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Self-assembled interface monolayers for organic and hybrid electronics
摘要： The state of the art in the field of self-assembled organic interface monolayers widely used in organic and hybrid electronics is analyzed and the results obtained are summarized. Recent advances in full and local substrate modification using interface layers are considered in detail. Examples of the most successful applications of interface monolayers as monolayer dielectrics, modifiers of the work function and adhesion promoters are given. The advantages of utilizing interface monolayers at semiconductor/dielectric interfaces and for modifying the semiconductor surface are demonstrated. Specific features of formation of nanostructured surfaces including those used in biosensoric applications are outlined.
关键词： adhesion promoters,work function modifiers,biosensors,organic electronics,interface layers,hybrid electronics,dielectrics,self-assembled monolayers
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Sol–gel approach for the growth of vertically aligned 3D-TiO2 nanorod arrays as an efficient photoanode for high-performance dye-sensitized solar cells
摘要： In this study, a facile, low cost, and scalable sol–gel method has been proposed for the coating of ultra-thin layer of TiO2 on FTO substrate as a seed layer for the growth of 3D-TiO2 nanorod (3D-TiO2-NR) arrays on FTO. Then, the two-step hydrothermal process including nanorod growth and the chemical etching treatment was proceeded for the fabrication of FTO/3D-TiO2-NR photoanodes. The thickness of the deposited TiO2 in FTO/TiO2-sg samples was measured with small-angle X-ray scattering technique, and it was obtained to be 21.3 nm. FE-SEM and TEM techniques were used for the morphological characterization of 3D-TiO2-NR, and it was obtained that the tightly adhered film of vertically aligned 3D-TiO2-NR with two-layer nanostructuring is formed with a cubic base and a nanorods head. Finally, DSSCs with iodine-based and cobalt(II/III) tris(2,2′-bipyridine) complex-based electrolytes with two different photoanodes including 3D-TiO2-NR and TiO2-NP were assembled and their photovoltaic characteristics were investigated. For [Co(bpy)3]2+/3+ shuttle-based DSSC, the obtained power conversion efficiency (η) was about 3.5% with Jsc of 9.36 mA cm?2 in 3D-TiO2-NR-based DSSC, while η of TiO2-NP-based DSSC was about 1.4%. The results showed that employing 3D-TiO2-NR-based photoanode in DSSCs with bulky electron shuttles remarkably improves the photovoltaic characteristics of DSSCs. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopic studies also showed the lower charge transfer resistances for DSSCs with nanorod-based photoanode building blocks.
关键词： Adhesion,Electron shuttle,TiO2 nanorod arrays,DSSC,Cobalt(II/III) tris(2,2′-bipyridine) complexes,Sol–gel
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Vitreomacular interface alterations following peripheral laser retinopexy: Interface changes after laser
摘要： Aim: To demonstrate the morphological outcomes of macular hole following prophylactic peripheral laser retinopexy (PPLR). Methods: Our retrospective case-control analysis included 92 eyes, 55 in the laser group and 37 in the non-laser group. Fifty-five patients were subjected to prophylactic peripheral laser retinopexy in preparation for pars plana vitrectomy for macular hole, with and without vitreomacular adhesion (laser group). Before and after prophylactic peripheral laser retinopexy, we evaluated any changes in vitreomacular anatomy by optical coherence tomography. Optical coherence tomography changes were also analyzed in the visits preceding pars plana vitrectomy in 37 macular hole eyes not subjected to prophylactic peripheral laser retinopexy (non-laser group). Results: In the laser group, 7 out of 55 eyes (12.7%) showed macular hole closure (6 out of 18 macular hole eyes with vitreomacular adhesion (33.3%) and 1 out of 37 eyes without vitreomacular adhesion (2.7%)), while no patients showed macular hole closure in the non-laser group (p < 0.05). The mean width of the seven closed macular hole was 191.4 μm (range: 59–282 μm). In all except one of the six macular hole eyes with vitreomacular adhesion, the macular hole closed without vitreomacular adhesion release. In our analysis of the patient subgroup with vitreomacular adhesion, we observed a release of vitreomacular adhesion in 3 out of 18 eyes (16.6%) in the laser group and in 1 out of 13 eyes (7.6%) in the non-laser group (p > 0.05). Conclusion: These findings support a possible beneficial role for prophylactic peripheral laser retinopexy in selected individuals with macular hole.
关键词： Laser retinopexy,macular hole,macular hole closure,vitreomacular adhesion
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Adhesion of Single-walled Carbon Nanotube Thin Films with Different Materials
摘要： Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) possess extraordinary physical and chemical properties. Thin films of randomly oriented SWCNTs have great potential in many opto-electro-mechanical applications. However, good adhesion of SWCNT films with a substrate material is pivotal for their practical use. Here, for the first time we systematically investigate the adhesion properties of SWCNT thin films with commonly used substrates such as glass (SiO2), indium tin oxide (ITO), crystalline silicon (C-Si), amorphous silicon (a-Si:H), zirconium oxide (ZrO2), platinum (Pt), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and SWCNTs for self-adhesion using atomic force microscopy. By comparing the results obtained in air and inert Ar atmospheres we observed a great contribution of the surface state of the materials on their adhesion properties. We found that the SWCNT thin films have higher adhesion in an inert atmosphere. The adhesion in the air can be greatly improved by a fluorination process. Experimental and theoretical analyses suggest that adhesion depends on the atmospheric conditions and surface functionalization.
关键词： adhesion energy,inert atmosphere,Single-walled carbon nanotubes,fluorination,ambient conditions,thin films
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Control of adhesion force for micro LED transfer using a magnetorheological elastomer
摘要： Liquid crystal display and organic light emitting diode (LED) account for most of the display market. Globally, micro LED has gained wide attention. A microchip must be moved on the substrate correctly to mass-produce micro LED displays. The original method of moving microchips uses a polymer stamp to control adhesion, such as changing contact force and separation velocity. However, this method causes the problem of repeatability. In this study, a stamp is produced based on biomaterial engineering that controls the characteristic of the material surface using microstructures. The magnetorheological elastomer is used, which can control mechanical properties according to the magnetic field. Furthermore, the possibility of the pick and place process for microchips is analyzed.
关键词： Adhesion force,MRE (magnetorheological elastomer),Photolithography,Micro-structure
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Fast optical method for characterizing plasmonic nanoparticle adhesion on functionalized surfaces
摘要： In this paper, a rapid optical method for characterizing plasmonic (gold) nanoparticle (AuNP) adhesion is presented. Two different methods were used for AuNP preparation: the well-known Turkevich method resulted in particles with negative surface charge; for preparing AuNPs with positive surface charge, stainless steel was used as reducing agent. The solid surface for adhesion was provided by a column packed with pristine or surface-modified glass beads. The size of the nanoparticles was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS); the surface charge of the components was determined by streaming potential measurements. The characterization of adhesion was performed in a flow system by UV-Vis spectroscopy. During the adhesion experiments, the role of the surface charge, the particle size, and the pH were studied, as well as the adhered amount of gold nanoparticles and the surface coverage values. The latter was estimated by theoretical calculations and defined by the quotient of the measured and the maximal adhered amount of nanoparticles, which could be determined by the cross-sectional area of the NPs and the specific surface area of the glass beads. The results are verified by the polarization reflectometric interference spectroscopy (PRIfS) method: silica nanoparticles with diameters of a few hundred (d~450) nanometers were immobilized on the surface of glass substrate by the Langmuir–Blodgett method, the surface was modified similar to the 3D (continuous flow packed column) system, and gold nanoparticles from different pH solutions were adhered during the measurements. These kinds of modified surfaces allow the investigation of biomolecule adsorption in the same reflectometric setup.
关键词： Adhesion,Reflectometric interference spectroscopy,Flow system,Optical method,Plasmonic nanoparticles,Surface charge
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Omnidirectional light harvesting enhancement of dye-sensitized solar cells decorated with two-dimensional ZnO nanoflowers
摘要： Surface hydrophilicity has a crucial effect on adhesion forces in air. However, the influence demands clarification. A spherical tip was used to measure adhesion forces on silicon samples with different treatment methods on an atomic force microscope at high relative humidity. The treatment methods were plasma treatment with storage for a time and ultrasonic cleaning in alcohol and water. Both abnormally large and small adhesion forces were observed, and the adhesion force behavior is closely related to surface hydrophilicity. With plasma treatment, the maximum force can be as large as ~4.8 μN, which was attributed to the formation of siloxane bonds (Si-O-Si) between opposing surfaces and the capillary force due to a water bridge. However, the abnormally large adhesion force can only last for a few hours, and then either decreases gradually or decreases suddenly to an abnormally small value. The decrease was attributed to the displacement of hydroxyl groups by organic molecules and the adsorption of some other airborne contaminants on the surface. The possible reasons for abnormally small forces were also presented. However, the abnormal values were not observed on samples with ultrasonic cleaning. These results may help facilitate the anti-adhesion design for silicon-based small-scale systems.
关键词： pull-off force,water bridge,contact angles,Atomic force microscopy,adhesion by chemical bonding
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Pulsed Laser Activation of Carbene Bioadhesive Boosts Bonding Strength
摘要： Light-activated tissue adhesives are limited to low light doses (50 J) and intensities (<1 W cm?2) due to photo-to-thermal heat generation. Low intensities have the disadvantage of limited penetration depths with retarded crosslinking kinetics, which impairs carbene-based crosslinking strategies that compete with nitrogen evolution and gas nucleation. These limitations are circumvented by a trade-off between high-intensity activation while reducing the exposure surface area. Continuous or pulsed activation by line scanning the carbene precursor adhesive allows curing a higher surface area/volume ratio while preventing localized heat generation. By optimizing irradiation with a pulsed laser scan, the adhesion strength is improved by 17-fold over ultraviolet A (UVA) light emitting diodes (LEDs) and is on par with bioadhesive gold standard of topical cyanoacrylates. Overall, this improved method of photo-activation applies to other industrial and clinical photocuring adhesives where limits on UVA dose constrain exposure intensities.
关键词： lasers,diazirine,polyamidoamine,UVA,wet tissue adhesion,carbene
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 69th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC) - Las Vegas, NV, USA (2019.5.28-2019.5.31)] 2019 IEEE 69th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC) - Moisture Barrier, Mechanical, and Thermal Properties of PDMS-PIB Blends for Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Module Encapsulant
摘要： In this study, we have investigated and screened the performance of our adhesive material that does not require an edge seal. This paper primarily focuses on the synergistic properties of PDMS and PIB via physical blending. The UV blocking nature of PDMS and the high adhesion and superior barrier property of PIB were considered. Our polymer blend also maintains the transparency in the visible range. This polymer blends were performed with several kinds of material characterizations such as morphology, hardness, thermal profiles, moisture ingress properties, and adhesion strength. This paper serves to provide discussions on preliminary evaluations for transparent PV module encapsulant.
关键词： PV Encapsulant,Adhesion Strength,Moisture Ingress,PDMS-PIB Blend
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Bacterial Adhesion on Femtosecond Laser-Modified Polyethylene
摘要： In this study, femtosecond laser-induced sub-micrometer structures are generated to modify polyethylene (PE) surface topographies. These surfaces were subjected to bacterial colonization studies with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus as test strains. The results reveal that the nanostructures do not influence S. aureus coverage, while the adhesion of E. coli is reduced.
关键词： bacterial adhesion,biofilm formation,polyethylene,laser-induced nanostructures,laser-modified surface
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04