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- 实验方案
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Solvent Engineering Using a Volatile Solid for Highly Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： A strategy for efficaciously regulating perovskite crystallinity is proposed by using a volatile solid glycolic acid (HOCH2COOH, GA) in an FA0.85MA0.15PbI3 (FA: HC(NH2)2; MA: CH3NH3) perovskite precursor solution that is different from the common additive approach. Accompanied with the first dimethyl sulfoxide sublimation process, the subsequent sublimation of GA before 150 °C in the FA0.85MA0.15PbI3 perovskite film can artfully regulate the perovskite crystallinity without any residual after annealing. The improved film formation upon GA modification induced by the strong interaction between GA and Pb2+ delivers a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) as high as 21.32%. In order to investigate the role of volatility in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), nonvolatile thioglycolic acid (HSCH2COOH, TGA) with a similar structure to GA is utilized as an additive reference. Large perovskite grains are obtained by TGA modification but with obvious pinholes, which directly leads to an increased defect density accompanied by a decline in PCE. Encouragingly, the champion PCE achieved for GA-based PSC device (21.32%) is almost 13% or 20% higher than those of the control device or TGA-based device. In addition, GA-modified PSCs exhibit the best stability in light-, thermal-, and humidity-based tests due to the improved film formation.
关键词： pinholes,solvent engineering,volatile,crystal growth,perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Highly conductive PEDOT:PSS electrode obtained via post-treatment with alcoholic solvent for ITO-free organic solar cells
摘要： We demonstrated a simple and effective processing protocol to improve the electrical conductivity of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) films via post-treatment with an alcohol-based solvent, 2-chloroethanol (2-CE), and to enhance their performance as a transparent anode in organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs). Owing to its moderate boiling point, in contrast to previously reported chemicals, 2-CE is advantageous both for handling as a liquid-phase chemical and for drying from the films via evaporation. We compared the optical and electrical properties of the 2-CE-treated PEDOT:PSS with those of standard PEDOT:PSS-based electrodes with the addition of 5 vol% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). With a similar thickness and transmittance in the visible region, the 2-CE-treated polymer electrodes outperformed the DMSO-added films with regard to the electrical conductivity (762 S cm-1 vs. 439 S cm-1). The work functions were almost identical: ~5 eV. We fabricated and characterized organic photovoltaic devices using the anodes and polymer:fullerene blends and found that the 2-CE treatment resulted in higher device performance. Additionally, the 2-CE treatment was applicable to OPVs on a flexible plastic substrate, indicating the effectiveness of the proposed protocol.
关键词： solvent treatment,PEDOT:PSS,organic photovoltaics,transparent electrode,conductive polymer
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Low-temperature Synthesized Nba??doped TiO <sub/>2</sub> Electron Transport Layer enabling High-efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells by Band Alignment Tuning
摘要： An Nb-doped TiO2 (Nb-TiO2) film comprising a double structure stacked with a bottom compact layer and top mesoporous layers was synthesized by treating a Ti precursor-coated substrate using a one-step low-temperature steam-annealing (SA) method. SA-based Nb-TiO2 films possess high crystallinity and conductivity, and that allows better control over the conduction band (CB) of the TiO2 for electron transport layer (ETL) of the perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by the Nb doping level. Optimization of power conversion efficiency (PCE) for the Nb-TiO2 based ETL was combined with CB level tuning of the mixed-halide perovskite by changing the Br/I ratio. This band offset management enabled to establish the most suitable energy levels between ETL and perovskites. This method was applied to reduce the bandgap of perovskite to enhance photocurrent density while maintaining a high open-circuit voltage. As a result, the optimal combination of 5 mol% Nb-TiO2 ETL and 10 mol%-Br in the mixed-halide perovskite exhibited high photovoltaic performance for low-temperature device fabrication, achieving a high yield PCE of 21.3%.
关键词： low-temperature process,solvent-free hydrothermal synthesis,electron transport layer,steam-annealing method,Perovskite solar cell,niobium-doped TiO2
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Nonfullerene organic photovoltaic cells exhibiting 13.76% efficiency by employing upside‐down solvent vapor annealing
摘要： Organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) are fabricated with a polymer donor PM7 and a nonfullerene acceptor IT‐4Cl; the morphology of active layers is optimized by employing upside‐down solvent vapor annealing (UD‐SVA) method with different annealing solvents. The OPVs with CS2 as annealing solvent exhibit optimized power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.76%, with simultaneously increased short‐circuit current density (JSC) of 20.53 mA cm?2 and fill factor (FF) of 77.05%. More than 15% PCE improvement can be achieved by employing CS2 UD‐SVA treatment, which should be attributed to slightly enhanced photon harvesting, efficient exciton separation, charge transport, and collection, resulting from the well‐developed morphology of active layer. Moreover, the PM7:IT‐4Cl–based OPVs with CS2 as annealing solvent still can maintain PCE more than 13% in a wide treatment time range from 20 to 90 seconds. This work demonstrated that UD‐SVA has great potential in improving the performance of nonfullerene OPVs.
关键词： phase separation,organic photovoltaic cells,solvent vapor annealing,nonfullerene
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Enhanced performance of P3HT-based non-fullerene polymer solar cells by optimizing film morphology using non-halogenated solvent
摘要： Increasing research interests have been paid to developing efficient polymer solar cells by using integrating non-fullerene acceptors with poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), owing to the low-cost, promising performance and excellent stability. Here we systematically studied how processing solvents influence the overall performances of polymer solar cells using P3HT as the electron donor. It is very interesting to note that the devices processed with the non-halogenated solvent, 2-methylanisole in presence of 1-methylnaphthalene as solvent additive, exhibit reduced bimolecular and trap-assisted monomolecular recombination, facile charge extraction and enhanced charge carrier mobilities. Careful morphological investigation revealed that the optimizing crystallites, phase purity as well as nanofibrous structure is effective to the enhancement of charge generation and transport. It is also worth noting that these P3HT:O-IDTBR based devices processed with these non-halogenated solvents exhibited an impressive power conversion efficiency of 7.1% with a high fill factor of 75.09% on a device area of 0.05 cm2, and the efficiency remained 6.89% even in a device with large active layer area of 1 cm2, while also showing promising thermal stability. This study provides a new scope of processing P3HT based polymer solar cells by using non-halogenated solvents, which is compatible and has great promise for future applications.
关键词： large-area,polymer solar cell,poly(3-hexylthiophene),non-halogenated solvent,non-fullerene
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Green Solvent-Processed Organic Solar Cells Based on Low Cost Polymer Donor and Small Molecule Acceptor
摘要： Low cost photovoltaic materials and green solvent processing are important issues for commercial application of organic solar cells (OSCs). Here, we fabricated high-performance OSCs based on low-cost conjugated polymer PTQ10 as donor and small molecule n-type organic semiconductor HO-IDIC-2F as acceptor, using non-halogen tetrahydrofuran (THF) as processing solvent. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the as-cast OSCs reached 12.20%, which is comparable with the ones processed with chloroform (CF) (12.43%). Thermal stability of the active layer was also studied by thermal treatment at 100°C for 8 hours. As a result, the active layer morphology remained unchanged and the PCE of the devices still reached 12.13%, indicating a good thermal-stability of the PTQ10:HO-IDIC-2F blend film. As commonly known, for OSCs fabricated in larger scales, layer by layer (LL) method generally provide more advantages than the traditional D-A blend solution-processing method. Therefore, to test the compatibility of THF solvent in LL method, we fabricated the blade-coated LL devices with THF as a single type of solvent for both donor and acceptor, and the PCE could reach up to 11.85%. The surprisingly high performance of the blade-coated OSC based on green solvent indicates that PTQ10 is a promising donor to be processed in green solvent for LL technology in the future.
关键词： PTQ10,green solvent,thermal stability,organic solar cells,layer-by-layer method,HO-IDIC-2F
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Solvent engineering of LiTFSI towards high-efficiency planar perovskite solar cells
摘要： The performance and stability of perovskite solar cell (PSC) are inseparable from the quality of perovskite film, and the solvent engineering is being seemed as an effective strategy to enhance the properties of perovskite. Acetonitrile (ACN) is often used as a solvent to dissolve bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium salt (LiTFSI), but ACN can corrode the perovskite film, which hinders the promotion of PSC efficiency and durability. Herein, a solvent engineering approach is implemented to search for suitable alternatives for ACN to abate the degradation of the perovskite films. The results demonstrate that isopropanol (IPA) with smaller polarity can effectively dissolve LiTFSI and slow down the degradation of the perovskite layer compared with ACN, which can result in the reduction of defects as well as the nonradiative recombination. Consequently, the devices using LiTFSI/IPA as additive achieve superior power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) with relatively less hysteresis effects and get a champion PCE of 19.43%, while the device using LiTFSI/ACN gets an inferior PCE of 17.12%.
关键词： Trap density,Nonradiative recombination,Solvent engineering,Isopropanol,Perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Performance data of CH3NH3PbI3 Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cells via Ammonium Halide Additives
摘要： The data provided in this data set is the study of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells fabricated through incorporating the small amounts of ammonium halide NH4X (X=F, Cl, Br, I) additives into a CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) perovskite solution and is published as “High-Performance CH3NH3PbI3 Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cells via Ammonium Halide Additives”, available in Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry [1]. A compact and uniform perovskite absorber layer with large perovskite crystalline grains, is realized by simply incorporating small amounts of additives into precursor solutions, and utilizing the anti-solvent engineering technique to control the nucleation and growth of perovskite crystal, turning out the enhanced device efficiency (NH4F: 14.88 ± 0.33 %, NH4Cl: 16.63 ± 0.21 %, NH4Br: 16.64 ± 0.35 %, and NH4I: 17.28 ± 0.15 %) compared to that of a reference MAPbI3 device (Ref.: 12.95 ± 0.48 %). In addition, this simple technique of ammonium halide addition to precursor solutions increase the device reproducibility as well as long term stability.
关键词： perovskite grain size,inverted planar structure,CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite,ammonium halide additives,anti-solvent engineering
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Indoor Photovoltaics: Photoactive Material Selection, Greener Ink Formulations, and Slot-Die Coated Active Layers
摘要： Strong visible light absorption is essential to achieve high power conversion efficiency in indoor organic photovoltaics (iOPVs). Here, we report iOPVs that exhibit high efficiency with high voltage under excitation by low power indoor lighting. Inverted type organic photovoltaic devices with active layer blends utilizing the polymer donor PPDT2FBT paired with fullerene, perylene diimide, or ring-fused acceptors that are 6.5-9.1% efficient under 1 sun are demonstrated to reach efficiencies from 10-17% under an indoor light source. This performance transcends that of a standard silicon photovoltaic device. Moreover, we compared iOPVs with active layers both spin-cast and slot-die cast from non-halogenated solvents and demonstrate comparable performance. This work opens a path towards high efficiency iOPVs for low power electronics.
关键词： Organic Photovoltaics,Perylene Diimide Dyes,Conjugated Polymers,Roll-to-Roll Compatible Coating,Green Solvent Processing
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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High-efficiency non-halogenated solvent processable polymer/PCBM solar cells <i>via</i> fluorination-enabled optimized nanoscale morphology
摘要： PNTz4T-based polymers have been extensively employed in high-efficiency fullerene-based polymer solar cells (PSCs) with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of approximately 10.0% due to the high crystallinity of these polymers. The introduction of two fluorine atoms into PNTz4T to synthesize the PNTz4T-2F polymer has boosted the PCE to 10.6%, but the introduction of four fluorine atoms to synthesize the PNTz4T-4F polymer negatively affects the efficiency (PCE ? 6.5%), implying that the number of fluorine atoms is not yet optimized. We have developed a new synthetic route for a novel monofluoro-bithiophene monomer and successfully synthesized a novel PNTz4T-1F polymer. The fullerene-based PSCs based on our novel PNTz4T-1F polymer processed using a halogen-free solvent system demonstrated an outstanding PCE of 11.77% (11.67% certified), representing the highest PCE reported thus far in the literature. Due to the optimum molecular ordering/packing, improved interaction with PC71BM and interconnectivity between photoactive material domains, PNTz4T-1F-based PSCs exhibit lower charge carrier recombination and enhanced charge carrier mobility levels, leading to a substantially high photocurrent density (20.37 mA cm(cid:2)2). These results create new means to tune the structural properties of polymers, ultimately leading to the realization of this class of solar cells for practical applications.
关键词： polymer solar cells,nanoscale morphology,halogen-free solvent,power conversion efficiency,fluorination
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52