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Lysosome-Targeted Single Fluorescence Probe for Two-Channel Imaging Intracellular SO2 and Biothiols
摘要： As the members of reactive sulfur species, SO2 and biothiols play a signi?cant role in physiological and pathological processes and directly in?uence numerous diseases. Furthermore, SO2 and biothiols can provide a reductive environment for lysosomes to carry out their optimal functionality. To this end, the development of single ?uorescent probes for imaging SO2 and biothiols from different emission channels is highly desirable for understanding their physiological nature. Here, a lysosome-targeted ?uorescent probe (BPO-DNSP) with a dual reaction site for SO2 and biothiols was presented. BPO-DNSP can sensitively and selectively respond to SO2 in the green channel with a large Stokes shift over 105 nm, and to biothiols in the near-infrared emission channel with a large Stokes shift over 109 nm. The emission shift for the two channels was as high as 170 nm. Colocalization experiments veri?ed that BPO-DNSP can selectively enrich lysosomes. Notably, BPO-DNSP can not only be used to image intracellular SO2 and biothiols from two different channels, but also to monitor the conversion of biothiols to SO2 without adding exogenous enzymes in living HeLa cells.
关键词： ?uorescence imaging,lysosome-targeted,single ?uorescent probe,biothiols,SO2
更新于2025-11-21 11:08:12
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A mitochondria-targeted ratiometric fluorescent probe for detection of SO2 derivatives in living cells and in vivo
摘要： A new near-infrared (NIR) ?uorescent probe for colorimetric and ratiometric detection of SO2 derivatives was developed based on conjugated hybrid coumarin-hemicyanine. The probe can detect HSO3?/SO32? in HEPES bu?er (10 mM, pH 7.4, with 10% DMF, v/v) with a large emission shift (259 nm). Importantly, it was successfully used for ?uorescence imaging of endogenous bisul?te in BT-474 cells and zebra?sh.
关键词： Near-infrared ?uorescent probe,SO2 derivatives,Mitochondria-targeted,Ratiometric,Colorimetric
更新于2025-11-19 16:56:35
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Quantitative photoacoustic imaging study of tumours in vivo: Baseline variations in quantitative measurements
摘要： Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) provides information on haemoglobin levels and blood oxygenation (sO2). To facilitate assessment of the variability in sO2 and haemoglobin in tumours, for example in response to therapies, the baseline variability of these parameters was evaluated in subcutaneous head and neck tumours in mice, using a PAI system (MSOTinVision-256TF). Tumours of anaesthetized animals (midazolam-fentanyl-medetomidine) were imaged for 75 min, in varying positions, and repeatedly over 6 days. An increasing linear trend for average tumoural haemoglobin and blood sO2 was observed, when imaging over 75 min. There were no significant differences in these temporal trends, when repositioning tumours. A negative correlation was found between the percent decrease in blood sO2 over 6 days and tumour growth rate. This paper shows the potential of PAI to provide baseline data for assessing the significance of intra- and inter-tumoural variations that may eventually have value for predicting and/or monitoring cancer treatment response.
关键词： Head and neck subcutaneous tumours,Hemoglobin,Pimonidazole,Blood sO2,Hypoxia,Photoacoustic imaging
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Near-Infrared Light Triggered Sulfur Dioxide Gas Therapy of Cancer
摘要： The exploitation of gas therapy platforms holds great promise as a 'green' approach for selective cancer therapy, however, it is often associated with some challenges, such as uncontrolled or insufficient gas generation and unclear therapeutic mechanisms. In this work, a gas therapy approach based on near-infrared (NIR) light triggered sulfur dioxide (SO2) generation was developed, and the therapeutic mechanism as well as in vivo anti-tumor therapeutic efficacy was demonstrated. A SO2 prodrug-loaded rattle-structured upconversion@silica nanoparticles (RUCSNs) was constructed to enable high loading capacity without obvious leakage, and to convert NIR light into ultraviolet (UV) light so as to activate the prodrug for SO2 generation. In addition, SO2 prodrug-loaded RUCSNs showed high cell uptake, good biocompatibility, intracellular tracking ability, and high NIR light triggered cytotoxicity. Furthermore, the cytotoxic SO2 was found to induce cell apoptosis accompanied with the increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the damage of nuclear DNA. Moreover, efficient inhibition of tumor growth was achieved, associated with significantly prolonged survival of mice. Such NIR light-triggered SO2 therapy may provide an effective strategy to stimulate further development of synergistic cancer therapy platforms.
关键词： upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs),gas therapy,cancer therapy,near-infrared (NIR),sulfur dioxide (SO2)
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Breathing and Coughing: The Extraordinarily High Degassing of Popocatépetl Volcano Investigated With an SO2 Camera
摘要： How do lava domes release volcanic gases? Studying this problem is crucial to understand, and potentially anticipate, the generation of the sudden and dangerous explosive eruptions that frequently accompany dome extrusions. Since its awakening in 1994, Popocatépetl volcano has produced more than 50 lava domes and has been consistently among the strongest permanent emitters of volcanic gases. In this work, we have characterized the passive and explosive degassing between 2013 and 2016 at a high time resolution using an SO2 camera, to achieve a better understanding of the conduit processes. Our 4-year average SO2 ?ux is 45 kg/s, in line with the long-term average of the whole current eruptive period. We show that Popocatépetl volcano is essentially an open system and that passive degassing, i.e., degassing with no associated emission of lava or ash, dominates >95% of the time. This passive degassing is continuous and sustained, whether the crater contains a lava dome or not. It shows most of the time a strong periodic component, with a pseudo-period of ～5 min, and amplitudes of 30 to 60% of the average value. We could distinguish two types of explosions based on their SO2 ?ux patterns. The ?rst type (E1) occurs in the middle of the normal passive degassing and is followed by a rapid return of the SO2 ?ux down to its pre-explosive level. The second type (E2), which corresponds to the strongest events, is anticipated by a rapid decrease of the SO2 ?ux to abnormally low values and is followed by a return to its normal values. The E2 explosions are probably caused by the accumulation of gas below a rapidly compacting permeable dome. We suggest that transient episodes of gravitational compaction of the usually permeable dome and the upper conduit is the only mechanism that is fast enough to explain the sharp decrease of the SO2 ?ux that anticipates the E2 explosions. Our model is potentially applicable to a large number of andesitic volcanoes that undergo passive degassing interspersed with short-lived explosions.
关键词： volcanic degassing,Popocatépetl,lava dome,permeability,explosions,SO2 camera
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Adsorption for SO2 gas molecules on B, N, P and Al doped MoS2: the DFT study
摘要： In this paper, we investigated SO2 adsorption on B, N, P and Al doped MoS2, which band structure, density of states, charge transfer, etc by the density function theory (DFT) calculation. Results show that the SO2 prefer to be absorbed at the top of Mo atom of MoS2. It is found that SO2 is strongly adsorbed on Al-MoS2 with considerable adsorption energy of -1–-2.33eV, however, the best adsorption position is the top of Mo atom of Al-MoS2, which the biggest Ea is -2.33eV, the best charge is -0.343e and the shortest d is 1.763?. So these findings confirm that Al-MoS2 can be used to detect the presence of SO2 in the environment.
关键词： SO2 adsorption,MoS2,Al-MoS2,doped MoS2,DFT study
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Photooxidation of cyclohexene in the presence of SO<sub>2</sub>: SOA yield and chemical composition
摘要： Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from cyclohexene/NOx system with various SO2 concentrations under UV light was studied to understand the effects of cyclic alkenes on the atmospheric environment in polluted urban areas. A clear decrease at first and then increase of the SOA yield was found with increasing SO2 concentrations. The lowest SOA yield was obtained when initial SO2 concentration was in the range of 30-40 ppb, while higher SOA yield compared to that without SO2 could not be obtained until the initial SO2 concentration was higher than 85 ppb. SOA formation was enhanced by the acid-catalyzed heterogeneous reactions, which lead to an increase in the total organic aerosol mass. The competitive reaction of OH radicals with SO2 and VOCs was the reason for the SOA yield decrease even under acidic conditions. The competitive reaction was an important factor for SOA yield and it should not be neglected in photooxidation, especially when acid-catalyzed mechanism could not significantly improve SOA yield. The composition of organic compounds in SOA was measured using several complementary techniques including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, ion chromatograph (IC) and electrospray ionization high-resolution quadrupole mass spectrometer (ESI-HR-MS). We present the first evidence that organosulfates were produced from the photooxidation of cyclohexene in the presence of SO2.
关键词： organosulfates,SO2,SOA,photooxidation,cyclohexene
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Isotope shifts and band progressions in SO <sub/>2</sub> rovibrational energy levels: using quantum theory to extract rotational constants
摘要： We report the isotope shifts of the rotational constants and vibrational band progressions of the sulfur dioxide molecule (SO2), for all four stable sulfur isotopes32S,33S,34S, and36S. These are extracted from exact quantum theoretical calculations of the SO2 rovibrational energy levels, as reported in Chem. Phys. 450–451, 59 (2015) and Chem. Phys. 461, 34 (2015) and by fitting these levels to a J-shifting (JS)-type scheme, applied to a representative set of total angular momentum (J) values. The approach used to obtain the rotational constants is unusual in that it is derived directly from the quantum theoretical framework used for the earlier calculation, which gives rise to a flexible (i.e., vibrational- and rotational-state-dependent) but symmetric rotor description. The usual (Ka, Kc) rotational quantum numbers are thus replaced with a single body-fixed azimuthal rotation quantum number, K, with various strategies introduced a posteriori to address rotor asymmetry. The new model fits the numerically computed rovibrational levels well, over a fairly broad range of vibrational (v) and rotational (J) excitations. The computed rotational constants agree well with previously reported experimental values [J. Chem. Phys. 58, 265 (1973)]. The explicitly v- and J-dependent approach used here should thus prove valuable in broader contexts—e.g., for an analysis of self-shielding in sulfur mass-independent fractionation, even though the rovibrational levels themselves exhibit mass-dependent fractionation.
关键词： J-shifting,Self-shielding,Mass-independent fractionation,Rotational constant,SO2 isotopologue
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Quantitative analysis of SO2, H2S and CS2 mixed gases based on ultraviolet differential absorption spectrometry
摘要： SO2, H2S and CS2 are the decomposition components of insulating gas SF6. The detection of these gases is significant for the online monitoring and fault diagnosis of SF6 electrical equipment. In this study, an ultraviolet differential optical absorption spectrometry(UV-DOAS) platform for detecting the concentration of SO2, H2S and CS2 mixed gases was eatablished and a quantitatively detecting method was proposed. Firstly, the concentration of SO2 was calculated by the spectrum data at 300nm band. Then the gas mixture spectra of H2S and CS2 at 200nm band were obtained after linear deduction of SO2 spectrum. By wavelet extraction and fourier transform, the spectral information of H2S and CS2 was seperated and the concentrations of the two gases were calculated. The method can detect the concentrations of SO2 (1~20ppm), H2S (1~20ppm) and CS2 (0.01~2ppm) ternary gas mixture and the detection limits of SO2, H2S and CS2 are 0.44ppm, 0.49ppm and 3.23ppb. This method has good detection sensitivity and high detection precision, which is suitable for the on-line monitoring of SF6 gas insulated equipment.
关键词： SO2,CS2,Quantitative detection,SF6,H2S,UV-DOAS
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Measuring SO<sub>2</sub> ship emissions with an ultraviolet imaging camera
摘要： Over the last few years fast-sampling ultraviolet (UV) imaging cameras have been developed for use in measuring SO2 emissions from industrial sources (e.g. power plants; typical emission rates ～ 1–10 kg s?1) and natural sources (e.g. volcanoes; typical emission rates ～ 10–100 kg s?1). Generally, measurements have been made from sources rich in SO2 with high concentrations and emission rates. In this work, for the ?rst time, a UV camera has been used to measure the much lower concentrations and emission rates of SO2 (typical emission rates ～ 0.01–0.1 kg s?1) in the plumes from moving and stationary ships. Some innovations and trade-offs have been made so that estimates of the emission rates and path concentrations can be retrieved in real time. Field experiments were conducted at Kongsfjord in Ny ?lesund, Svalbard, where SO2 emissions from cruise ships were made, and at the port of Rotterdam, Netherlands, measuring emissions from more than 10 different container and cargo ships. In all cases SO2 path concentrations could be estimated and emission rates determined by measuring ship plume speeds simultaneously using the camera, or by using surface wind speed data from an independent source. Accuracies were compromised in some cases because of the presence of particulates in some ship emissions and the restriction of single-?lter UV imagery, a requirement for fast-sampling (> 10 Hz) from a single camera. Despite the ease of use and ability to determine SO2 emission rates from the UV camera system, the limitation in accuracy and precision suggest that the system may only be used under rather ideal circumstances and that currently the technology needs further development to serve as a method to monitor ship emissions for regulatory purposes. A dual-camera system or a single, dual-?lter camera is required in order to properly correct for the effects of particulates in ship plumes.
关键词： SO2 emissions,ship plumes,UV camera,particulates,atmospheric measurement
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36