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Acetonitrile based single step slot-die compatible perovskite ink for flexible photovoltaics
摘要： The demonstration of photovoltaic devices with high power conversion efficiencies using low cost perovskite materials hints at the possibility of dramatically lowering the cost of solar energy. Key to further exploiting the potential of these materials is developing rapid processing techniques that can be used to deliver lower cost high throughput manufacture. This work details the development of low-viscosity rapid drying perovskite formulations designed to give high quality solar films when slot-die coated on flexible roll-to-roll compatible substrates. A single step slot-die compatible perovskite ink based on an acetonitrile/methylamine solvent system utilizing a chloride additive is developed, resulting in large area perovskite films from slot-die coating under ambient conditions. The drying conditions for the perovskite film are optimized and fast (<10 min), low temperature (<120 °C) drying of slot-die coated films on flexible substrates are demonstrated and result in high performance devices.
关键词： acetonitrile,chloride additive,flexible substrates,methylamine,photovoltaics,perovskite,slot-die coating
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Empirical design of slot-die having shallow reservoir for thin-film printed electronics
摘要： Slot-die coating plays an important role in printed electronics, which are fabricated by stacking thin films and patterns. As electronic devices are being required to have higher performance, the importance of coating uniformity cannot be overestimated in the slot-die coating. The coating uniformity consists of two directions: nozzle direction, which is affected by the interior design of the head, and machine direction, which is majorly related to exterior operating conditions. In this research, the empirical design procedure of a slot-die head is proposed. The internal resistance values of the slot-die were calculated using the experimental parameter obtained through a coating experiment, and the acquired resistances were reflected in the modeling of the interior design of the slot-die head. The hanger type reservoir was adapted to minimize the consumption of ink. After fabricating the slot-die head, coating experiments were carried out using PEDOT:PSS ink. The resulting deviation of the coating thickness was within ±1.7%, thus proving that the proposed design predicted the uniformity of the actual thickness of the coating correctly. The significance of the slot-die design method presented in this paper is that it is based on the experimental equation that can be readily applied to the printed electronics industry.
关键词： printed electronics,PEDOT:PSS ink,empirical design,coating uniformity,slot-die coating
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Planarization of Slot-Die Coated Multilayer Stripes via Pre-drying by a Heating Roll for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes
摘要： Micro-patterning of single-layer thin films in the cross-web (transverse) direction is feasible using a slot-die coating system. For its practical applications in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), however, the fabrication and planarization of multilayer thin-film stripes are indispensable. We have coated multilayer stripes using an aqueous poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and non-aqueous poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) and planarized them via pre-drying by a heating roll in a roll-to-roll slot-die coating system. It is demonstrated that the PEDOT:PSS stripe can be planarized at a pre-drying (heating roll) temperature of 40 °C. At higher temperatures, it is found that there appear the evaporation-induced inward and/or outward capillary flows depending on the wet film thickness. Using a low-boiling-point solvent, the PVK stripe coated atop the planarized PEDOT:PSS stripe is shown to be planarized at a pre-drying temperature of 65 °C, the step coverage and thickness uniformity by which are substantially enhanced. Such a planarization scheme also brings in the positive effect on the surface morphology of those stripes. To verify the planarization effect at the device level, we have fabricated phosphorescent OLED stripes. Without planarization, the light-emitting area shrinks and a spot with strong light emission appears, increasing the probability of a short circuit in OLEDs. With planarization, however, we can achieve brighter light emission from OLED stripes with high inter-stripe emission uniformity.
关键词： planarization,Slot-die coating,organic light-emitting diode,heating roll,multilayer stripes
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04