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Development of naphthalimide-functionalized thermochromic conjugated polydiacetylenes and their reversible green-to-red chromatic transition in the solid state
摘要： Development of PDAs has received great attention in many fields due to their optical and chromatic properties towards external stimuli. In this article, two novel PDAs (NPI-PDA1 and NPI-PDA2) containing naphthalimide as a head group are designed and synthesized through self-assembly followed by topochemical polymerization, and these compounds show a reversible green-to-red colorimetric transition upon heating. PEO-embedded films are fabricated to facilitate the investigation of the thermochromic properties, and the surface morphologies of the films are observed by SEM analysis. The thermochromic behavior and color transitions are observed using photography and electronic absorption spectroscopy. The changes in the extended ene-yne conjugated system of the polymer during heat treatment are successfully monitored by Raman spectrometry. Moreover, PDA-embedded crayon wax-based hand-writable pens are fabricated and used efficiently on a solid substrate. NPI-PDA1 and NPI-PDA2 display excellent reversibility in the temperature ranges of 25–120 °C and 25–160 °C, respectively in the PEO polymer and paraffin wax matrices.
关键词： Thermochromism,PEO films,Green-to-red color transition,Polydiacetylene,Crayon pen
更新于2025-11-21 10:59:37
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Morphology Tuning of ZnO/P3HT/P3HT-b-PEO Hybrid Films Deposited via Spray or Spin Coating
摘要： Hybrid films of zinc oxide (ZnO) and poly(3-hexylthiophen-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) show promising characteristics for application in hybrid bulk heterojunction solar cells (HBSCs). However, the incompatibility of ZnO and P3HT may lead to a reduced interface area, thus reducing the probability of exciton separation and consequently lowering solar cells efficiencies. Here, a diblock copolymer P3HT-b-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) is introduced to improve the interface between ZnO and P3HT. ZnO is synthesized via a block copolymer assisted sol-gel approach and the used zinc precursor is directly incorporated into the PEO blocks. Thus, the possibility of aggregation is reduced for both, the inorganic and the organic components and a good intermixing is ascertained. Two deposition methods, namely spray and spin coating are compared with respect to the resulting film structure, which is investigated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and time-of-flight grazing-incidence small-angle neutron scattering (TOF-GISANS) measurements. Both, the surface and inner morphologies reveal that the spin coated samples possess smaller and less diverse domain sizes than the sprayed films. Due to the advantage of spray coating in large-scale production, the morphology of the sprayed samples is tailored more meticulous by changing the weight fraction of ZnO in the films. The sprayed hybrid films show smaller domains and less aggregation with decreasing amount of ZnO. This reveals that both, the deposition method and composition of the ZnO/P3HT/P3HT-b-PEO hybrid films play an important role for the film morphology and thus for improving the performance of HBSCs in future application.
关键词： spray coating,morphology,spin coating,ZnO/P3HT/P3HT-b-PEO,TOF-GISANS
更新于2025-11-14 15:19:41
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Characterization of the optical absorption, electric modulus, and thermal conductivity of poly(ethylene oxide) dispersed with alum and carbon black nanoparticles
摘要： Optical, electrical, and thermal properties of hybrid polymer thin films, made of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) filled with electrolyte alum salt of different concentrations, and doped with conductive carbon black (CB) nanoparticles (0.1 wt%), have been investigated. The optical properties were studied in the UV-visible wavelength range, thermal properties were studied as a function of temperature, filler content, and applied field frequency. The observed physical constants of the casted thin films like optical energy gap, energy tails, refractive index, thermal conductivity, impedance, dielectric constant, and electric modulus were determined. It was found that these measured quantities vary with the incident UV-wavelength, alum content, temperature and applied field frequency. The dependence of the electric modulus on frequency exhibit a relaxation peak occurs at 600 kHz.
关键词： Dielectric,Optical,Impedance,Thermal Conductivity,PEO,CB
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Pulsed laser ablation route assisted copper oxide nanoparticles doped in Polyethylene Oxide/Polyvinyl pyrrolidone blend for enhancement the electrical conductivity
摘要： Polyethylene Oxide/Polyvinyl pyrrolidone blend was doped by Copper Oxide Nanoparticles (CuONPs) prepared by laser ablation process. Synthesized Copper oxide nanoparticles were prepared by ablating pure copper plate immersed in DDW by nanosecond Nd:YAG laser in different times. PEO/PVP/CuONPs nanocomposites have been synthesized via casting technique. Effect of CuONPs doping on enhancing PEO/PVP have been obtained. The influence of various times of laser ablation on the properties of the synthesized nanocomposite films was analyzed via several techniques. SEM and XRD proved the interaction between PEO/PVP blend and CuONPs. The presence of the distinctive absorption peak at UV-Vis range at 277 nm was due to copper oxide surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The direct and indirect optical band gap values illustrate a decrease following doping of copper oxide inside PEO/PVP matrix. Dielectric constant and dielectric loss activity gradually diminished as the frequency rises. AC conductivity were increased as laser time increased.
关键词： Copper oxide nanoparticles,Pulsed laser ablation,Ac conductivity,PEO/PVP
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Nanosecond laser ablation assisted the enhancement of antibacterial activity of copper oxide nano particles embedded though Polyethylene Oxide/Polyvinyl pyrrolidone blend matrix
摘要： Via one-step Laser Ablation process, different contributions of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) were scattered through Polyethylene Oxide (PEO)/Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) blend matrix. The obtained films were characterized via XRD and FTIR. Their micro-structural features and morphological behaviors were investigated using TEM and FESEM. The CuONPs were formed in a spherical shapes with dimensions around 50 nm in case of processing time 5.0 min, while their size was deteriorated at t=25.0 min to be around 30 nm upon TEM micrographs. In addition, surface roughness average was enhanced from 26.0 nm at no contribution of CuONPs reaching to 37.0 nm at the highest content. The composite films displayed antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus upon CuONPs contribution. The antibacterial activity jumped from no effect at no-contribution of CuONPs to be around 89– 4 % and 82– 3 % against E. coli and S. aureus respectively at their highest contribution. Therefore, it could be seen that these films were carried out using facile method and displayed a great effectiveness through biological environment which could encourage more investigations for these compositions to be suggested for wound healing applications.
关键词： PVP,laser ablation,Antibacterial,CuONPs,PEO
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Improved photoelectric performance of all-inorganic perovskite through different additives for green light-emitting diodes
摘要： The exceptional optical and electronic properties of all-inorganic cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) perovskite make it an ideal new optoelectronic material, but low surface coverage limits its performance. The morphological characteristics of thin films have a great influence on the performance of perovskite light emitting diodes, especially at low coverage, and an inhomogeneous surface will lead to current leakage. To tackle this problem, the widespread adoption of composite layers including polymers poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and organic insulating poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) and all-inorganic perovskites is an effective way to increase the surface coverage and uniformity of perovskite films and improve the performance of perovskite light emitting devices. In our work, the perovskite thin films are investigated by using PEO and PVP dual additives, and the optimized CsPbBr3–PEO–PVP LED with maximum luminance, current efficiency, and external quantum efficiency of 2353 cd m?2 (at 7.2 V), 2.14 cd A?1 (at 6.5 V) and 0.85% (at 6.5 V) was obtained. This work indicates that the method of using additives is not only the key to enhancing the quality of perovskite thin film, but also the key to achieving a higher performance perovskite LED.
关键词： PVP,all-inorganic perovskite,PEO,photoelectric performance,light-emitting diodes
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Q-switching Zirconia-Erbium-doped Pulsed Fiber Laser with MWCNTs-PEO as Saturable Absorber
摘要： Q-switched pulses provide a significant contribution to recent biomedical applications such as laser treatment, medical imaging, biomedical diagnoses and spectroscopy due to high efficiency, compact device, less footprint, flexibility and cost effective. A successful generation of Q-switching pulsed fiber laser by using a homemade fiber of zirconia-based erbium-doped fiber (Zr-EDF) with the utilization multi-walled carbon nanotubes-polyethylene oxide (MWCNTs-PEO) as saturable absorber is reported. The active medium is 1 meter length of Zr-EDF with -0.6 ps2 group delay dispersion (GDD) for overall setup arrangement. At maximum pump power 126 mW, the repetition rate, pulse duration, output power and pulse energy are 17.3 kHz, 7.57 μs, 1.13 mW and 65.03 nJ, respectively.
关键词： MWCNTs-PEO,Saturable Absorber,Pulsed Fiber Laser,Q-switching,Zirconia-Erbium-doped fiber
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Preparation and Performance of Porous Polymer Electrolytes Doped with Nano-Al <sub/>2</sub> O <sub/>3</sub>
摘要： Porous polymer electrolytes (PPEs) doped with nano-Al2O3 were prepared by a joint application of ultrasonic treatment and control evaporation in vacuum oven. The morphology, pore size distribution, thermal, electrochemical and mechanical properties of the PPEs were investigated. The porosity distribution of PPEs was uniform and their pore size was relatively modest. The total resistance (R t) of PPEs with 10% Al2O3 is only 9 Ω at 80 °C. The maximum tensile strength of the PPEs membranes reached to 24.43 MPa. The results show that nano-Al2O3 can improve the comprehensive performance of PPEs without compromising their conductivity and diplayed the good application prospects of Al2O3-modi?ed PPEs for lithium-ion batteries.
关键词： PEO-PMMA Blends,Nano-Al2O3,Porous Polymer Electrolytes,Interfacial Compatibility,Lithium-Ion Batteries
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Electrical Conductivity Modulation of Crosslinked Composite Nanofibers Based on PEO and PEDOT:PSS
摘要： The aim of this work is to investigate the development of nano?ber mats, based on intrinsically conductive polymers (ICPs), which show simultaneously a high electrical conductivity and mandatory insoluble water properties. In particular, the nano?bers, thanks to their properties such as high surface area, porosity, and their ability to o?er a preferential pathway for electron ?ow, play a crucial role to improve the essential characteristics ensured by ICPs. The nano?ber mats are obtained by electrospinning process, starting from a polymeric solution made of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). PEO is selected not only as a dopant to increase the electrical/ionic conductivity, as deeply reported in the literature, but also to ensure the proper stability of the polymeric jet, to collect a dried nano?ber mat. Moreover, in the present work, two di?erent treatments are proposed in order to induce crosslinking between PEO chains and PEDOT:PSS, made insoluble into water which is the ?nal sample. The ?rst process is based on a heating treatment, conducted at 130°C under nitrogen atmosphere for 6 h, named the annealing treatment. The second treatment is provided by UV irradiation that is e?ective to induce a ?nal crosslinking, when a photoinitiator, such as benzophenone, is added. Furthermore, we demonstrate that both crosslinking treatments can be used to verify the preservation of nanostructures and their good electrical conductivity after water treatment (i.e., water resistance). In particular, we con?rm that the crosslinking method with UV irradiation results to being more e?ective than the standard annealing treatment. Indeed, we demonstrate that the processing time, required to obtain the ?nal crosslinked nano?ber mats with a high electrical conductance, results to being smaller than the one needed during the heating treatment.
关键词： PEO,PEDOT:PSS,intrinsically conductive polymers,electrical conductivity,nano?ber mats,water resistance,electrospinning,crosslinking
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Molecular structure of PANI and its homologue PANI–PEO2000 catalyzed by Maghnite-H+ (Algerian MMT): synthesis, characterization and physical and chemical properties
摘要： The homopolymer (PANI) and its homologue PANI–PEO2000 copolymer have been prepared under effect of Maghnite-H+ (Algerian MMT) in different weight percentages (wt%) by cationic polymerization method. The formation of the hydrogen bonding between PANI and PEO2000 and structure of PANI are predicted by the FT-IR and 1HNMR spectra. Glass transition temperature of pure PANI and pure PEO2000 are, respectively, Tg = 74 °C and Tg = 65 °C, but DSC analysis for the copolymer (PANI–PEO2000) showed only one (Tg = 16.79 °C) implying compatibility of PANI and PEO2000. Here we can suggest that under suitable condition (the amount of catalyst, molecular weight and functionality of the reactive stabilizer (PEO2000) and molar ratio of (PANI/PEO2000), our catalyst can improve the morphology, structure and chemical properties of PANI and its homologue PANI–PEO2000.
关键词： Maghnite-H+,1HNMR spectroscopy,DSC,PEO,GPC,Conducting polymer,Green catalyst,Polyaniline
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46