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Gas-vapor Interplay in Plasmonic Bubble Shrinkage
摘要： The understanding of the shrinkage dynamics of plasmonic bubbles formed around metallic nanoparticles immersed in liquid and irradiated by a resonant light source is crucial for the usage of these bubbles in numerous applications. In this paper we experimentally show and theoretically explain that a plasmonic bubble during its shrinkage undergoes two different phases: first, a rapid partial bubble shrinkage governed by vapor condensation and, second, a slow diffusion-controlled bubble dissolution. The history of the bubble formation plays an important role in the shrinkage dynamics during the first phase, as it determines the gas-vapor ratio in the bubble composition. Higher laser powers lead to more vaporous bubbles, while longer pulses and higher dissolved air concentrations lead to more gaseous bubbles. The dynamics of the second phase barely depends on the history of bubble formation, i.e. laser power and pulse duration, but strongly on the dissolved air concentration, which defines the concentration gradient at the bubble interface. Finally, for the bubble dissolution in the second phase, with decreasing dissolved air concentration, we observe a gradual transition from a R(t) ∝ (t0 ? t)1/3 scaling law to a R(t) ∝ (t0 ? t)1/2 scaling law, where t0 is the lifetime of the bubble and theoretically explain this transition.
关键词： dissolved air concentration,laser power,pulse duration,plasmonic bubbles,vapor condensation,shrinkage dynamics,diffusion-controlled dissolution
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Plasmonic Bubble Nucleation in Binary Liquids
摘要： Metal nanoparticles under laser irradiation can produce enormous heat due to surface plasmon resonance. When submerged in a liquid this can lead to the nucleation of plasmonic bubbles. In the very early stage, the nucleation of a giant vapor bubble was observed with an ultrahigh-speed camera. In this study, the formation of this giant bubble on gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in six binary liquid combinations has been investigated. We find that the time delay between the beginning of the laser heating and the bubble nucleation is determined by the absolute amount of dissolved gas in the liquid. Moreover, the bubble volume mainly depends on the vaporization energy of the liquid, consisting of the latent heat of vaporization and the energy needed to reach the boiling temperature. Our results contribute to controlling the initial giant bubble nucleation and have strong bearings on applications of such bubbles.
关键词： binary liquids,Plasmonic bubbles,dissolved gas,vaporization energy,nucleation,gold nanoparticles
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52