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- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
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Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes, Photovoltaics and Wind || Solar Industrial Process Heat
摘要： Very large amounts of energy are used for low-temperature process heat in industry, for such diverse applications as drying of lumber or food, cleaning in food processing, extraction operations in metallurgical or chemical processing, cooking, curing of masonry products, paint drying, and many others. Temperatures for these applications can range from near ambient to those corresponding to low-pressure steam, and energy can be provided from flat-plate collectors or concentrating collectors of low concentration ratios.
关键词： flat-plate collectors,low-temperature process,solar energy,concentrating collectors,industrial process heat
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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The Studies of Plasma Torch Processes by Laser Beam Welding
摘要： The manufacturing of significant products with help of laser beam welding technologies requires higher stability characteristics of such technologies; this explains the necessity to run on-line testing procedures of through pro-melting process. This type of testing can be carried out by the registration of plasma streams that occur under a work piece by through pro-melting [i.e. metal undergoes an intensive laser beam thermal processing].
关键词： collectors of charged particles,plasma,informational-measuring system,plasma torch,analog-to-digital converter,ionization of metal vapor,welding of small thickness products,laser beam welding,through pro-melting
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes, Photovoltaics and Wind || Selected Heat Transfer Topics
摘要： This chapter is intended to review those aspects of heat transfer that are important in the design and analysis of solar collectors and systems. It begins with a review of radiation heat transfer, which is often given cursory treatment in standard heat transfer courses. The next sections review some convection correlations for internal flow and wind-induced flow. The role of convection and conduction heat transfer in the performance of solar systems is obvious. Radiation heat transfer plays a role in bringing energy to the earth, but not so obvious is the significant role radiation heat transfer plays in the operation of solar collectors. In usual engineering practice, radiation heat transfer is often negligible. In a solar collector, the energy flux is often two orders of magnitude smaller than in conventional heat transfer equipment, and thermal radiation is a significant mode of heat transfer.
关键词： convection,conduction,radiation,solar collectors,heat transfer
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes, Photovoltaics and Wind || System Thermal Calculations
摘要： In Chapters 6 through 9 we have developed mathematical models for two of the key components in solar energy systems: collectors and storage units. In this chapter we show how other components can be modeled and how the component models can be combined into system models. With information on the magnitude and time distribution of the system loads and the weather, it is possible to simultaneously solve the set of equations to estimate the thermal performance of a solar process over any time period. These estimates (simulations) are usually done numerically and provide information on the expected dynamic behavior of the system and long-term integrated performance.
关键词： mathematical models,solar energy systems,simulations,thermal performance,collectors,storage units
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes, Photovoltaics and Wind || Solar Cooling
摘要： The use of solar energy to drive cooling cycles has been considered for two related purposes, to provide refrigeration for food preservation and to provide comfort cooling. In Section 15.1 we briefly review some of the literature relating to both of the applications, since there is a common underlying technology. From then on, we concentrate on problems relating to solar air conditioning. In particular, for application in temperate climates, we address questions of the use of flat-plate collectors for both winter heating and summer cooling.
关键词： flat-plate collectors,cooling cycles,refrigeration,comfort cooling,solar air conditioning,solar energy
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes, Photovoltaics and Wind || Solar Thermal Power Systems
摘要： Conversion of solar to mechanical and electrical energy has been the objective of experiments for over a century. In 1872, Mouchot exhibited a steam-powered printing press at the Paris Exposition, in 1902 the Pasadena Ostrich Farm system was exhibited, and in 1913 a solar-operated irrigation plant started its brief period of operation at Meadi, Egypt. These and other developments utilized concentrating collectors to supply steam to heat engines. An interesting historical review of these experiments is provided by Jordan and Ibele (1956). In May of 2002 the ASME Journal of Solar Energy Engineering published a special issue on solar thermal power.
关键词： heat engines,mechanical energy,electrical energy,solar thermal power,concentrating collectors
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes, Photovoltaics and Wind || Concentrating Collectors
摘要： For many applications it is desirable to deliver energy at temperatures higher than those possible with flat-plate collectors. Energy delivery temperatures can be increased by decreasing the area from which heat losses occur. This is done by interposing an optical device between the source of radiation and the energy-absorbing surface. The small absorber will have smaller heat losses compared to a flat-plate collector at the same absorber temperature. In this chapter we discuss two related approaches: the use of nonimaging concentrators and the use of imaging concentrators.
关键词： Solar Radiation,Concentrating Collectors,Nonimaging Concentrators,Energy Delivery,Imaging Concentrators
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Influence of the Solarus AB reflector geometry and position of receiver on the output of the concentrating photovoltaic thermal collector
摘要： The main goal of the paper is to study, model and characterize suitable designs for a concentrating PVT collector at different locations on the globe to optimise the power at the receiver without cost penalties of the overall system. The power output and the number of photons collected in the receiver of the solar collector is analysed in details with respect to the time of the year, the inclination angle of the collector and also the hourly variation of the day. With standard MaReCo simulations are performed at Lisbon, G?vle and Delhi. It has been found that with a little orientation change in the system for lower latitude places, the performance of MaReCo improved further. Four new solar collector models, modified MaReCo with receiver at the focus, parabolic collector with receiver at side edge, parabolic collectors with vertical receiver at the middle, parabolic collector with horizontal receiver at the focus are introduced, and simulations are performed at Nairobi and Lisbon. The parabolic collector with side edge receiver is found to be the best suitable collector at the equatorial region for all the season.
关键词： MaReCo,Parabolic collectors,Inverted orientation
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Progress of MWCNT, Al <sub/>2</sub> O <sub/>3</sub> , and CuO with water in enhancing the photovoltaic thermal system
摘要： Hybrid photovoltaic thermal system is an effective method to convert solar energy into electrical and thermal energy. However, its effectiveness is widely affected due to the high temperature of photovoltaic panel, and it can be minimized by employing nanofluids to the PV/T systems. In this research, the effect of various nanoparticles on the PV/T systems was studied experimentally. The nanofluids Al2O3, CuO, and multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) were dispersed with water at different volume fractions of 0, 0.5, 1, 2.5, and 5 (vol%) using ultrasonication process. The effect of nanomaterials on viscosity and density was classified. All tests were carried out in an outdoor laboratory setup for calibrating the PV temperatures, thermal conductivity, electrical power, electrical efficiency, and overall efficiency. In addition, the energy analyses were also made to estimate the loss of heat owing to the nanofluids. Results show that use of the nanofluid increased the electric power and electrical efficiency of PV/T compared with water. Furthermore, MWCNT and CuO reduced the cell temperature by 19%. Consequently, the nanofluids MWCNT, Al2O3, and CuO produced the impressive values of 60%, 55%, and 52% increase in an average electrical efficiency than conventional PV. Particularly, the MWCNT produced superior results compared with other materials. It is evidently clear from the result that the introduction of the nanofluid increases the thermal efficiency without adding any extra energy to the system. Moreover, insertion of Al2O3, CuO, and MWCNT on PV/T system increases the exergy efficiency more than conventional PV module.
关键词： photovoltaic thermal system,solar energy,nanoparticles,nanofluid,exergy,hybrid PV/T collectors
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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[IEEE 2018 International Conference on Smart City and Emerging Technology (ICSCET) - Mumbai, India (2018.1.5-2018.1.5)] 2018 International Conference on Smart City and Emerging Technology (ICSCET) - Floating Solar Collector for Hybrid Hydro-Solar Power Plant
摘要： In the current era of energy technology, almost popular branch in engineering which deals about study of conventional and non-conventional source of energy for production of non-conventional source of energy is our motto in this paper and application of floating solar collectors requires hybrid-solar power plant is manly discussed in this paper. The main concept of this paper is to generate the electricity to use of solar energy. Since hydroelectricity is the non –conventional source of energy but with the help of solar p-v panels which is the source of conventional source of energy, we can produce the energy throughout the year. We can utilize renewable source of emery for production of electricity. Solar energy is the rich source of energy for production of energy. Solar energy converted to useful energy indirectly via other energy form. There is some limitation to use solar energy as well as some advantage of use of solar emery.
关键词： Hybrid system,Hybrid hydro Solar power plant,Floating solar collectors,Use of solar energy,Future scope
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36