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Maximum Power Photovoltaic Units Penetration under Voltage Constraints Criteria in Distribution Network Using Probabilistic Load Flow
摘要： Nowadays, the connections of Renewable Energy Sources to Distribution Networks are increasing in large number. In order to assess the performance of Distribution Network under normal operating conditions Probabilistic Load Flow analysis is necessary in order to take into consideration the stochastic behavior of Load Demands and Renewable Energy Sources (for example the Photovoltaics Generation Units). Generally, Deterministic Load Flow calculations are typically needed to assess the allowed Distributed Generation penetration level for a given network in order to ensure, for example, that Voltage limits are not exceeded. The present paper deals with the Probabilistic Load Flow using Monte Carlo techniques. The developed program allows probabilistic predictions of Voltages profiles at all buses or nodes of a Distribution Networks. A practical case is also discussed to show the application of the study in order to assess the maximum Photovoltaic power penetration that can be installed into a Distribution Network without violating Voltage Constraints.
关键词： Distribution Network,Distributed Generation,Probabilistic Load Flow,Photovoltaic Units,Renewable Energy Sources
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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[IEEE 2019 21st European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE '19 ECCE Europe) - Genova, Italy (2019.9.3-2019.9.5)] 2019 21st European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE '19 ECCE Europe) - Sub-Module Level Differential Power Processing for Parallel-Connected Architecture in Photovoltaic Systems
摘要： The partial shading on parallel-connected photovoltaic (PV) modules introduces severe mismatch issues in PV systems, which significantly affects the overall output power. Distributed maximum power point tracking (DMPPT) is considered as an effective solution to the resultant mismatch in parallel-connected PV sub-modules. In this context, this paper proposes a sub-module level switched-inductor (SL) based differential power processing (DPP) technique for parallel connections to alleviate the mismatch effect. The technique can achieve the maximum output power under mismatch by equalizing the sub-module voltages. The proposed technique is analyzed and compared through simulations with a traditional (Schottky diode) bypassing technique.
关键词： Renewable energy systems,Schottky diode,Distributed power,Photovoltaic
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Robust maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic generators based on real-time dynamic conductance estimation
摘要： In this paper, an innovative approach aimed to robustify maximum power point tracking, intended for managing a photovoltaic generator is presented. The method exploits the bond between photovoltaic generator static and dynamic conductance, utilizing their sum as the base controller management mutable data of the maximum power point tracking loop. Environmental condition and operating point are the significant variables that influence dynamic and static conductance values, consequently, when using a controller which design to a single nominal operation point a nominal response is un-achievable, thus, system response can vary from overdamped to underdamped. Notwithstanding, dynamic and static conductance sum calculation always yield zero when the photovoltaic generator operates at the maximum power point. Therefore, forcing the sum to zero drives the system to be at maximum power point no matter the states of the environmental conditions. Uneven and variable response time calls for implementing a disturbance observer as a counteraction to the nonlinear maximum power point tracking loop regulation variables, operation point, and environmental condition variations. Test results of implanting disturbance observer revealing a unified and nominal response all over the operation range, therefore the proposed approach enhanced and robustified the common integral controller.
关键词： Maximum power point tracking,Renewable energy generators,Dynamic conductance,Robust control
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Probabilistic small signal stability analysis of power system with wind power and photovoltaic power based on probability collocation method
摘要： Recently, with increasing improvements in the penetration of wind power and photovoltaic power in the world, probabilistic small signal stability analysis (PSSSA) of a power system consisting of multiple types of renewable energy has become a key problem. To address this problem, this study proposes a probabilistic collocation method (PCM)-based PSSSA for a power system consisting of wind farms and photovoltaic farms. Compared with the conventional Monte Carlo method, the proposed method meets the accuracy and precision requirements and greatly reduces the computation; therefore, it is suitable for the PSSSA of this power system. Case studies are conducted based on a 4-machine 2-area and New England systems, respectively. The simulation results show that, by reducing synchronous generator output to improve the penetration of renewable energy, the probabilistic small signal stability (PSSS) of the system is enhanced. Conversely, by removing part of the synchronous generators to improve the penetration of renewable energy, the PSSS of the system may be either enhanced or deteriorated.
关键词： Probabilistic small signal stability,Renewable energy,Wind power,Photovoltaic power,Probabilistic collocation method
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Renewable Energy Accommodation Capability Evaluation of Power System with Wind Power and Photovoltaic Integration
摘要： This paper proposes a novel approach to evaluate the renewable energy accommodation capacity (REAC) of power system with wind power and photovoltaic (PV) integration. Based on Copula theory, the wind power output model is proposed considering uncertainty and the spatial correlation of wind speed in different wind farms. The PV output model is presented based on solar irradiance and weather influence factor. The solar irradiance depicts the periodicity and correlation of PV output while the new concept of weather influence factor is introduced to reflect the uncertainty of PV output. And the REAC evaluation model considering reliability of power system with wind power and PV integration is proposed with Monte-Carlo method. The proposed method comprehensively considers the characteristics of renewable energy and evaluates power system REAC more accurately. Furthermore, the influences of multiple factors on REAC of power system are analyzed. Results of case studies based on IEEE Case 39 test system and actual historical renewable energy data of northern China illustrate the feasibility of proposed approach.
关键词： Correlation,Reliability,Accommodation Capacity,Renewable Energy,Power System
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Equitable Distribution of Wind and Photovoltaic Power Curtailment
摘要： Curtailment algorithm for renewable energy sources interconnected to a power grid has been developed so that the oversupply in the power grid could be prevented. The algorithm consists of the optimization problem the objective function of which is the equitable distribution of minimized curtailment. The energy loss due to the curtailment is applied to evaluating the equitable distribution of curtailment in the optimization problem. The proposed algorithm has been simulated by using the predicted value of load demand, thermal, wind, and photovoltaics generating units from June 2014 to March 2015. It was found that the oversupply is solved by the proposed algorithm and the energy loss for the renewable energy sources are distributed equitably.
关键词： power station control,optimization problems,power systems,integer programming,renewable energy systems,frequency control
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Promoting STEM Education Through Sustainable Manufacturing: Case Study of Photovoltaic Toys
摘要： There is an increasing trend of renewable energy applications as a means of energy source in Tanzania. Many initiatives on renewable energy applications are focused on increasing their accessibility and usability preferably for electrification of Off-grid rural areas. In addition to providing eco-friendly energy supply, renewable energy applications have a great potential in addressing other socio-economic challenges including motivation of students to pursue Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) subjects and careers. A pilot project was conducted to examine the use of the renewable energy application as a tool for promoting STEM subjects to secondary school students in Tanzania. Through sustainable manufacturing approach, a sample of three different photovoltaic toys was produced by re-designing second-hand toys together with re-using waste-broken solar panels. This serves as an edutainment to enhance STEM teaching and learning that can easily and sustainably be adopted with the local context.
关键词： Renewable Energy Application,STEM,Tanzania,Sustainable Manufacturing
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Fault Tolerant Control System for Photovoltaic Panels Application
摘要： The paper presents a solution to control the power delivery system in a microgrid in which the primary energy source is using photovoltaic panels. The proposed mathematical models describe the operation of the main system blocks and are used as reference models in the fault detection mechanism. Using a complex control strategy, the generated power is controlled and the effects of the disturbances which occur in the system, including the faults, are rejected, making the proposed solution a robust and a fault tolerant one. The integrated control solution contains algorithms for the appropriate control of both the boost DC/DC converter and of the single phase inverter blocks. The proposed approaches are directed toward developing algorithms suitable for real-time implementation on 32 bit ARM processors.
关键词： Power Delivery System,Power Electronics Control,32 bit ARM (Advanced RISC Machine) processor,Microgrids,Renewable Energy Systems,Single Phase Inverter,Fault Detection
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Interfacial Engineering in Functional Materials for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells || Carbon Nanotubes‐Based Nanocomposite as Photoanode
摘要： Over the past few decades, energy is the backbone of technology and economic development. In addition to man, machine, and money, energy is now fourth factor of production. Without energy, no machine will run, electricity is needed for everything. Hence, our energy requirements have increased dramatically in the years following the industrial revolution. Readily accessible fossil fuels, such as coal, natural gas, and oils, are the major energy sources used to meet our current need. However, these sources are nonrenewable and have led to serious environmental issues, global warming, and air pollution, and their increasing consumption rate has accelerated fossil fuel depletion; the search for alternative energy source has become vital.
关键词： Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells,Photoanode,Renewable Energy,Nanocomposite,Carbon Nanotubes
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Interfacial Engineering in Functional Materials for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells || Function of Photoanode: Charge Transfer Dynamics, Challenges, and Alternative Strategies
摘要： The increase in population demanded heavy energy requirements that accelerated the depletion of fossil fuels [1]. Among several renewable resource-based alternatives, dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is one of the cost-effective and potential substitutes to silicon solar cells that emerged in the early 1990s in the field of photovoltaics, as it involves inexpensive components and simple fabrication process. DSSC is entirely different from the conventional p/n junction solar cells in terms of operating principle; however, it adopts the principle of natural photosynthesis process and, therefore, is it is often addressed as artificial photosynthesis. The monolayer of dye molecules on the photoanode functions like chlorophyll in plants and absorbs the incident light to generate both positive and negative charge carriers in the cell.
关键词： photoanode,dye-sensitized solar cell,charge transfer dynamics,renewable energy,DSSC
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22