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- 2019
- Dye-sensitized solar cell
- Photoelectrode
- Light scattering layer
- Transmittance
- White pigment (R902+)
- Rutile titanium dioxide
- Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices
- Tribhuvan University
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Cu and Zr surface sites in photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanoparticles: The effect of Zr distribution
摘要: The present work is focused on the role of ZrO2 modification in the performance of CuO modified TiO2. Zirconia loading leads to formation of more resistant photocatalytic layers compared to samples modified with only copper containing species. Surface modification of mixed phase TiO2 with CuO/ZrO2 improves the degradation of Reactive blue 19 dye under simulated solar irradiation. An in-depth investigation of the catalysts showed that in case of CuO/ZrO2 modification, the covering of the TiO2 surface with zirconium containing species prevents morphological and harmful energetic changes induced by copper species formed on the rutile TiO2 phase at a higher copper loading.
关键词: Hammett indicators,titanium dioxide,surface modification,XAS analysis,surface acidity
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Inkjet Printed hybrid light sensors based on Titanium Dioxide and PEDOT:PSS
摘要: We demonstrate photodetectors sensitive to ultraviolet light entirely developed by means of inkjet printing technique and based on titanium dioxide and PEDOT:PSS. Devices have a lateral architecture and are realized on a plastic substrate, thanks to the low thermal budget production process. Pure titania devices behave as standard photodetectors, increasing their conductivity by more than 4 orders of magnitude upon UV light exposure. Bilayers of PEDOT:PSS and titania show an inverted behavior, with a high conductivity in the dark which drops by 7 orders of magnitude upon light exposure: this is likely due to the fast recombination of PEDOT:PSS holes with photogenerated TiO2 electrons. The series connection of pure TiO2 and of PEDOT:PSS/TiO2 bilayer is suggested as the basis for the development of low-power, complementary–like, photosensitive voltage dividers.
关键词: photosensitive voltage divider,inkjet printing,PEDOT:PSS,inverted,UV detector,titanium dioxide,negative photoconductivity,photoresistor
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Color removal from wastewater by photocatalytic process using titanium dioxide-coated glass, ceramic tile, and stainless steel sheets
摘要: Dye pollutants from textile industries are a major wastewater problem because they have complex chemical structures. Photocatalysis is a promising wastewater treatment method, which is used to remove dyes under light irradiation in the presence of a photocatalyst. In this article, titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalyst was synthesized through sol-gel technique and coated on different substrates (i.e. transparent glass, glazed ceramic tile, and stainless steel) by doctor blade technique. The coated substrates were used in an innovative reactor to remove colors in dye wastewater. The photocatalytic activities of the designed reactor were determined using a synthetic dye wastewater (methylene blue) under UV irradiations (36W-UVA or 30W-UVC lamps). The results showed that the optimum substrate yielded the highest color removal efficiency (93.03 ± 0.66%) was TiO2-coated glass under UVC irradiation. The recycling ability of TiO2-coated glass sheet was also evaluated. It was found that TiO2-coated glass sheet provided the same efficiencies for 20 cycles. In addition, the actual wastewater from textile industry was tested in this study with different pH values (i.e. pH = 3e11). The maximum color removal obtained was 87.86 ± 0.23% at pH value 11 on TiO2-coated glass under UVC irradiation. The color removal was found to decrease with decreasing pH.
关键词: Photocatalysis,Color removal,Wastewater treatment,Titanium dioxide,Dye wastewater
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) - Reston, VA (2018.9.30-2018.10.4)] 2018 IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) - 40Gb/s Carrier Depletion-Based Silicon Micro-Ring Modulators
摘要: A high-speed silicon microring modulator based on a titanium-doped silicon rib waveguide has been demonstrated. Small footprint of 26.5 μm × 26.5 μm with low driving voltage of 1.5 V and 22 dB extinction ratio at 20 Gb/s modulation has been achieved. The high-speed performance is attributed to the low capacitance of the device and the efficient plasma dispersion effect in silicon. Moreover, the modulator exhibits a low propagation loss of 2.5 dB/cm and a high modulation efficiency of 1.5 V·cm. The device is fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer with a 220 nm top silicon layer and a 2 μm buried oxide layer. The rib waveguide has a width of 500 nm and a height of 220 nm with a slab height of 150 nm. The titanium doping concentration is 1×10^20 cm^{-3}. The modulator is characterized using a lightwave component analyzer and a high-speed photodetector. The 3-dB bandwidth is measured to be 20 GHz. The eye diagrams at 20 Gb/s show clear eye opening with low jitter. The results indicate that the titanium-doped silicon microring modulator is promising for high-speed optical interconnects.
关键词: high-speed modulation,titanium doping,optical interconnects,silicon photonics,microring modulator
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Effect of structural and Eu3+ amount in TiO2 semiconductor material on downconversion photoluminescence properties
摘要: The search for new materials for application in energy production and conversion has identified inorganic oxides doped with rare earth ions as promising candidates for the construction of photovoltaic devices for energy conversion. This work presents the synthesis of TiO2 powders doped with Eu3+, using propylene glycol in the reaction medium, changing the europium percentage at 0.2, 3 and 7 mol%, and heat-treated at 700, 750, 800 and 900 °C for 8 h. The results of X-ray diffraction showed the formation of TiO2 polymorphs (anatase and rutile), both belonging to the tetragonal system and also the formation of europium titanate. The Rietveld refinement showed the deformation of the network parameters and volume of the unit cell, as well as the percent composition of the phases. Raman spectroscopy corroborated the results of XRD. Photoluminescence results showed that the synthesized materials have intense emission in the red region with the most intense band positioned at 614 nm assigned to the 5D0 → 7F2 transition of Eu3+ mainly in the sample with 3 mol% of Eu3+ heat-treated at 700 °C. The life time results showed that the photoluminescence of the materials are dependent on the crystalline structure, the host matrix in which the Eu3+ is localized, and the amount of the dopant in the sample. According to the results obtained in this work, the materials have the interesting downconversion effect, being a great absorber of UV–vis energy and converting that energy to the visible region. Materials with these photoluminescence properties associated with the structural properties are very interesting for use in the improvement of solar cells.
关键词: Rare earths,Titanium dioxide,Photoluminescence,Downconversion
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Doping induced performance enhancement in inverted small molecule organic photodiodes operating below 1V reverse bias - Towards compatibility with CMOS for imaging applications
摘要: Organic photodiodes (OPDs) offer a myriad of advantages over conventional inorganic photodetectors, making them particularly attractive for imaging application. One of the key challenges preventing their utilization is the need for their integration into the standard CMOS processing. Herein, we report a CMOS-compatible top-illuminated inverted small molecule bi-layer OPD with extremely low dark leakage current. The device utilizes a titanium nitride (TiN) bottom electrode modified by a [6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) cathode buffer layer (CBL). We systemetically show that doping the CBL enhances device's low voltage (below 1 V reverse bias) photoresponse by increasing the linear dynamic range (LDR) and making the bandwidth of the photodidoe broader without compromising the leakage current. The optimized device exhibits a dark leakage current of only ~ 6 x 10-10 A/cm2 at -0.5 V. The external quantum efficiency (EQE) at 500 nm reaches 23% with a calculated specific detectivity as high as 7.15 x 1012 cm Hz1/2/W (Jones). Also the LDR approaches 140dB and the bandwidth is about 400kHz, at -0.5 V bias. The proposed device structure is fully compatible with CMOS processing and can be integrated onto a CMOS readout circuit offering the potential to be applied in high-performance large-scale imaging arrays.
关键词: Interface engineering,Doping,CMOS,Titanium nitride,Organic photodiode,Cathode buffer layer
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Effect of gas mixing ratio on structural characteristics of titanium dioxide nanostructures synthesized by DC reactive magnetron sputtering
摘要: In this work, high-quality and highly pure titanium dioxide nanostructures were synthesized by a homemade dc closed-field unbalanced reactive magnetron sputtering system. The operation parameters of the magnetron sputtering system were optimized to prepare TiO2 nanostructures as thin films on glass substrates. These nanostructures were characterized by x-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Both anatase and rutile phases were identified. The mixing ratio of argon and oxygen (Ar:O2) gases was found very important to control the structural characteristics of the prepared nanostructures.
关键词: Nanostructures,Reactive sputtering,Titanium dioxide,Thin films
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Development of a photocatalytic filter to control indoor air quality
摘要: Background: The aim of this work was the development and characterization of a photocatalytic filter for the treatment of indoor air, characterized by a low pressure drop. Methods: The filter (photocatalytic filter) was based on a polyester substrate additivated with active carbon (Carbotex 150-6), treated with a sol of titanium dioxide (Sol 121-AB; NextMaterials Ltd.) and illuminated with UV LEDs to induce photocatalytic activity. Results: Tests showed that this filter, used in a suitable device for air circulation with a very low noise level, had the ability to block solid particulates, to photocatalytically oxidize a major fraction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and deactivate all of the bacteria blocked on the filter, in contrast to traditional commercial air filters on which the bacteria remain viable. Conclusions: Activated charcoal filters treated with TiO2 and illuminated by UV LEDs were found to be extremely effective in killing bacteria and effective in decreasing VOC and total suspended particulates (TSP).
关键词: Bacteria,Titanium oxide,Photocatalysis,Filters,Total solid particulate,Volatile organic compounds
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Microstructure and Properties of Graphene Oxide-doped TiO2 Coating on Titanium by Micro Arc Oxidation
摘要: Micro arc oxidation (MAO) coatings doped with graphene oxide (GO) were prepared on pure titanium by adding GO and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) into a sodium silicate solution. The as-deposited coatings were comparatively analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The binding forces of the MAO, MAO+GO and MAO+GO+SDBS three coatings were measured by a scratch tester. The mechanical property of the three coatings was analyzed using the nano-indentation technique. The corrosion resistance of the coatings was tested by the electrochemical system in 3.5% NaCl solution. The photocatalytic activity of the prepared samples was evaluated by determining the degradation of methylene blue (MB) solution. The results showed that compared to the MAO coating, the morphologies and phase compositions of MAO+GO and MAO+GO+SDBS composite coatings were significantly different. These two composite coatings all had superior photocatalytic activity. Especially, the MAO+GO composite coating still had enhanced binding force and excellent corrosion resistance. Furthermore, the relationship between the microstructure and the properties of these three MAO coatings was analyzed.
关键词: pure titanium,graphene oxide,micro arc oxidation,properties,microstructure
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Influence of precursor solution concentration on the structural, optical and humidity sensing properties of spray-deposited TiO <sub/>2</sub> thin films
摘要: In the present paper, the influence of precursor concentration on the structural, optical, and humidity sensing properties of spray-deposited titanium dioxide (TiO2) films are investigated. The TiO2 thin films were successfully deposited by spraying different precursor concentrations such as 0.075 M, 0.1 M, and 0.125 M of titanium trichloride solution onto glass substrates. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) studies confirmed the polycrystalline anatase phase of TiO2 with dominant (101) plane. The crystallite size was found to increase with the increase in precursor concentration. The micro-strain and dislocation density in the film was observed to decrease as the crystallite size increased. The UV–vis spectra confirmed the optical absorbance edge of the samples shifted toward lower wavelengths with increased precursor concentration. The humidity sensing properties of the synthesized material were measured by monitoring the change in resistance of the sample with the change in relative humidity. The material synthesized with 0.1 M precursor concentration, by using the spray pyrolysis method, shows good sensitivity and has a response time of 77.5 s and fast recovery time of 3 s.
关键词: electrical,titanium dioxide,structural,gas sensing,spray pyrolysis
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52