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[IEEE 2019 18th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN) - Huangshan, China (2019.8.5-2019.8.8)] 2019 18th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN) - A Quantization Scheme by Slicing Supercontinuum Spectrum in an All-Normal Dispersion Silicon Nitride Ridge Waveguide
摘要： In this paper, we propose an all normal dispersion silicon nitride waveguide for optical quantization. The results show that a 6-bit quantization resolution is successfully achieved with an effective number of bit of 5.978 bit.
关键词： ridge waveguide,supercontinuum generation,spectral quantization
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Infrared 1000-nm-Supercontinuum by Means of Self-Frequency Shift of Raman Solitons Supported by Four-Wave Mixing
摘要： Infrared spectroscopy is deployed in various fields of science and technology such as organic and inorganic chemistry, monitoring of greenhouse gases, food industry, artwork conservation, and analysis of polymers and semiconductor microelectronics [1]. The supercontinuum generation based on self-frequency shift (SFS) of Raman solitons in various optical fibres is a technology to provide promising spectra for infrared spectroscopy applications. However, these spectra are restricted in range due to the limitations of Raman gain spectrum and optical absorption in silica fibres beyond the C band. Thus, they hardly spread over 300 nm if starting from around 1550 nm [2]. However, as I show here using numerical simulations of the Generalised Nonlinear Schr?dinger Equation, if the SFS of Raman solitons is supported by the effect of four-wave mixing (FWM), the range of such supercontinuum can increase up to 1000 nm counteracting the limits of Raman gain and optical absorption.
关键词： four-wave mixing,Infrared spectroscopy,self-frequency shift,Raman solitons,supercontinuum generation
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Continuum Generation in Higher-Order Modes of Photonic Crystal Fibers
摘要： Low-noise supercontinuum (SC) generation in photonic crystal ?bers (PCFs) can be achieved by using pump pulses of femtosecond (fs) duration and low soliton numbers [1]. The small cores sizes needed to obtain anomalous dispersion for pump wavelengths in the Yb gain band (typically 1030-1070 nm) implies a severe restriction on power for such pump pulses. One possible strategy for power scaling is to pump in higher-order ?ber modes, which can attain the desired dispersion properties in larger cores. This contribution aims to explore the properties of such continua, in particular the conditions necessary to retain a single-mode character of the output.
关键词： nonlinear mode coupling,photonic crystal fibers,higher-order modes,supercontinuum generation
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Photonic Crystal Fiber Infiltrated with Carbon Tetrachloride for Supercontinuum Generation
摘要： Supercontinuum generation in a hollow core photonic crystal fiber infiltrated with carbon tetrachloride was verified numerically and experimentally with femtosecond laser. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) infiltrated core of photonic crystal fiber (PCF), as well as other liquid core PCFs, have a large potential for supercontinuum (SC) generation, because they can combinate the unique properties of PCFs, i.e. modify dispersion characteristics by the individually changing of photonic cladding parameters of the PCF, optimize effective mode area and control mode properties, with high nonlinearity of liquid as a core medium. Moreover, using liquid core PCFs for SC generation can reduce requirements on high peak power and complexity of pump laser systems [1]. Carbon tetrachloride is one of the most interesting liquid in this area because it has very high nonlinear refractive index n2 = 1.53*10-19 (m2/W) @ λ=1.064 μm [2], it is highly transparent from visible range to mid-infrared (MIR) [3], and its linear refractive index is similar to silica – therefore development of single mode fibers compatible with standard silica fibers is feasible. Therefore, carbon tetrachloride core PCFs gives a large opportunities to obtain the broadband SC generation in infrared.
关键词： femtosecond laser,photonic crystal fiber,carbon tetrachloride,supercontinuum generation
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Quadratic Solitons and their Interaction with Dispersive Waves in Lithium Niobate Nano-Waveguides
摘要： Lithium Niobate (LN) nano-waveguides combine the high nonlinearity and broadband transparency of LN with the sensitive tunability of geometric group velocity dispersion (GVD) and the strong field enhancement of subwavelength waveguides. Together these properties make the newly emerging LN nano-waveguides a compelling candidate for research into dynamics of quadratic temporal solitons, and frequency conversion processes driven by solitons interacting with dispersive waves. Emission of resonant radiation (RR) by temporal solitons due to cubic nonlinearity is known to be one of the key mechanism behind supercontinuum generation. Recent research into cubic solitons interacting with quadratic nonlinearities has found new mechanisms for tunable RR. In this work we analyse theoretically bright temporal quadratic solitons in LN nano-waveguides. Quadratic solitons consist of two co-propagating pulses at fundamental harmonic (FH) and second harmonic (SH) frequencies. The interaction between these two pulses mediated by a nonlinear material allows for the self-phase modulation crucial for soliton formation. Using the slowly varying envelope approximation the normalised fields of the FH, and SH, are described by the coupled nonlinear equations. Structures in which both harmonics experience the same sign of group velocity dispersion (GVD) are predicted to support quadratic solitons. Sub-picosecond solitons with peak powers below 100W can be excited in LN nano-waveguides. We analyse different regimes of RR emission due to non-constant GVD in FH and SH, as well as three wave mixing (TWM) radiation driven by soliton interaction with dispersive waves. Our simulations show RR in agreement with our theoretical predictions. These results suggest the possibility of temporal quadratic soliton excitation and novel mechanisms for RR relevant to frequency conversion and supercontinuum generation in LN nano-waveguides.
关键词： dispersive waves,frequency conversion,resonant radiation,nano-waveguides,supercontinuum generation,Lithium Niobate,quadratic solitons
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Sign-Alternating Dispersion Patterning for Supercontinuum Generation
摘要： Supercontinuum generation (SCG), a process that generates a wide and coherent bandwidth of light, has become foundational in emergent optical technologies in a plethora of fields, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT), metrology (e.g., integrated photonic Kerr combs) and precision sensing. As advanced applications of SCG emerge, the requirements on the spectral bandwidth, the coherence, its temporal compressibility, and the quality of the optical spectral content (e.g., a uniformly flat spectral profile) are increasing. Moreover, as these technologies need not be restricted to the lab, the spectral conversion efficiency of SCG must increase from current technology that functions, e.g., in the tens of nJ pulse energy, to sub nJ levels.
关键词： precision sensing,optical coherence tomography,spectral bandwidth,coherence,metrology,Supercontinuum generation,spectral conversion efficiency,temporal compressibility
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Comparison of SC Fibers for fs Ti:Sapphire Based Hyperspectral CARS Microscopy
摘要： Hyperspectral coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy is a rapidly developing field enabling label-free, chemically selective bio-imaging based on Raman signatures. A significant factor limiting its clinical application is the complexity of current laser sources. A solution immediately relevant to two-photon excited fluorescence imaging laboratories is coherently broadening a fs Ti:Sapphire laser seed in a fiber to provide the Raman wavelengths via spectral-focusing (SF) CARS. The NKT fiber with two Zero Dispersion Wavelengths (ZDWs) is one option but the spectrum exhibits low Power Spectral Density (PSD) because of the large (>800 nm) spectral broadening. Here we perform the first systematic comparison sweeping (i) input pump power, (ii) pump wavelength and (iii) fiber length comparing the coherent SC from a femtoWHITE-CARS (2 ZDWs) fiber, a fiber with one ZDW offset above the seed wavelength, and an all-normal dispersion (ANDi) fiber. Starting with the seed laser polarisation aligned to a principal fiber axis, we show the total experimentally measured spectral output and importantly the polarisation resolved spectral component on the orthogonal axis, which is a measure of the nonlinear power-dependent depolarisation. This orthogonal component will degrade the efficiency of the CARS signal but still contributes to the bio-toxicity that limits the maximum power for imaging. Finally, we show representative SF-CARS microscopy images to showcase the power of this technique.
关键词： fiber optics,spectral-focusing,Ti:Sapphire laser,Hyperspectral CARS microscopy,supercontinuum generation
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 18th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN) - Huangshan, China (2019.8.5-2019.8.8)] 2019 18th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN) - Supercontinuum Generation in Cascaded Photonic Crystal Fiber Tapers
摘要： In this paper, we propose two-stage cascaded photonic crystal fiber tapers for the supercontinuum (SC) generation. The nonlinear evolution of the SC generation is numerically investigated when pump pulses with different peak powers are used.
关键词： supercontinuum generation,Nonlinear,photonic crystal fiber taper
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 18th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN) - Huangshan, China (2019.8.5-2019.8.8)] 2019 18th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN) - 30-W Supercontinuum Genaration in ZBLAN Fiber
摘要： We report results of experimental ZBLAN-fiber-based high-power supercontinuum (SC) laser source with maximal output power of over 30 W. Using a picosecond-thulium-doped fiber laser as pump source, a 30.2 W SC with spectral coverage of 1.85-3.41 μm was obtained. By applying a nanosecond pump laser with spectrum covering the 2-2.5 μm region, a 30.0 W SC with spectral range of 1.9-3.35 μm was achieved. Furthermore, a 27.4-W SC with spectral coverage of 1.9-3.63 μm was obtained by reducing the duty ratio of the pump laser. This letter, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, reports the ZBLAN-fiber based SC source with record power to date.
关键词： high-power,supercontinuum generation,ZBLAN fiber
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - UV-Grade Silica-Based Photonic Crystal Fibers for Broadband UV Generation over 350–395 nm
摘要： A major challenge in supercontinuum (SC) generation is to overcome the shortcomings of existing fibre-based SC sources in the ultraviolet (UV) wavelength range below 400 nm. There is particular need for broadband sources of UV light in applications such as multi-photon fluorescence microscopy for simultaneous coherent excitation of multiple fluorophores. However, UV generation in conventional silica-core fibres is extremely difficult because of factors such as material absorption, large normal dispersion, glass stability, power handling, and aging, and this has motivated much recent interest in the use of alternative approaches. Although these results show great promise, compatibility with the ubiquitous silica platform remains a problem, and there is thus intense current interest in generating UV-light using modified UV-resistant silica glasses. In this paper, we report the design and fabrication of small-core highly nonlinear UV-grade photonic crystal fiber (PCF) drawn from Heraeus F110 UV-resistant silica glass, and its application to broadband UV generation over 260-400 nm. The few mode PCF is shown in Fig. 1(a) and was designed with: core diameter ~4.24 μm, hole diameter d = 3.5 μm, pitch Λ =3.88 μm, and was designed to support five LP modes in a scalar approximation. The calculated dispersion coefficients and mode profiles are shown in Figs 1(b) and (c). Figure 1(d) and (e) show experimental results pumping with picosecond laser pulses at 355 nm. For a 1m length of the PCF, we observe intermodal four-wave mixing (FWM) peaks with Fig. 1(d) showing a series of spectra as the output power varies from 0.1 – 0.2 mW. The FWM peaks are generated over the range 350-370 nm and the peak positions are in good agreement with calculations based on the fibre modal characteristics. For a longer 3 m fibre length, intermodal FWM is not observed, but rather we see cascaded Raman scattering out to 6th-order over the range 355-395 nm. The UV-emission was observed to have stable 0.3 mW output power without any detrimental photo-darkening. In this paper, we have reported the fabrication of highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber from UV-grade glass and experimentally demonstrate nonlinear frequency conversion over 350-395 nm by pumping at 355 nm with picosecond laser pulses. These results represent an important step towards efficient UV supercontinuum generation in an all-silica fiber platform.
关键词： nonlinear frequency conversion,broadband UV generation,supercontinuum generation,UV-grade silica-based photonic crystal fibers,UV-resistant silica glass
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22