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Non-halogenated-solvent-processed highly efficient organic solar cells with a record open circuit voltage enabled by noncovalently locked novel polymer donors
摘要： The relatively low open circuit voltage (Voc) of organic solar cells (OSCs) with narrow and ultra-narrow bandgap fused-ring electron acceptors limits further improvement of the OSCs. Simply down-shifting the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) levels of the donors always results in the trade-off between the Voc and short circuit current (Jsc). In this work, we reported three novel noncovalently locked polymer donors based on different side-chain-modified benzodithiophene (BDT) units alternately copolymerized with an electron-deficient 3,30-dicarboxylate-substituted difluorotetrathiophene building block for efficient OSCs. Due to the existence of the electron-affinity moiety, deep HOMO levels are obtained for these copolymer donors, enabling the highest recorded Voc of 0.99 V when blended with the IT-4F acceptor. Meanwhile, intramolecular noncovalent interactions in these copolymers favor a preferential face-on orientation. Efficient charge transport and exciton dissociation under a low driving force are observed in these novel polymer donors. Consequently, the device processed from a non-halogenated solvent shows a high efficiency of 12.5% with simultaneously high Voc and Jsc, which is one of the highest performances of non-halogenated-solvent-processed OSCs to date. These results demonstrate that the synergistic effect of the energy band structure and molecular geometry can provide an effective molecular design strategy for high performance OSCs.
关键词： noncovalently locked polymer donors,organic solar cells,open circuit voltage,non-halogenated-solvent-processed,high efficiency
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Nucleation-controlled growth of superior long oriented CsPbBr <sub/>3</sub> microrod single crystals for high detectivity photodetectors
摘要： There has been great interest in the use of cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3), which is one of the most important members of the all-inorganic perovskite family, due to its superior optoelectronic performance and higher stability. Recently, it has been demonstrated that it is advantageous to use CsPbBr3 microrods and nanowires in photodetectors because of their higher crystallinity, low amount of defects, and easy control of carrier transport along a specific direction as compared to their counterparts of single crystals and thin films. However, there is a shortage of adequate investigations that describe how to control the growth of CsPbBr3 microrods and nanowires so that they retain the optoelectronic performance of single CsPbBr3 microrods. Therefore, we are reporting how to control the growth of orientated dispersive super-long CsPbBr3 microrod single crystals (CsPbBr3 MSCs) via a simple anti-solvent method. The crucial factor in controlling the growth of dispersive super-long CsPbBr3 MSCs is the regulation of the rapid nucleation rate and slowing of the growth rate via controlling the di?usion velocity of anti-solvent methanol. We also reveal the growth mechanism of CsPbBr3 MSCs as layer-by-layer growth that originates from the 2D nucleus. The CsPbBr3 MSCs are revealed grew in the direction of [010], with the (101) facet exposed. Moreover, photodetectors based on one CsPbBr3 MSC were fabricated, and the detectivity (D) and the on/o? ratio were as high as 3.67 (cid:2) 1012 Jones and 988, respectively, suggesting a very strong optoelectronic response as photodetectors. The mechanism that the Cs ions and Cs vacancies use to move to negative and positive electrodes along the channels constructed by [PbBr6]4(cid:3) in the [010] direction of the CsPbBr3 MSC (101) facet was revealed, after activation by the applied electrical field, which is beneficial to enhance the optoelectronic response but does not reduce the device stability.
关键词： anti-solvent method,optoelectronic performance,microrod single crystals,photodetectors,CsPbBr3
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Enhanced photocontrolled binding of Ag+ by thioindigo derivative containing oxyethylene chains with OH groups at the terminal positions
摘要： A novel thioindigo dye was synthesized, from 7, 7’-bis-chlorocarbonyl thioindigo, containing OH groups at the terminal positions of the oxyethylene side chains. The resultant dye 7, 7’-Bis[[2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxycarbonyl]thioindigo (1) was characterized by 1H NMR, IR, and mass spectral studies. The thioindigo derivative (1), which possesses a molecular architecture, undergoes reversible photochromic reaction and capable of capturing different metal ions and transports them through liquid membrane. Enhancement of binding ability (i) by incorporating OH groups instead of large phenyl or methyl groups, (ii) by trans to cis photoisomerization of (1), iii) the highest amount of transported Ag+ by (1) across a liquid membrane when irradiated with 550 and 480 nm light alternately, were found.
关键词： Solvent extraction,Thioindigo derivative,Photo responsive
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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The humidity-insensitive fabrication of efficient CsPbI <sub/>3</sub> solar cells in ambient air
摘要： Recently, CsPbI3 perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have shown a breakthrough in photovoltaic performance due to their constantly improving power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) because of their admirable photoelectric properties and enhanced thermal stability. However, most fabrication processes take place inside a nitrogen glove box because CsPbI3 is notoriously sensitive to moisture. These tedious and rigorous operational conditions restrict CsPbI3 PSCs' commercialization. In our research, in order to solve the awkward situation of fabricating CsPbI3 PSCs without ambient moisture, we successfully developed an easy, one-step anti-solvent hot substrate (Anti-hot) spin-coating method to fabricate CsPbI3 film. Pre-heating the substrate could change the saturated vapor pressure of the mixed solvents and accelerate the precursor concentrations up to the supersaturation limit. Meanwhile, the anti-solvent method could induce heterogeneous nucleation. As a result, we could efficaciously control nucleation generation and grain growth under ambient moisture conditions and resist erosion and damage by molecular water. Finally, uniform and compact CsPbI3 film could be achieved and the corresponding PSCs reached up to 15.91% in a high humidity environment (RH, ≥50%). We hope that our exploration can provide a synthetic approach for producing high-quality CsPbI3 film for PSCs under ambient conditions.
关键词： anti-solvent hot substrate spin-coating,CsPbI3,perovskite solar cells,humidity-insensitive,ambient air
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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AIP Conference Proceedings [AIP Publishing INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE AND APPLIED SCIENCE (ICSAS) 2019 - Surakarta, Indonesia (20 July 2019)] INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE AND APPLIED SCIENCE (ICSAS) 2019 - Effect of solvent in the synthesis of colloidal copper nanoparticles by pulse laser ablation method
摘要： Effect of solvent in the synthesis of colloidal copper nanoparticles by pulse laser ablation method
关键词： pulse laser ablation,solvent effect,colloidal copper nanoparticles
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Morphology control of perovskite in green antisolvent system for MAPbI3-based solar cells with over 20% efficiency
摘要： Solvent engineering has been considered a reliable process for the fabrication of pinhole-free and highly crystalline perovskite thin films. Recently, green solvents have received immense attention, as the toxic antisolvents used in the conventional fabrication process cause environmental and health hazards. In this regard, ethyl acetate (EA) is a promising environmentally friendly antisolvent. Here, we present the fabrication of perovskites with controlled morphologies by changing the composition of the perovskite and the volume of EA in ambient humidity. The incorporation of [HC(NH2)2]PbIBr2 into a CH3NH3PbI3 matrix results in a grain size up to ~1.5 μm. This induces a considerable reduction of trap density, leading to the suppression of charge recombination and, consequently, improvement in the photoluminescence characteristics. The resulting power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of the optimized devices are 20.93% and 19.51% for active areas of 0.12 cm2 and 0.7 cm2, respectively. The reduced diffusion of moisture along grain boundaries improves device stability. Further, by virtue of the excellent humidity resistance of EA, the film morphologies obtained at high relative humidity (50%) are similar to those obtained under dry conditions, exhibiting an impressive PCE of 20.11%. We believe that our optimized fabrication process using EA can be extended to other green antisolvent systems.
关键词： Green antisolvent,Ethyl acetate,Grain size,Solvent and compositional engineering,Perovskite solar cell
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Interfacial Energetic Level Mapping and Nano-Ordering of Small Molecule/Fullerene Organic Solar Cells by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy
摘要： Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS) at the liquid/solid interface, morphology evolution process and energetic level alignment of very thin solid films (thickness: <700 pm), of the low molecular weight molecule DRCN5T and DRCN5T:[70]PCBM blend are analyzed after applying thermal annealing at different temperatures. These films exhibit a worm-like pattern without thermal annealing (amorphous shape); however, after applying thermal annealing at 120 °C, the small molecule film domains crystallize verified by X-ray diffraction: structural geometry becomes a well-defined organized array. By using STS, the energy band diagrams of the semiconductor bulk heterojunction (blended film) at the donor-acceptor interface are determined; morphology and energy characteristics can be correlated with the organic solar cells (OSC) performance. When combining thermal treatment and solvent vapor annealing processes as described in previous literature by using other techniques, OSC devices based on DRCN5T show a very acceptable power conversion efficiency of 9.0%.
关键词： solvent vapor annealing,DRCN5T,scanning tunneling spectroscopy,organic solar cells,scanning tunneling microscopy,thermal annealing
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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1000 h Operational Lifetime Perovskite Solar Cells by Ambient Melting Encapsulation
摘要： Improving device lifetime is one of the critical challenges for the practical use of metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs), wherein a reliable encapsulation is indispensable. Herein, based on an in-depth understanding of the degradation mechanism for the PSCs, a solvent-free and low-temperature melting encapsulation technique, by employing low-cost paraffin as the encapsulant that is compatible with perovskite absorbers, is demonstrated. The encapsulation strategy enables the full encapsulating operations to be undertaken under an ambient environment. It is found that the strategy not only removes residual oxygen and moisture to prevent the perovskite from phase segregation, but also suppresses the species volatilization to impede absorber decomposition, enabling a PSC devices with good thermal and moisture stability. As a result, the as-encapsulated PSCs achieve a 1000 h operational lifetime for the encapsulated device at continuous maximum power point output under an ambient environment. This work paves the way for scalable and robust encapsulation strategy feasible to hybrid perovskite optoelectronics in an economic manner.
关键词： stability,perovskite solar cells,solvent-free,ambient encapsulation,low-temperature
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Synergistic effect of processing solvent and additive for the production of efficient all-polymer solar cells
摘要： Ideal morphological features are of particular importance to produce high performance all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs), in which the active blends generally involve unfavorable phase separation due to the complicated intermixing. Developing suitable processing solvent and additive is an effective and versatile approach to manipulate the blends morphology. This study demonstrates the synergistic effect of processing solvent and additive to the photovoltaic performances of all-PSCs composed of a conjugated copolymer J71 donor and typical N2200 acceptor. The low boiling point chloroform (CF) solvent combined with 1% 1,8-diiodoctane (DIO) additive was identified as the optimal processing condition to treat the J71:N2200 blends. Consequently, the all-PSCs casting from CF + 1% DIO achieved an outstanding efficiency of 9.34% with an ultrahigh fill factor of 77.86%, which is among the top values for current all-PSCs systems. Owing to the low JSC, just a moderate efficiency of 7.28% was obtained for the device from chlorobenzene (CB) + 1% DIO processing despite of its high FF. The electron microscopic tests revealed that the CF was superior to CB solvent to obtain uniform morphologies and the addition of DIO additive could further generate more favorable phase separation and domain size. Moreover, the results of charge generation, transport, and recombination analysis correlate well with the remarkable photovoltaic properties. Our results highlight the critical significance of selecting appropriate processing solvent and additive to pursue high performing all-PSCs.
关键词： all-polymer solar cells,processing solvent,morphology,additive,photovoltaic performance
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Crystallization Control of Ternary‐Cation Perovskite Absorber in Triple‐Mesoscopic Layer for Efficient Solar Cells
摘要： Controlling the crystallization of organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite is of vital importance to achieve high performing perovskite solar cells. The growth mechanism of perovskites has been intensively studied in devices with planar structures and traditional structures. However, for the printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells, it is difficult to study the crystallization mechanism of perovskite owing to the complicated mesoporous structure. Here, a solvent evaporation controlled crystallization method to achieve ideal crystallization in the mesoscopic structure is provided. Combining results of scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction, it is found that adjusting the evaporation rate of solvent can control the crystallization rate of perovskite and a model for the crystallization process during annealing in mesoporous structures is proposed. Finally, a homogeneous pore filling in the mesoscopic structure without any additives is successfully achieved and a stabilized power conversion efficiency of 16.26% using ternary-cation perovskite absorber is realized. The findings will provide better understanding of perovskite crystallization in printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells and pave the way for the commercialization of perovskite solar cells.
关键词： mesoscopic,perovskite solar cells,crystallization,solvent evaporation
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22