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Plasmonic Nanoassemblies: Tentacles Beat Satellites for Boosting Broadband NIR Plasmon Coupling Providing a Novel Candidate for SERS and Photothermal Therapy
摘要： Optical theranostic applications demand near-infrared (NIR) localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and maximized electric field at nano-surfaces and nanojunctions, aiding diagnosis via Raman or optoacoustic imaging, and photothermal-based therapies. To this end, multiple permutations and combinations of plasmonic nanostructures and molecular “glues” or linkers are employed to obtain nanoassemblies, such as nano-branches and core–satellite morphologies. An advanced nanoassembly morphology comprising multiple linear tentacles anchored onto a spherical core is reported here. Importantly, this core-multi-tentacle-nanoassembly (CMT) benefits from numerous plasmonic interactions between multiple 5 nm gold nanoparticles (NPs) forming each tentacle as well as tentacle to core (15 nm) coupling. This results in an intense LSPR across the “biological optical window” of 650?1100 nm. It is shown that the combined interactions are responsible for the broadband LSPR and the intense electric field, otherwise not achievable with core–satellite morphologies. Further the sub 80 nm CMTs boosted NIR-surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), with detection of SERS labels at 47 × 10-9 m, as well as lower toxicity to noncancerous cell lines (human fibroblast Wi38) than observed for cancerous cell lines (human breast cancer MCF7), presents itself as an attractive candidate for use as biomedical theranostics agents.
关键词： branched polymers,core–satellites,surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS),plasmonic nanoassemblies,broadband NIR absorbance,cell toxicity
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Plasmonic Gold Templates Enhancing Single Cell Lipidomic Analysis of Microorganisms
摘要： Single cell lipid profiling is a powerful tool to connect membrane composition and its changes within individual cells to specific biochemical functions or stimuli, but current approaches are inadequate due to the complex nature of the cells and technical limitation in analysis. Herein we report a new method with plasmonic substrates capable of cell localization and enhanced lipid ionization through thin-gold-film MALDI-MS. We performed lipidomic profiling of algae single cells with a 120-well microarray and identified more than 50 lipids in C. reinhardtii without an extraction process. The substrate was used for probing toxicological effect of herbicide atrazine on the algae’s lipidome, demonstrating molecular changes in glycerol lipid profiles. Fast location of cells with metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) and subsequent precise and direct ionization of the LDI process contribute to the enhanced performance, allowing for assessment of lipid changes concurrent with atrazine affected populations. This method that combines microarrays, MEF and MALDI-MS presents an effective platform for lipidomic study of single cells and for environmental toxicity study with microorganisms.
关键词： plasmonic substrates,MALDI-MS,atrazine,environmental toxicity,lipidomic profiling,single cell lipid profiling
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Rapid Assessment of Water Toxicity by Plasmonic Nanomechanical Sensing
摘要： The ability to rapidly and accurately detect water toxicity is crucial for monitoring water quality and assessing toxic risk, but such detection remains a great challenge. Here, we present a plasmonic nanomechanical sensing (PNMS) system for the rapid assessment of water toxicity. This technique is based on the plasmonic sensing of the nanomechanical movement of single bacterial cells, which could be inhibited upon exposure to potential toxicants. By correlating the amplitude of nanomechanical movement with bacterial activity, we detected a variety of toxic substances in water. The direct readout of bacterial activity via PNMS allowed for a high sensitivity to toxicants in water, thereby enabling us to evaluate the acute toxicological effect of chemical compounds rapidly. The PNMS method is promising for online alerts of water quality safety and for assessing chemical hazards. We anticipate that PNMS is also suitable for a wide range of other applications, including bacterial detection and high-throughput screening of anti-bacterial materials.
关键词： water toxicity,nanomechanical movement,high-throughput,detection,Single cell
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Glutathione Capped Core/shell CdSeS/ZnS Quantum Dots as a Medical Imaging tool for Cancer Cells
摘要： Nanomaterials have secured an enduring position as a promising contender for various biological applications. Quantum dot (QD) is one such example of nano sized semiconductor material having unique optical characteristics that makes it an ideal candidate to be used as imaging tool for today’s medical industry. In the present study, the L-Glutathione (L-GSH) capped L-GSH-CdSeS/ZnS core/shell QDs were applied to visualize MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Time and dose dependent studies were done, to study the cell penetration and visualization of QDs within the cancer cells. MTT assay was done to derive the percent cell viability of cancer cells at different QDs dose concentrations. Cell cytotoxicity of the capped CdSeS/ZnS QDs were also studied on non-cancerous healthy cells. Human cancerous cells were treated with the selected doses of QDs for different time durations followed by counter staining of the cells with fluorescent DAPI nuclear stain to observe the reflected QD mediated effects. The small sized QDs were localized predominantly in the cytoplasm of MCF-7 cells and displayed no significant cytotoxicity on healthy cells. Our findings suggest that our new synthesized L-GSH-CdSeS/ZnS core/shell QDs could be highly biocompatible and can have a high probability of applications in bio-labeling and imaging for cancer diagnostics.
关键词： Diagnostics,CdSeS/ZnS Quantum dot,Toxicity,Biocompatible,Cancer,Cell death,MCF-7
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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In vivo evaluation of safety, biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of laser-synthesized gold nanoparticles
摘要： Capable of generating plasmonic and other effects, gold nanostructures can offer a variety of diagnostic and therapy functionalities for biomedical applications, but conventional chemically-synthesized Au nanomaterials cannot always match stringent requirements for toxicity levels and surface conditioning. Laser-synthesized Au nanoparticles (Aunp) present a viable alternative to chemical counterparts and can offer exceptional purity (no trace of contaminants) and unusual surface chemistry making possible direct conjugation with biocompatible polymers (dextran, polyethylene glycol). this work presents the first pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and safety study of laser-ablated dextran-coated Aunp (Aunpd) under intravenous administration in small animal model. our data show that Aunpd are rapidly eliminated from the blood circulation and accumulated preferentially in liver and spleen, without inducing liver or kidney toxicity, as confirmed by the plasmatic ALAT and ASAT activities, and creatininemia values. Despite certain residual accumulation in tissues, we did not detect any sign of histological damage or inflammation in tissues, while IL-6 level confirmed the absence of any chronic inflammation. The safety of AuNPd was confirmed by healthy behavior of animals and the absence of acute and chronic toxicities in liver, spleen and kidneys. our results demonstrate that laser-synthesized Aunp are safe for biological systems, which promises their successful biomedical applications.
关键词： gold nanoparticles,biodistribution,pharmacokinetics,toxicity,laser ablation
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Quantum dot cellular uptake and toxicity in the developing brain: implications for use as imaging probes
摘要： Nanometer-sized luminescent semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have been utilized as imaging and therapeutic agents in a variety of disease settings, including diseases of the central nervous system. QDs have several advantages over traditional fluorescent probes including their small size (5–10 nm), tunable excitation and emission spectra, tailorable surface functionality, efficient photoluminescence, and robust photostability, which are ideal characteristics for in vivo imaging. Although QDs are promising imaging agents in brain-related applications, no systematic evaluation of QD behavior in brain-relevant conditions has yet been done. Therefore, we sought to investigate QD colloidal stability, cellular uptake, and toxicity in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo in the brain environment. We found that QD behavior is highly dependent on surface functionality and that treatment of cultured organotypic whole hemisphere (OWH) slices with QDs results in dose-dependent toxicity and metallothionein increase, but no subsequent mRNA expression level changes in inflammatory cytokines or other oxidative stress. QDs coated with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) were protected from aggregation in neurophysiologically relevant fluids and allowed for greater penetration in tissue. Importantly, QD behavior differed in cultured slices as compared to monolayer cell cultures, and behavior in cultured slices aligned more closely with that seen in vivo. Irrespective of surface chemistry and brain-relevant platform, non-aggregated QDs were primarily internalized by microglia in a region-dependent manner both in slices and in vivo upon systemic administration. This knowledge will help guide further engineering of candidate QD-based imaging probes for neurological application.
关键词： brain,imaging probes,quantum dots,colloidal stability,cellular uptake,toxicity
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Estimation on hazardous characteristics of the components from linear type of end-of-life light-emitting diode lamps
摘要： The supply of light-emitting diode (LED) lamps has been expanding as lighting devices to replace fluorescent lamps. Accordingly, it is expected that a large amount of end-of-life LED lamps will be generated. Among various types of LED lamps, liner LED lamps are generally used. Since linear LED lamps have been reported to use hazardous materials such as As and Pb, the hazardous characteristics of end-of-life LED lamps were estimated. To verify the hazardous characteristics of end-of-life linear LED lamps, leaching tests such as Korea Extraction Test (KET) and Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure (TCLP) were carried out for the overall mixture and the each component of end-of-life linear LED lamps. The linear LED lamp is generally composed of cover, frame, LED, the driver and others. The portions of LED and the driver in linear LED lamp are only about 1% and 10%, respectively. End-of-life linear LED lamp can be non-hazardous waste because leaching concentrations of heavy metals in the overall mixture of end-of-life linear LED lamp were lower than the regulatory level. Since leaching concentrations of As, Pb and Cu in LED and the driver were higher than the regulatory level, however, LED and the driver can be classified as the hazardous waste.
关键词： Hazardous characteristic,LED,Toxicity characteristics leaching procedure (TCLP),Korea extraction test (KET)
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Use of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) or photobiomodulation (PBM) for the management of the hand-foot syndrome (HSF) or palmo-plantar erythrodysesthesia (PPED) associated with cancer therapy
摘要： The purpose of this pilot study was to determine whether photobiomodulation (PBM) might be effective for chemotherapy-induced palmo-plantar erythrodyesthesia (PPED), as it is for mucositis or radio dermatitis; no standard therapy exists for PPED. Patients were allocated to PBM or sham irradiation and were blindly assessed after 2 weeks. Pain and satisfaction with treatment were also evaluated. We found a significant benefit from PBM in comparison with sham treatment (p < 0.03) and a decrease of pain in 49% of the patients. No adverse reactions were observed. We concluded that PBM might represent a useful approach for the management of PPED.
关键词： Low-level laser,Palmo-plantar erythrodysesthesia,Photobiomodulation,Chemotherapy-induced toxicity
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Endoplasmic reticulum stress involved in renal autophagy and dysfunction triggered by CdTe-quantum dots
摘要： Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an indispensable imaging tool in clinical diagnosis of a wide range of diseases, including cancer.[1] The resolution of MRI could be further enhanced by using the MR contrast agent. However, the most widely used MR contrast agents, gadolinium based contrast agents, show potential toxicity to human, which can induce serious side effects such as nephrogenic systemic ?brosis (NSF). Therefore, a biocompatible MR contrast agent with considerable contrasting effect is urgently needed to ensure the safety and clinical performance of this technique.[2] In this study, novel manganese based nanobubbles were fabricated to function as a T1 contrast agent for MRI. The nanobubbles were demonstrated to have good contrasting effect as well as very low toxicity. The major metabolic clearance of these nanobubbles in vivo was demonstrated in mouse model. We also demonstrated that our nanobubbles are perfect drug carrier for MR imaging-guided chemotherapy. Our results suggest that biocompatible manganese based nanobubbles are a promising MR contrast agent for clinical diagnosis and treatment of tumors.[3]
关键词： MRI,Contrast agent,Toxicity,Cancer therapy
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Asymmetric Bidirectional Controlled Teleportation by Using Nine-Qubit Entangled State in Noisy Environment
摘要： Organic ligands are commonly believed to decrease the toxicity of metal ions, but there is few experimental evidence, especially for chromium (Cr(III)), which often coexists with organic compounds in industrial effluents. Here, the complexation of Cr(III) with acetate, lactate, l-tartrate, biphthalate and oxalate was tested under the conditions of a toxicity test, with high ion strength, by spectroscopic techniques. The stability constants of the complexes were found to follow the order Cr(III) oxalate > Cr(III) lactate > Cr(III) biphthalate > Cr(III) L-tartrate > Cr(III) acetate. Then, aquatic toxicity of Cr(III) to Photobacterium phosphoreum for a 15-min exposure period was tested in the absence and presence of organic ligands. Results unexpectedly show that the complexation of Cr(III) with acetic, lactate, l-tartrate and biphthalate resulted in enhanced toxicity to luminescent bacteria, whereas the coordination of Cr(III) with oxalate sharply alleviated the toxicity of individual oxalate and inorganic Cr(III), which was further confirmed by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Our findings show thus that organics do not always mitigate the toxicity of Cr(III) in acidic water.
关键词： Toxicity,pH,Stability constant,Organics,Cr(III)
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04