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Electropolishing of Laser Powder Bed-Fused IN625 Components in an Ionic Electrolyte
摘要： This work presents the first practical application of ionic electrolytes for electropolishing of nickel-based superalloys. It contains the results of an experiment-driven optimization of the applied potential and electrolyte temperature during electropolishing of laser powder bed-fused IN625 components containing surfaces oriented to the building platform under angles varying from 0 to 135°. For comparative purposes, the roughness profilometry and confocal microscopy techniques were used to characterize the surface finish topographies and the material removal rates of IN625 components subjected to electropolishing in ionic and acidic (reference) electrolytes. After 4 h of electropolishing in both electrolytes, a roughness of Ra ≤ 6.3 μm (ISO N9 grade number of roughness) was obtained for all the build orientations. To elaborate, both electrolytes manifested identical roughness evolutions with time on the 45°(75% Ra reduction) and 90°-oriented (65% Ra reduction) surfaces. Although the roughness reduction on the 135°-oriented surface in the ionic electrolyte was 17% less than in the acidic electrolyte, the former provided a more uniform roughness profile on the 0°-oriented surface (30% Ra reduction) and 44% higher current efficiency than the acidic electrolyte. This work proves that ionic electrolytes constitute a greener alternative to industrial acidic mixtures for electropolishing of three-dimensional (3D)-printed parts from nickel-based superalloys.
关键词： ionic electrolyte,build orientation,surface finish,additive manufacturing,electropolishing,Inconel625
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Fields of application for laser beam polishing of optical glasses
摘要： Conventional manufacturing of freeform optics is expensive and elaborate. The laser beam as a polishing tool offers the possibility to produce optical surfaces fast and effective. The aim of new research on laser beam polishing of optical glasses is to achieve a polished surface finish irrespective of the surface geometrics. The carbon dioxide laser is applied to process pre-machined specimen with different roughness’s. During the polishing process an infrared camera is necessary to monitor the temperature on the surface. An annealing process reduces the process-related tensions. In addition, the cleaning process is investigated to minimize the surface damages. To characterize the surface topographic a white-light interferometer and a stylus instrument are applied. Laser beam polishing of minerals glasses such as N-BK7?, BF33? and fused silica enables surface roughness of less than Ra < 5 nm by form maintenance. By means of self-design setup, the adaption of laser beam polishing on glass cylinders, lenses or freeform is possible. As a result a parallel laser beam with a diameter of 12.65 mm is applied to process tilted surfaces up to 45°. With a laser parameter modulation, the angle-dependent absorption depending on the intensity of the laser radiation is considered.
关键词： white-light interferometer,surface finish,optical glasses,annealing process,cleaning process,infrared camera,carbon dioxide laser,laser beam polishing,stylus instrument
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Direct Metal Laser Sintering of Maraging Steel: Effect of Building Orientation on Surface Roughness and Microhardness
摘要： Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) is a powder bed fusion based Additive Manufacturing (AM) process in which a part is fabricated using layer by layer deposition. In this work, 18% Ni Maraging steel 300 was fabricated using DMLS to examine the variations in surface finish and microhardness using three building orientations i.e. 0?, 45? and 90?. Surface roughness was found to decrease after 20 mm for 45? and 90?. Correspondingly, microhardness was found to decrease in the building direction. Understanding the effect of building orientation on the surface finish and hardness will allow the producer to fabricate superior quality AM parts with desired properties.
关键词： Direct Metal Laser Sintering,Microhardness,Additive Manufacturing,Surface finish,Maraging Steel
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04