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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Mitigation of the Variability of a PV Fleet via Geographical Dispersion and Energy Storage Systems on the Reunion Island Non-Interconnected Grid
摘要： In this paper, the geographical dispersion of PV installations and Energy Storage System (ESS) are studied to smooth PV production on Reunion Island. Despite the small area of the Island, the results show that with dispersion at the total grid scale, the variability driven by weather conditions (unpredictable variability) is almost removed. Then a centralized EES management at grid scale and a few large EES units could mitigate the variability even further with a relative low cost.
关键词： Photovoltaic systems,grid integration,ramps mitigation,geographical dispersion
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Controlling dye coverage instead of addition of organic acid to reduce dye aggregation in dye-sensitized solar cells
摘要： The photo-generated electron injection yield of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based on donor-acceptor conjugated dyes is lowered by the aggregation of surface adsorbed organic dyes that pose a low-photoenergy conversion efficiency. Coadsorbates used to prevent the aggregation cause to decompose or detach the dye molecules anchored on the TiO2 surface. In this study, the effect of coadsorption of organic acid and organic dyes on photovoltaic performances was systematically scrutinized by means of adsorption isotherms and photovoltaic measurements. Our laboratory synthesized {0 1 0}-faceted TiO2 (PA TiO2) and P25 TiO2 were used as meso-porous nanocrystals, D149 organic dye was used as a sensitizer and cheno-deoxycholic acid, CDA, was used as a coadsorbate. The coadsorption of CDA reduces the adsorption parameters, maximum adsorption density (Qm) and adsorption constant (Kad), and the reduction depended on the type of TiO2. The photovoltaic performance indicates that the D149 dye has the best dye coverage at around 70% for the effective photovoltaic energy conversion. The coadsorption of CDA increased the photovoltaic performances of DSSCs based on P25 TiO2 but, CDA decreased the photovoltaic performances of DSSCs based on PA TiO2 due to the reduction of the dye coverage below 70%. The results suggest that the coadsorption of organic acids is not necessary if the particular TiO2 can maintain its coverage at the best coverage. Thus, the requirement of coadsorbates to reduce the dye aggregation depends on the type of TiO2 used in DSSCs.
关键词： Coverage,Adsorption isotherms,Coadsoptions,Aggregations,Photovoltaic performances,Dye-sensitized solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Structure-Property Correlation Study for Organic Photovoltaic Polymer Materials Using Data Science Approach
摘要： A study workflow that utilizes several data science methods to apply on polymer materials databases is introduced to reveal correlations among their properties, structural information, or molecular descriptors. The data science methods used in this pipeline include unsupervised machine learning (ML) method self-organizing mapping (SOM) and polymer molecular descriptor generator, both of which have been tailored to fit the polymer materials study. To demonstrate how this pipeline can be applied in this context, we used it on an organic photovoltaic (OPV) donor polymer database to investigate which properties or structural factors positively correlate with the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of OPV materials. This led us to discover that among the studied 8 properties and 11 molecular descriptors, only the photon energy loss (Eloss) and the number of fluorine atoms (nF) show strong positive correlations with PCE values, which is consistent with other verified studies. We also discovered that research trends can also be statistically visualized using our method. In our case study, we found that most of the studied OPV donor materials in the database have branched side chains and typically 7 to 12 non-Hydrogen atoms, and high PCE materials usually have 6 to 9 aromatics rings as well. These results proved that the data science pipeline proposed in this study provides a fast and effective way to obtain research insights for polymer materials.
关键词： self-organizing mapping,data science,molecular descriptors,polymer materials,organic photovoltaic,power conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Photogenerated-Carrier Separation and Transfer in Two-Dimensional Janus Transition Metal Dichalcogenides and Graphene van der Waals Sandwich Heterojunction Photovoltaic Cells
摘要： Two-dimensional (2D) Janus transition metal dichalcogenides (JTMDs) show direct band gaps and strong visible-light absorption with promising applications in photovoltaic (PV) cells. Here, we investigate the electronic structures and dynamics of photogenerated carriers in 2D JTMDs and graphene van der Waals sandwich heterojunction (G/JTMDs/G) photovoltaic cells by using first-principles calculations. We find that the intrinsic built-in electric field in JTMDs results in an asymmetry potential, which can be used to effectively enhance the separation and transfer of photogenerated carriers from JTMDs to different graphene layers with a preferred direction within hundreds of femtoseconds in the G/JTMDs/G heterostructures. Furthermore, the photogenerated electrons (holes) can transfer from monolayer MoSSe (MoSeTe) to the graphene sheets by the Se side with lower (higher) potential, while the transfer of the photogenerated holes (electrons) is prohibited due to the large separation between donor and acceptor states.
关键词： First-principles calculations,van der Waals heterostructures,Janus transition metal dichalcogenides,Photogenerated carriers,Two-dimensional materials,Graphene,Charge transfer,Photovoltaic cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Photovoltaic organic interface for neuronal stimulation in the near-infrared
摘要： Organic materials, such as conjugated polymers, are attractive building blocks for bioelectronic interfaces. In particular, organic semiconductors show excellent performance in light-mediated excitation and silencing of neuronal cells and tissues. However, the main challenges of these organic photovoltaic interfaces compared to inorganic prostheses are the limited adhesion of conjugated polymers in aqueous environments and the exploitation of materials responsive in the visible spectrum. Here, we show a photovoltaic organic interface optimized for neuronal stimulation in the near-infrared spectrum. We adjusted the organic materials by chemical modification in order to improve the adhesion in an aqueous environment and to modulate the photoelectrical stimulation efficiency. As proof-of-principle, we tested this interface on explanted degenerated mice retinas, thus providing results on the efficiency and reliability of the device as an implant for neural stimulation.
关键词： organic semiconductors,bioelectronic interfaces,neuronal stimulation,near-infrared spectrum,photovoltaic interfaces
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Residual stress analysis of thin film photovoltaic cells subjected to massive micro-particle impact
摘要： Residual stresses play a crucial role in both light-electricity conversion performances and the lifespan of photovoltaic (PV) cells. In this paper, the residual stress of triple junction cells (i.e. GaInP/GaInAs/Ge) induced by laser-driven massive micro-particle impact is analyzed with a novel method based on backscattering Raman spectroscopy. The impact process, which induces damage to the PV cells and brings the residual stress, is also investigated by optical microscopy (OM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results show that the PV cells would exhibit various damage patterns. At the same time, strong residual stresses up to hundreds of MPa introduced in the damaged PV cells after impact have been analysis, providing an effective perspective to better understand the damage behavior and residual stress features of PV cells during their service life.
关键词： Damage behavior,Residual stress,Photovoltaic cells,Micro-particle impact,Raman spectroscopy
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Charge Density Modulation on Asymmetric Fused-Ring Acceptors for High-Efficiency Photovoltaic Solar Cells
摘要： Charge density modulation on thieno[2'',3'':5',6']-s-indaceno[2',1':4,5]dithieno[3,2-b:2’,3’-d]pyrrole (IPT) core has been conducted for a systematic study of its impact on the electronic structure, molecular packing and photovoltaic performance of asymmetric fused-ring acceptors (FRAs). Herein, a series of IPT-based FRAs (ca. IN-4F, INO-4F, IPT-4F and IPCl-4F) are designed by adopting a corresponding side-chain of 2-ethylhexyl, 2-ethylhexyloxy, hydrogen or chloro onto IPT core. Enhanced electron-withdrawing side-chains contract the optical bandgap but lower the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level, which yields a trade-off between JSC and VOC in organic solar cells (OSCs). Furthermore, the FRAs exhibit tuned miscibility and crystallinity, reflected on the FF and JSC values of the OSCs. By pairing with polymer donor PM6, IPT-4F based devices achieve the highest PCE of 14.62% with balanced VOC of 0.88 V and JSC of 22.15 mA cm-2 and high FF of 75.01%. Our research demonstrates that electronic density modulation on asymmetric FRAs is an effective way to systematically optimize the device parameters in pursuit of high performance OSCs.
关键词： asymmetric fused-ring acceptors,Charge density modulation,electron-withdrawing side-chains,organic solar cells,photovoltaic performance
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Quantum dot material engineering boosting quantum dot sensitized solar cells efficiency over 13%
摘要： The intrinsic electronic structure and crystalline quality of quantum dot (QD) light-harvesting materials are among the primary reasons in determining the photovoltaic performance of resulting QD sensitized solar cells (QDSCs). Undoubtedly, exploiting appropriate high-quality QDs is a crucial route to improve the performance of QDSCs. In order to reduce the density of trap state defects, a ZnSe shell layer with wider bandgap is overgrown around the light-harvesting star material Zn-Cu-In-Se (ZCISe) alloy QDs to form the type-I core/shell structured ZCIS/ZnSe. Through this QD material engineering, average power conversion efficiency (PCE) of QDSCs was improved from 9.54% corresponding to pristine CuInSe2, to 12.49% from alloyed ZCISe, and to 13.71% for core/shell structured ZCISe/ZnSe QDs. A certified PCE of 13.49% has been obtained for the ZCIS/ZnSe QDSCs under AM 1.5G one sun irradiation. This value is a new record efficiency for QDSCs. The remarkable enhancement of photovoltaic performance for ZCIS/ZnSe-based QDSCs vs. ZCISe ones is mainly ascribed to the reduced density of trap state defects, which favours the suppression of charge recombination at photoanode/electrolyte interfaces and hence improves the photovoltage and fill factor, particularly. The steady state optical spectroscopy, diode ideality factor, transient absorption, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy characterizations confirm that the formed type-I core/shell structure can reduce the density of trap state defects and suppress charge recombination and improve the photovoltaic performance of the resulting cells. This work demonstrates the great potential of QD material engineering in improving the photovoltaic performance of QDSCs.
关键词： sensitized solar cells,photovoltaic performance,quantum dot,ZnSe,Zn-Cu-In-Se
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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A Local measurement based protection technique for distribution system with photovoltaic plants
摘要： Inverter interfaced distributed generation units contribute limited fault current and thereby the current magnitude-based protection schemes find limitation for such situations. Change in penetration level of renewable energy sources with time makes available protection schemes more challenging. The distinction between load and fault current is an issue and with high resistance fault, level of fault current and load current becomes comparable. In this paper, local measurement-based protection technique is proposed that uses current and voltage signals to derive accurate protection decision for a distribution system in the presence of distributed generation units. The method uses real and reactive power calculated at the relay point for the decision. The performance of the algorithm is tested for a 33 bus distribution system simulated using DIgSILENT PowerFactory. Considering such units, the method is tested for both islanded and grid-connected modes, the varying level of distributed generation penetration and for different fault resistances. The results demonstrate the strength of the proposed method over available techniques. The proposed method is also validated using hardware-in-loop testing using Arduino NANO microcontroller and OPAL-RT simulator in real-time.
关键词： DIgSILENT PowerFactory,protection technique,photovoltaic plants,Arduino NANO,OPAL-RT simulator,distributed generation units,local measurement
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing] Knowledge Engineering and Management Volume 214 || Knowledge-Based Decision System for Sizing Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Arrays
摘要： In this paper we have developed a methodology and a numerical model for sizing photovoltaic (PV) arrays for grid-connected power consumers. The decision variables proposed are the PV contribution to the power demand and a transfer factor. The latter is a new index that we have de?ned, and it constitutes key knowledge for decision making when aiming to reduce power transfers between a local power system and the electric grid. The developed model generates days of solar irradiance and calculates PV power output for commercial PV modules. Sizing diagrams are presented that illustrate how the PV capacity, for a speci?c location and a local power demand, affects the PV contribution to the demand and the power trades with grid. For the particular simulation conditions studied, the sizing diagrams show PV contribution saturation levels and global transfer factor minimums.
关键词： Photovoltaic solar power,Renewable energy,Optimization,Sizing
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01