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Performance optimization of bi-layer solar steam generation system through tuning porosity of bottom layer
摘要： In recent years, solar steam generation has attracted many attentions due to its potential applications in desalination, etc. In the present work, a bi-layer solar steam generation system is prepared by daubing carbon particles on the sintered sawdust film, which possesses an advantage of adjustable porosities compared to widely used wood. Then, the influence of the porosity on the evaporation performance is explored. The experimental result indicates that: the porosity could significantly affect the water transportation in the film, and the water diffusivity increases almost linearly with the increase of the porosity. The evaporation efficiency increases with the increasing porosity, until the porosity reaches about 0.52 then decrease slowly. The positive effect of the increased water diffusivity and the negative effect of the increased thermal conductivity of the bottom film layer determine that the porosity of 0.52 is optimal for improving the evaporation efficiency. Under a solar light power of 1 kW·m?2, the optimal porosity gives an evaporation efficiency of 77.64%, which is comparable to the best performance of bi-layer systems reported in previous works. The conduction of heat through the bottom layer to the bulk water and the convection heat loss on the top surface contribute 83% to the total heat losses in the system, suggesting that the energy losses of these two modes should be further reduced in the future applications. Considering the accessible materials, easy preparation, low cost and high efficiency, we conclude that the 0.52-porosity system is suitable for being used as an efficient solar steam generation device.
关键词： Solar steam generation,Thermal conductivity,Solar energy,Porous material
更新于2025-11-14 15:14:40
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Fabrication of bilayered attapulgite for solar steam generation with high conversion efficiency
摘要： Solar steam generation has been attracting wide attention for boosting the evolution of solar-energy-harvesting technology. Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of a novel bilayer photothermal material based on attapulgite/poly acrylamide composite (APAC), which was prepared by the solution polymerization of acrylamide (AM) in the presence of attapulgite using N, N’ - Methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker, for efficient solar steam generation. The APAC shows better thermal stability with a decomposition temperature of 250 oC, good mechanical property with a compress strength of up to 125 KPa at 75% strain and a low apparent density (0.0191 g·cm-3) with abundant porosity accompanying with a low thermal conductivity (0.07 W m-1 K-1). To enhance the light absorption of APAC, a thin carbon layer was created on the surface of APAC via a facile flame treatment. Under our conditions, the bilayered APAC shows a high vapor rate of 1.2 kg m-2 h-1 under 1 sun illumination, equal to 85% solar-to-vapor efficiency. With the merits of cost-efficient, scalable manufacture, high solar energy conversion efficiency, the APAC may hold the great potential as high-performance photothermal materials for solar energy generation.
关键词： conversion efficiency,Solar steam generation,attapulgite,bilayer
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Fast-Growing Field of Interfacial Solar Steam Generation: Evolutional Materials, Engineered Architectures, and Synergistic Applications
摘要： The lack of fresh water resources is attracting concern worldwide. Recently, to address this global issue, researchers proposed the heat localization concept for interfacial solar seawater desalination in 2014. Since then, interfacial solar steam generation (ISSG) devices have attracted much attention, due to their potential for achieving highly enhanced optical-thermal conversion through a single interface as compared with traditional solar seawater desalination. To date, the promising prospect of ISSG systems in seawater desalination has stimulated the rapid development of solar desalination technology based on heat localization. To comprehensively recognize ISSG devices and acquire more insights into their design associated with biological relevance, efficiency improvement, and applications, this review summarizes the progresses and prospects of ISSG devices in relation to the evolution of advanced materials, the engineering architecture, the collaborative application, and the current challenges.
关键词： biological relevance,interfacial solar steam generation devices,structure design,applications
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Highly efficient solar steam generation via mass-produced carbon nanosheet frameworks
摘要： Carbon nanosheet frameworks are synthesized on the gram scale by exploiting the reaction between Mg powder and CS2 vapor. This fluffy carbon nanomaterial coated on fabric shows high performance in solar steam generation. The carbon film has high optical absorption of ~98% in visible and infrared spectrum. When under 1 sun solar-simulated light irradiance (1000 W m-2), the surface temperatures of dry and water-saturated carbon films reach 104 and 45 oC, respectively, indicating good heat localization. As a result, the carbon film under 1 sun illumination shows a high solar-to-vapor efficiency of 93%, which is higher than that of most photothermal conversion materials reported previously. The as-prepared carbon material may pave the way for harvesting solar energy to produce clean water at low cost.
关键词： solar steam generation,Mg thermoreduction,photothermal conversion,carbon nanosheet,vapor-solid reaction
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Black Diatom Colloids toward Efficient Photothermal Converters for Solar-to-Steam Generation
摘要： Steam generation from solar power using converters has attracted significant research attention in recent years as an alternative form of energy conversion from solar energy. Rationally designed photothermal converters are essential to increase the efficiency of steam generation. Here we propose a novel colloidal type of photothermal converter based on a frustule skeleton, which is a naturally designed colloid containing through-pore structures. Several coating processes were used to provide broadband absorption, magnetic, and water-floating properties without deteriorating pore structures, through vapor deposition polymerization of polypyrrole, weak base treatment, and additional vapor deposition polymerization of polystyrene. The prepared colloidal photothermal converter showed superior efficiency for steam generation under sun-light irradiation.
关键词： Solar-to-steam generation,surface treatment,diatom,chemical vapor deposition,broadband absorption
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Enhanced solar steam generation using carbon nanotube membrane distillation device with heat localization
摘要： High-efficiency solar steam generation through interfacial solar heating of the membrane is a promising approach to alleviate the shortage of freshwater resources. In this work, we developed a membrane distillation device (MDD), consisting of a carbon nanotube (CNT) membrane as solar absorption layer, a qualitative filter paper as water transmission pipeline and an aerogel blanket as thermal insulator to achieve efficient solar harvesting and heat localization for enhancing water evaporation. The results illustrated that the MDD achieved a thermal conversion efficiency of up to 84.6% at a light intensity of 1 kW m?2 and showed superior cyclic stability for 10 cycles test. As a consequence, the self-assembled and reusable MDD was suitable as a promising candidate for seawater desalination.
关键词： Heat localization,Solar steam generation,Solar harvesting,Carbon nanotube
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Self-Floating Carbonized Tissue Membrane Derived from Commercial Facial Tissue for Highly Efficient Solar Steam Generation
摘要： Solar steam generation holds a great promise for practically utilizing solar energy in sea water desalination and sewage purification on a large scale. It has been proven that local heating of the superficial water can maximize the energy efficiency for steam generation. So the photothermal materials are required to float on water while working. However, the fabrication of a photothermal material with self-floating ability, low cost and easy-preparation for solar steam generation is highly challenged. Herein, self-floating carbonized tissue membrane for high efficiency solar steam generation is prepared via the carbonization of the commercial facial tissue. The low-cost and scalable carbonized tissue membrane can float on water without any assistance, and can effectively generate water steam at the rate of 4.45 kg m-2 h-1 with photothermal conversion efficiency of as high as 95 % under 3-sun illumination. The self-floating ability, high solar steam generation performance and low cost make the carbonized tissue membrane to be potential alternative for practical application in the future.
关键词： Self-floating,Membrane,One-step synthesis,Carbon material,Solar steam generation
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Oxygen-Defected Molybdenum Oxides Hierarchical Nanostructure Constructed by Atomic-Level Thickness Nanosheets as an Efficient Absorber for Solar Steam Generation
摘要： Solar steam generation is a potential approach for fresh water recycling, thus attracting increasing attention recently. To further promote water evaporation rate, some new materials need to be developed, such as plasmonic transition metal oxides. In this work, we report an oxygen-defected molybdenum oxides hierarchical nanostructure (MoOx HNS) composed of ultrathin nanosheets with atomic-level thickness, which is demonstrated as an efficient absorber for solar steam generation. Benefiting from broadband light absorption and special assembled architecture, the resulting MoOx HNS loaded on a PTFE membrane (MoOx HNS Membrane) exhibits excellent performance for boosting steam generation rate. Under 1 sun (1 kW m?2) illumination, the evaporation rate can reach at 1.255 kg m?2 h?1, with the energy conversion efficiency of 85.6%, which is one of the best performance compared with other desalination materials. Meanwhile, the MoOx HNS Membrane can achieve high-performance seawater desalination in both laboratorial and outdoor conditions. The enhanced water evaporation performance can be attributed to the synergistic effects of the efficient solar-to-thermal conversion and the unique channel structure. This work expands the scope of investigated materials which can be applied in seawater desalination system.
关键词： MoOx hierarchical nanostructure,seawater desalination,photothermal conversion,oxygen vacancies,solar steam generation
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Thin film technology for solar steam generation: A new dawn
摘要： The sun is considered as the most promising abundant renewable energy source that can be exploited to solve many of human beings’ challenges such as energy and water scarcity. Solar energy can be utilized in steam and vapor generation processes which has a great importance in many engineering applications such as water desalination, domestic water heating, and power generation. However, dilute solar flux (～1000 W/m2) cannot supply the absorber with enough power required to overcome water latent heat of vaporization to evaporate water. Optical concentrators such as parabolic trough collector, parabolic dish reflector, and circular Fresnel lens can be used to concentrate the solar radiation to achieve the required power however they suffer from complexity and high cost. Moreover, the efficiency of the conventional solar desalination devices such as solar stills decreases dramatically with increasing bulk water quantity, due to the heat loss to bulk water. Therefore, the need to solar steam generation (SG) devices, that localize heating on a thin layer of water rather than the water bulk, arises. Thin film technology has shown promising progress in SG in which solar energy is utilized to wastewater desalination. The past five years have seen a significant surge in the development of thin film based SG devices. In this review, recently developed thin film-based SG devices are scrutinized with respect to their physical mechanisms, fabrication methods, structure, advantages, and disadvantages. Different types of thin-film materials, including: metal-based nanoparticles, metal oxides, carbon-based materials, polymers, etc.; as well as different substrates materials, including: wood, paper, cotton fabric, carbon fabric, polystyrene foam, and gauze, have been discussed. Moreover, different preparation and synthetization methods of the steam generation devices have been discussed. Suggestions for future research directions are also presented.
关键词： Substrate materials,Heat localization,Solar energy,Steam generation,Deposition techniques,Thin film technology
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Broadband aggregation-independent plasmonic absorber for highly efficient solar steam generation
摘要： Achieving efficient solar steam generation under natural sunlight has huge potential for sewage purification and seawater desalination. Plasmonic resonance has been extensively exploited for enhancing and extending the range of optical absorption. Up till now, most reported broadband plasmonic solar absorbers are designed by compact aggregation or engineering plasmonic architectures. In this work, we develop a new plasmonic absorber using gold nanostructure with the shape of a trepang (nano-trepang). By rationally regulated anisotropy at the single nanoparticle level, the nano-trepang show good optical absorption over the entire solar spectrum (92.9 %) with no requirement of engineering nanoparticles aggregation or constructing plasmonic architecture. The nano-trepang were then loaded into a polymeric aerogel and the network shows excellent solar-to-vapor energy conversion of 79.3%. Under 1 sun AM1.5 G irradiation, a stable solar vapor rate of 2.7 kg m-2 h-1 can be achieved, with high performance of anti-salt precipitation in the practice seawater steam generation. This work shows a broadband plasmonic absorber with aggregation-independent performance for high-efficient solar stream generation and provides new strategy for practical solar desalination.
关键词： plasmonic absorber,solar desalination,gold nanostructure,solar steam generation,nano-trepang
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57