the same time, tumor-to-skin ratios of the Ce6-polymer complexes were similar to free Ce6. We concluded that the use of the polymeric formulation is reasonable for fluorescence diagnosis and PDT of cancer.
关键词： Chemical extraction,Amphiphilic polymer,Mouse cervical carcinoma,Photosensitizer,Chlorin e6,PDT,Fluorescence imaging in vivo
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Synthesis, photodynamic activities, and cytotoxicity of new water-soluble cationic gallium(III) and zinc(II) phthalocyanines
摘要： The cationic Ga(III) and Zn(II) phthalocyanines carrying N-methyl-pyridinium groups at eight peripheral β-positionshave been synthesized. These complexes are highly soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and moderately soluble in water and phosphate buffered saline (PBS); both Ga(III)Cl and Zn(II) complexes have shown no aggregation in water up to 1.2×10-4 and 1.5×10-5 M, respectively. A higher water-solubility of Ga(III)Cl complex as compared to Zn(II) complex is ascribed to the presence of an axially coordinated chloride. The spectroscopic properties, photogeneration of singlet oxygen (1O2), and cytotoxicity of these complexes have been investigated. The absolute quantum yields (???absolute) for the photogeneration of singlet oxygen using Ga(III)Cl and Zn(II) complexes have been determined to be 4.4 and 5.3 %, respectively, in DMSO solution. The cytotoxicity and intracellular sites of localization of Ga(III)Cl and Zn(II) complexes have been evaluated in human HEp2 cells. Both complexes, localized intracellularly in multiple organelles, have shown no cytotoxicity in the dark. Upon exposure to a low light dose (1.5 J/cm2), however, Zn(II) complex has exhibited a high photocytotoxicity. The result suggests that Zn(II) complex can be considered as a potential photosensitizer for Photodynamic therapy (PDT).
关键词： PDT,Water-soluble,singlet oxygen,Phthelocyanine
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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A novel pro-apoptotic role of zinc octacarboxyphthalocyanine in melanoma me45 cancer cell's photodynamic therapy (PDT)
摘要： Zn-based phthalocyanine acts as drug or photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for the treatment of cancer cells. The activated zinc octacarboxyphthalocyanine (ZnPcOC) reacts with oxygen, to generate reactive oxygen species for the damage of melanoma cancer cells, Me45. This in vitro study aimed at investigating the cytotoxic effects of different concentrations of ZnPcOC activated with a diode laser (λ=685 nm) on Me45, and normal human fibroblast cells, NHDF. To perform this study 104 cells/ml were seeded in 96-well plates and allowed to attach overnight, after which cells were treated with different concentrations of ZnPcOC (10, 20 and 30 μM). After 4 h, cells were irradiated with a constant light dose of 2.5; 4.5 and 7.5 J/cm2. Post-irradiated cells were incubated for 24 h before cell viability was measured using the MTT viability assay. Data indicated that high concentrations of ZnPcOC (30 μM) in its inactive state are not cytotoxic to the melanoma cancer cells and normal fibroblasts. Moreover, the results showed that photoactivated ZnPcOC (30 μM) was able to reduce the cell viability of melanoma and fibroblast to about 50%, respectively. At this photosensitizing concentration the efficacy the treatment light dose of 2.5; 4.5 and 7.5 J/cm2 was evaluated against Me45 cells. ZnPcOC at a concentration of 30 μM activated with a light dose of 2.5; 4.5 and 7.5 J/cm2 was the most efficient for the killing of melanoma cancer cells. Melanoma cancer cells after PDT with a photosensitizing concentration of 30 μM ZnPcOC and a treatment light dose of 2.5; 4.5 and 7.5 J/cm2 showed certain pro-apoptotic characteristics, such as direct inducer (early apoptosis) and long-term inducer, also (late apoptosis). This concludes that low concentrations of ZnPcOC, activated with the appropriate light dose, can be used to induce cell death in melanoma cells via ROS-induces apoptosis pathway, what was confirmed with cytometric ROS measurements. Our in vitro study showed that ZnPcOC mediated photodynamic therapy is an effective treatment option for melanoma Me45 cancer cells. 30 μM of ZnPcOC with the treatment light dose of 2.5 J/cm2 from a LED diode laser source, with a wavelength of 685 nm, was adequate to destroy melanoma cancer cells via ROS-induced apoptosis pathway, with low killing effects on healthy NHDF normal fibroblasts.
关键词： photosensitizers,zinc octacarboxyphthalocyanine (ZnPcOC),UV-Vis spectra,pro-apoptotic activity,photodynamic therapy (PDT),reactive oxygen species (ROS),melanoma Me45 cancer cells
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Can BODIPY Dimers Act as Photosensitizers in Photodynamic Therapy? A Theoretical Prediction
摘要： The photophysical properties of some monomeric and dimeric BODIPY systems were investigated at the density functional theory level and herein reported. In particular, the absorption spectra were fully characterized, low energy singlet and triplet excited states were discussed also focusing on the energy difference gaps between them and computing the spin-orbit couplings values for the possible intersystem crossing channels. The heavy atom effect of iodine substituents on the photophysical properties of a monomer and on a dimer under investigation was also estimated. Results obtained on the considered compounds allow us to predict which is the most promising candidate to be suggested as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy.
关键词： BODIPY,PDT,heavy atom effect,TDDFT,spin-orbit coupling
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Amorphous Quantum Nanomaterials
摘要： In quantum materials, macroscopic behavior is governed in nontrivial ways by quantum phenomena. This is usually achieved by exquisite control over atomic positions in crystalline solids. Here, it is demonstrated that the use of disordered glassy materials provides unique opportunities to tailor quantum material properties. By borrowing ideas from single-molecule spectroscopy, single delocalized π-electron dye systems are isolated in relatively rigid ultra-small (<10 nm diameter) amorphous silica nanoparticles. It is demonstrated that chemically tuning the local amorphous silica environment around the dye over a range of compositions enables exquisite control over dye quantum behavior, leading to efficient probes for photodynamic therapy (PDT) and stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM). The results suggest that efficient fine-tuning of light-induced quantum behavior mediated via effects like spin-orbit coupling can be effectively achieved by systematically varying averaged local environments in glassy amorphous materials as opposed to tailoring well-defined neighboring atomic lattice positions in crystalline solids. The resulting nanoprobes exhibit features proven to enable clinical translation.
关键词： photodynamic therapy (PDT),optical super-resolution microscopy,organic dyes,amorphous silica nanoparticles
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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British Association of Dermatologists and British Photodermatology Group guidelines for topical photodynamic therapy 2018
摘要： The overall objective of the guideline is to provide up-to-date, evidence-based recommendations for the use of topical photodynamic therapy (PDT). The document aims to: offer an appraisal of all relevant literature up to April 2018, focusing on any key developments; address important, practical clinical questions relating to the primary guideline objective; and provide guideline recommendations and if appropriate research recommendations.
关键词： photodynamic therapy,treatment,dermatology,guidelines,PDT
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Pyropheophorbide-α methyl ester-mediated photodynamic therapy induces apoptosis and inhibits LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 macrophages
摘要： Backgroud: This study aimed to determine the effect of pyropheophorbide-α methyl ester (MPPa)-mediated photodynamic therapy (MPPa-PDT) on the apoptosis and inflammation of murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Methods: Uptake and subcellular localization of MPPa was detected by ?ow cytometry and confocal fluorescence microscope. Cell viability was assessed by CCK-8; ROS levels were assessed by DCFH-DA. Cell apoptosis was measured by ?ow cytometry and Hoechst 33342 staining, whereas mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by JC-1 staining. Secretion of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) was determined using ELISA kits. Caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, procaspase-9, cleaved caspase-9, PARP, cleaved PARP, Bcl-2, Bax, NF-κB p-p65, p-IKKα/β, and p-IκBα were measured by western blotting. Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-p65 nuclear translocation was observed by immunofluorescence. Results: MPPa -PDT influenced cell viability in a light dose-dependent manner. It induced ROS formation and RAW264.7 cell apoptosis. It also increased the expression of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, cleaved PARP and Bax, decreased the expression of Bcl-2. While TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 increased in LPS group (model of inflammation), it deceased in LPS-MPPa-PDT group. NF-κB p-p65, p-IKKα/β, and p-IκBα had higher expression in LPS group while that reduced in LPS-MPPa-PDT group. Simultaneously, MPPa-PDT inhibited nuclear translocation of NF-κB-p65 caused by LPS. Conclusions: MPPa-PDT can induce apoptosis and attenuate inflammation in mouse RAW264.7 macrophages, thereby suggesting a promising therapy for atherosclerosis.
关键词： inflammation,atherosclerosis,MPPa-PDT,RAW264.7,apoptosis
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Comparison of different treatment schemes in 5-ALA interstitial photodynamic therapy for high-grade glioma in a preclinical model: An MRI study
摘要： Background: There is currently no therapy that prevents high-grade glioma recurrence. Thus, these primary brain tumors have unfavorable outcomes. Recently, 5-ALA photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been proposed to delay relapse and is highly expected to have potential synergistic effects with the current standard of care. However, PDT treatment delivery needs to be optimized by evaluating the impact of both the number of fractions and the light power used. Objectives: Our study aimed to compare MRI markers across different treatment schemes that use interstitial PDT in high-grade glioma in a preclinical model. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight “nude” rats were grafted with human U87 cells into the right putamen and subsequently submitted to interstitial PDT. The rats were randomized into six groups, including two different sham groups and four different treated groups (5 fractions at 5 mW or 30 mW and 2 fractions at 5 mW or 30 mW). After photosensitizer (PS) precursor (5-ALA) intake, an optical fiber was introduced into the tumor. Treatment effects were assessed with early high-field MRI to acquire T1 and T2 diffusion and perfusion images. Results: There was no difference in the variation of the diffusion coefficient among the six groups (p=0.0549, Kruskal-Wallis test). However, a significant difference was identified among the six groups in terms of variation in perfusion (p=0.048, Kruskal-Wallis test), supporting a lesional effect in the treated groups. Additionally, the sham groups had significantly smaller edema volumes than were observed in the treated groups. Moreover, the 5-fraction group treated with 30 mW was associated with edema volumes that were significantly greater than those in the 5-fraction group treated with 5 mW (p=0.019). Conclusion: Based on observations of MRI data and considering treatment effects, the 5-fraction group treated at 5 mW was not significantly different from the other treated groups in terms of cell deaths, characterized by diffusion imaging, or necrosis level. However, the significantly lower level of edema observed in this group indicated that this treatment scheme had limited toxicity.
关键词： Glioblastoma,Photodynamic Therapy,High-Grade Glioma,PDT,PpIX,MRI,5-ALA,Magnetic Resonance Imaging
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14