- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
-
[IEEE 2019 20th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems & Eurosensors XXXIII (TRANSDUCERS & EUROSENSORS XXXIII) - Berlin, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 20th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems & Eurosensors XXXIII (TRANSDUCERS & EUROSENSORS XXXIII) - Manipulation of Biomolecules Into Nanogap by Plasmonic Optical Excitation for Highly Sensitive Biosensing
摘要： This paper presents an apparatus and methodology for an advanced accelerated power cycling test of insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) modules. In this test, the accelerated power cycling test can be performed under more realistic electrical operating conditions with online wear-out monitoring of tested power IGBT module. The various realistic electrical operating conditions close to real three-phase converter applications can be achieved by the simple control method. Further, by the proposed concept of applying the temperature stress, it is possible to apply various magnitudes of temperature swing in a short cycle period and to change the temperature cycle period easily. Thanks to a short temperature cycle period, test results can be obtained in a reasonable test time. A detailed explanation of apparatus such as configuration and control methods for the different functions of accelerated power cycling test setup is given. Then, an improved in situ junction temperature estimation method using on-state collector–emitter voltage VC E O N and load current is proposed. In addition, a procedure of advanced accelerated power cycling test and test results with 600 V, 30 A transfer molded IGBT modules are presented in order to verify the validity and effectiveness of the proposed apparatus and methodology. Finally, physics-of-failure analysis of tested IGBT modules is provided.
关键词： insulated-gate bipolar transistor module,physics-of-failure,power cycling test,lifetime model,Failure mechanism,reliability
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
-
Experimental Investigations Conducted for the Characteristic Study of OM29 Phase Change Material and Its Incorporation in Photovoltaic Panel
摘要： The solar photovoltaic (PV) system is emerging energetically in meeting the present energy demands. A rise in PV module temperature reduces the electrical efficiency, which fails to meet the expected energy demand. The main objective of this research was to study the nature of OM29, which is an organic phase change material (PCM) used for PV module cooling during the summer season. A heat transfer network was developed to minimize the experimental difficulties and represent the working model as an electrical resistance circuit. Most existing PV module temperature (TPV) reduction technology fails to achieve the effective heat transfer from the PV module to PCM because there is an intermediate layer between the PV module and PCM. In this proposed method, liquid PCM is filled directly on the back surface of the PV module to overcome the conduction barrier and PCM attains the thermal energy directly from the PV module. Further, the rear side of the PCM is enclosed by tin combined with aluminium to avoid any leakages during phase change. Experimental results show that the PV module temperature decreased by a maximum of 1.2 ?C using OM29 until 08:30. However, after 09:00, the OM29 PCM was unable to lower the TPV because OM29 is not capable of maintaining the latent heat property for a longer time and total amount of the PCM experimented in this study was not sufficient to store the PV module generated thermal energy for an entire day. The inability of the presented PCM to lower the temperature of the PV panel was attributed to the lower melting point of OM29. PCM back sheet was incapable of dissipating the stored PCM’s thermal energy to the ambient, and this makes the experimented PCM unsuitable for the selected location during summer.
关键词： PV module cooling,Thermal absorption,Organic PCM,Thermal dissipation
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
-
Prediction of Ia??V Characteristic Curve for Photovoltaic Modules Based on Convolutional Neural Network
摘要： Photovoltaic (PV) modules are exposed to the outside, which is affected by radiation, the temperature of the PV module back-surface, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure and other factors, which makes it difficult to test and analyze the performance of photovoltaic modules. Traditionally, the equivalent circuit method is used to analyze the performance of PV modules, but there are large errors. In this paper—based on machine learning methods and large amounts of photovoltaic test data—convolutional neural network (CNN) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network models are established to predict the I–V curve of photovoltaic modules. Furthermore, the accuracy and the fitting degree of these methods for current–voltage (I–V) curve prediction are compared in detail. The results show that the prediction accuracy of the CNN and MLP neural network model is significantly better than that of the traditional equivalent circuit models. Compared with MLP models, the CNN model has better accuracy and fitting degree. In addition, the error distribution concentration of CNN has better robustness and the pre-test curve is smoother and has better nonlinear segment fitting effects. Thus, the CNN is superior to MLP model and the traditional equivalent circuit model in complex climate conditions. CNN is a high-confidence method to predict the performance of PV modules.
关键词： convolutional neural network,photovoltaic module,current–voltage curve,multilayer perceptron
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
-
Omni-direction PERC solar cells harnessing periodic locally focused light incident through patterned PDMS encapsulation
摘要： Photovoltaic panels based on crystalline Si solar cells are the most widely utilized renewable source of electricity, and there has been a significant effort to produce panels with a higher energy conversion efficiency. Typically, these developments have focused on cell-level device modifications to restrict the recombination of photo-generated charge carriers, and concepts such as back surface field, passivated emitter and rear contact (PERC), interdigitated back contact, and heterojunction with intrinsic thin layer solar cells have been established. Here, we propose quasi-Fermi level control using periodic local focusing of incident light by encapsulation with polydimethylsiloxane to improve the performance of solar cells at the module-level; such improvements can complement cell-level enhancements. Locally focused incident light is used to modify the internal quasi-Fermi level of PERC solar cells owing to the localized photon distribution within the cell. Control of the local focusing conditions induces different quasi-Fermi levels, and therefore results in different efficiency changes. For example, central focusing between fingers enhances the current density with a reduced fill factor, whereas multiple local focusing enhances the fill factor rather than the current density. Here, these effects were explored for various angles of incidence, and the total electrical energy production was increased by 3.6% in comparison to a bare cell. This increase is significant as conventional ethylene vinyl acetate-based encapsulation reduces the efficiency as short-wavelength light is attenuated. However, this implies that additional module-scale studies are required to optimize local focusing methods and their synergy with device-level modifications to produce advanced photovoltaics.
关键词： quasi-Fermi level control,module-level enhancements,energy conversion efficiency,Photovoltaic panels,crystalline Si solar cells,local focusing,polydimethylsiloxane,PERC solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
-
A numerical study on a photovoltaic thermal system integrated with a thermoelectric generator module
摘要： In this work, a three-dimensional numerical model is developed to investigate the performance of a photovoltaic thermal system integrated with a thermoelectric generator module (PVT/TE). Furthermore, the effects of various operating parameters such as solar radiation, coolant mass flow rate, and inlet and ambient temperatures on the performance of both the PVT and PVT/TE systems are investigated and compared. Based on the obtained results, the electrical efficiency of the PVT/TE system, when exposed to solar radiation of 600 and 1000 W/m2, is 6.23% and 10.41% higher than that of the PVT system, respectively. Besides, the electrical efficiency of the PVT and PVT/TE by increasing the inlet fluid temperature from 26 oC to 34 oC, reduces by 2.58% and 4.56%, respectively. Furthermore, by increasing the ambient temperature from 26 oC to 34 oC, the electrical efficiency of the PVT reduces by 1.43%, the electrical efficiency of the PVT/TE increases by 0.82%. Based on the simulation results, the electrical efficiency of the PVT/TE system is much higher than that of the PVT system, while the PVT system benefits from higher thermal efficiency in comparison to the PVT/TE system.
关键词： Numerical simulation,Electrical efficiency,Thermal efficiency,Thermoelectric generator module (TE),Photovoltaic thermal system (PVT)
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
-
Separation and recovery of materials from the waste light emitting diode (LED) modules by solvent method
摘要： Nowadays, a large quantity of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) have been produced and updated with the development of optoelectronic industry. At the same time, many waste LEDs are discarded. However, there are many metals and non-metals in waste LEDs, which may cause secondary pollution and waste of resources if disposed improperly. In this study, solvent method was used to dissociate the waste LED modules and recycle resources. Firstly, the components of the waste LED modules were analyzed. The main component of the transparent plastic part, usually used as packaging materials, is cured epoxy resin, and the main component of the white plastic part as the skeleton of LED modules is a mixture of polyphenylene oxide (PPO) and polystyrene (PS). Then, eight organic solvents, [EMIM+]BF4? ion liquid and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) inorganic reagent were tried to separate a 40 × 40 mm2 waste LED module respectively. The results showed that only three organic solvents—dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylacetamide (DMA), dimethyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) could dissociate the waste LED module very well. The used DMF solution was purified by rotary evaporation, and the regenerative DMF solution could be reused because its property has not changed. The solid residue obtained after rotary evaporating DMF was identified as polystyrene (PS). It was inferred that the waste LED module was dissociated through the DMF dissolving the PS of white plastic. In addition, the effect of DMF, DMA and DMSO dissociating the waste LED modules with the change of temperature was discussed. It was found that the choice of suitable solvent is a key for this method, and the heating temperature was also a very important factor. Finally, it was measured that the cured epoxy resin and the white plastic of the waste LED module accounted for about 31.4% (w/w) and 37.7% (w/w) respectively, which can be recycled. In short, the method not only separated completely the waste LED module and its each part was recycled easily, but the solvents can be reused. This study suggests a new route to recycle LEDs due to its environmentally friendly process, which may exert a significantly beneficial impact on our environment.
关键词： Organic solvent,DMF,LED module
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
-
Experimental Assessment of a Smart Sun Tracking System Consumption for the Improvement of a Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Module Performance under Variable Weather Conditions
摘要： Sun tracking systems are often used to improve the performance of crystalline silicon photovoltaic plants. However, their power consumption still remains a challenge till date. In this paper, a low power consumption sun tracking system has been implemented for driving a crystalline silicon photovoltaic module under variable weather conditions. The experimental results showed that this sun follower consumes less than 1% of the increased energy. Taking into account the tracker consumption, the energy gain can attain up to 25% under the same weather conditions compared to a fixed photovoltaic system. In addition to that, results gotten from data-based simulations are coherent with experimental results.
关键词： smart sun tracking system,supervision algorithm,data-based simulations,performance of photovoltaic module,microcontroller unit
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
-
[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Impact of High-Order Effects on Soliton Explosions in the Complex Cubic-Quintic Ginzburg-Landau Equation
摘要： With the appearance of Global Navigation Satellite Systems spoofers, anti-spoofing has become a pressing issue. Intermediate spoofing is performed at a power only slightly higher than that of an authentic signal; therefore, it is quite difficult to detect counterfeit signals in real time via current detection methods. Multimodal detection is a well-known method for detecting counterfeit signals. However, it is often used in the acquisition stage, and thus, its effective time is very short. In this paper, we define the searching process as when the acquisition module does not need to find new signals. In addition, we utilize multimodal detection to detect intermediate spoofing in the acquisition module when performing the searching process, which is almost real time and can address the condition of arbitrary signal intervals. The acquisition module is used to monitor the signals that are being tracked; if we find at least two peaks above a threshold, we declare that counterfeit signals are detected. Then, we define an evaluation standard and provide a theoretical performance calculation method. An empirical formula is proposed to calculate the method’s performance. By analyzing the effect of five influencing factors, we better understand the empirical formula and obtain the conclusion that, by decreasing the code phase’s search step, we can obtain better detection results. The results are desirable for designing anti-spoofing receivers.
关键词： empirical formula,multimodal detection,counterfeit signals,acquisition module,Intermediate spoofing
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
-
Exergoeconomic and enviroeconomic analysis of semitransparent and opaque photovoltaic (PV) panels: a comparative study
摘要： In present communication exergoeconomic and enviroeconomic analyses of two different stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) modules viz. semitransparent and opaque have been performed. The exergoeconomic examination is very useful way to investigate the correlation between capital cost and exergy losses. The enviroeconomic analysis describes the carbon dioxide mitigation by the system. The energy (electrical) produced annually by semitransparent and opaque PV panel is also evaluated. It is reported that the semitransparent panel shows better performance as for as energy saving are concern. Environmental cost reduction is found to be 128.7 Rs. /year and 125.95 Rs. /year for semitransparent and opaque PV modules, respectively.
关键词： PV module,Exergoeconomic,exergy,enviroeconomic
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
-
Silicon solar cell-integrated stress and temperature sensors for photovoltaic modules
摘要： We propose silicon solar cell–integrated stress and temperature sensors as a new approach for the stress and temperature measurement in photovoltaic (PV) modules. The solar cell–integrated sensors enable a direct and continuous in situ measurement of mechanical stress and temperature of solar cells within PV modules. In this work, we present a proof of concept for stress and temperature sensors on a silicon solar cell wafer. Both sensors were tested in a conventional PV module setup. For the stress sensor, a sensitivity of (?47.41 ± 0.14)%/GPa has been reached, and for the temperature sensor, a sensitivity of (3.557 ± 0.008) × 10?3 K?1 has been reached. These sensors can already be used in research for increased measurement accuracy of the temperature and the mechanical stress in PV modules because of the implementation at the precise location of the solar cells within a laminate stack, for process evaluation, in-situ measurements in reliability tests, and the correlation with real exposure to climates.
关键词： in situ measurement,temperature measurement,PV module,temperature sensor,stress sensor,stress measurement,predictive maintenance
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57