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Fluorometric determination and intracellular imaging of cysteine by using glutathione capped gold nanoclusters and cerium(III) induced aggregation
摘要： A turn-on fluorometric method is described for selective and sensitive detection of cysteine (Cys). Gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) capped with glutathione (GSH) are used as a fluorescent probe. If Ce3+ ion are present, they will bind to the carboxy groups of the GSH-capped Au NC. This results in aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE), best measured at excitation/emission wavelengths of 360/575 nm. On addition of Cys, which has less steric hindrance compared with GSH and higher affinity for Ce3+, it will bind to Ce3+ through the carboxyl group and link with Au NCs via Au-S bond. Hence, the AIEE is increased and Cys can be quantified via this effect with a linear response in the 0.4–120 μmol L?1 Cys concentration range and a detection limit of 0.15 μmol L?1.
关键词： Au NC,HepG2 cell imaging,Aggregation-induced emission enhancement
更新于2025-11-14 15:26:12
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Alkyl chains length dependent fluorescence emission and reversible mechanofluorochromism of AIEE-based quinoline derivatives
摘要： Five quinoline derivatives containing different alkyl chains (QLACn, n ? 2, 4, 6, 8, 12) were synthesized to investigate the effect of alkyl chains on their photophysical properties. The ?uorescent properties of the QLACn were affected by the alkyl chains, which indicated obvious blue-shifting trend and ?uorescence emission are alkyl chains length-dependent by grinding-induced spectral shifts (DlMFC). Longer alkyl-length revealed larger DlMFC. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements indicated that the transformation between microcrystalline and amorphous states upon external stimuli should be responsible for the observed reversible MFC behavior.
关键词： Alkyl chains length-dependent behavior,Quinoline derivatives,Aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) behavior,Mechano?uorochromism behavior
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Copper nanoclusters @ nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots-based ratiometric fluorescence probe for lead (II) ions detection in porphyra
摘要： A novel ratiometric fluorescence probe was proposed for detecting lead (II) ions (Pb2+) in porphyra, the approach was based on copper nanoclusters and nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (CuNCs-CNQDs). In this probe, the CuNCs delivered the response signal, the fluorescence of which was enhanced by Pb2+ due to the aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) between Pb2+ and CuNCs. The CNQDs provided the self-calibration signal, whose fluorescence remained almost unchanged in coexistence with Pb2+. According to the change of fluorescence intensity ratio between the fluorophores, CuNCs–CNQDs nanohybrid was used as ratiometric probes for the sensitive detection of Pb2+ in the range of 0.010 to 2.5 mg L-1, with a detection limit of 0.0031 mg L-1. Finally, the probe was successfully applied to detect Pb2+ in porphyra with relative standard deviations (RSDs) lower than 5%. This study provides a straightforward, stable, and sensitive approach for detecting Pb2+ in porphyra.
关键词： Lead (II) ions,Ratiometric fluorescence probe,Aggregation-induced emission enhancement,Copper nanoclusters,Nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Spatiotemporal dynamics of aggregation-induced emission enhancement controlled by optical manipulation
摘要： We present spatiotemporal control of aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) of a protonated tetraphenylethene derivative by optical manipulation. A single submicrometer-sized aggregate is initially confined by laser irradiation when its fluorescence is hardly detectable. The continuous irradiation of the formed aggregate leads to sudden and rapid growth, resulting in bright yellow fluorescence emission. The fluorescence intensity at the peak wavelength of 540 nm is tremendously enhanced with growth, meaning that AIEE is activated by optical manipulation. Amazingly, the switching on/off of the activation of AIEE is arbitrarily controlled by alternating the laser power. This result means that local concentration, which increases the optical manipulation tool overcomes the electrostatic repulsion between the protonated molecules, namely, optical manipulation changes the aggregate structure. The dynamics and mechanism in AIEE controlled by optical manipulation will be discussed from the viewpoint of molecular conformation and association depending on the laser power.
关键词： Aggregation-induced emission enhancement,Fluorescence microspectroscopy,tertiary ammonium-appended tetraphenylethene,Spatiotemporal control,Optical manipulation
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Multistimuli-responsive small-molecule compound with aggregation-induced emission enhancement characteristics: preparation, properties and applications
摘要： A novel multifunction luminescent small-molecule compound with hydrophilic chains was successfully designed and synthesized, which exhibited aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) characteristics. Even more interesting, it exhibited responsive behavior to temperature, pH and UV irradiation. In aqueous solution, its luminescence intensity showed temperature sensitivity. Initially, its luminescence intensity decreased slightly with an increase in temperature, which was enhanced greatly when the temperature increased to its lower critical solution temperature (LCST). With a further increase in temperature, there was a significant decline in its luminescence intensity. Additionally, it showed different pH and UV irradiation responsive behaviors in water and THF solution. In THF solution, its luminescence intensity was enhanced greatly with the addition of alkali, but it decreased with an increase in UV irradiation time. In aqueous solution, its luminescence intensity was enhanced slightly and its LCST decreased first and then increased with the addition of alkali. However, its luminescence intensity increased with an increase in UV irradiation time. The prepared small-molecule compound could also be used as a rewritable material with solid alkali or alkali solution used as ink and ordinary paper adsorbed with our prepared small-molecule compound used as rewritable paper.
关键词： small-molecule compound,rewritable material,temperature sensitivity,pH responsive,multistimuli-responsive,aggregation-induced emission enhancement,UV irradiation responsive
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Towards Blue AIE/AIEE: Synthesis and Applications in OLEDs of Tetra-/Triphenylethenyl Substituted 9,9-Dimethylacridine Derivatives
摘要： Aiming to design blue fluorescent emitters with high photoluminescence quantum yields in solid-state, nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic 9,9-dimethylacridine was refined by tetraphenylethene and triphenylethene. Six tetra-/triphenylethene-substituted 9,9-dimethylacridines were synthesized by the Buchwald-Hartwig method with relatively high yields. Showing effects of substitution patterns, all emitters demonstrated high fluorescence quantum yields of 26–53% in non-doped films and 52–88% in doped films due to the aggregation induced/enhanced emission (AIE/AIEE) phenomena. In solid-state, the emitters emitted blue (451–481 nm) without doping and deep-blue (438–445 nm) with doping while greenish-yellow emission was detected for two compounds with additionally attached cyano-groups. The ionization potentials of the derivatives were found to be in the relatively wide range of 5.43–5.81 eV since cyano-groups were used in their design. Possible applications of the emitters were demonstrated in non-doped and doped organic light-emitting diodes with up to 2.3 % external quantum efficiencies for simple fluorescent devices. In the best case, deep-blue electroluminescence with chromaticity coordinates of (0.16, 0.10) was close to blue color standard (0.14, 0.08) of the National Television System Committee.
关键词： aggregation induced emission enhancement,electroluminescence,tetra-/triphenylethene,acridan
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Facile structure-modification of xanthenone based OLED emitters exhibiting both aggregation induced emission enhancement and thermally activated delayed fluorescence
摘要： Four new donor-acceptor compounds were designed, synthesized and investigated by theoretical and experimental approaches aiming to estimate effect of the structure of a donor on the properties of potential OLED emitters. Because of the different electron-donating abilities of the nitrogen-containing heterocycles, derivatives of xanthenone containing di-tert-butyl-carbazolyl, di-tert-butyl-acridanyl, di-tert-butyl-phenothiazinyl and penoxazinyl moieties exhibited different photophysical behavior. Because of big dihedral angles between the donors and acceptor as well as because of possibility of rotation around N-C bond, the designed compounds were characterized by thermally activated delayed fluorescence and aggregation induced emission enhancement effect. Twice higher photoluminesce quantum yields reaching 38% in doped films were obtained for compounds containing di-tert-butyl-carbazolyl and di-tert-butyl-acridanyl moieties as compared to those observed for compounds with the donors containing S and O heteroatoms. Strong effect of the donor substituents on charge injection (ionization potentials were in the range of 5.67-5.96 eV) and charge-transporting properties (hole and electron mobilities were in a wide range from 6.3×10-8 to 6.3×10-4 cm2V-1s-1 at electric field of 2.5×105 V·cm-1) was detected. The differently substituted compounds were utilized as emitters in OLEDs. Higher maximum values of external quantum efficiency (up to 3.5%) were observed for OLEDs based on emitters with nitrogen containing donors relative to estimated for OLEDs based on emitters containing di-tert-butyl-phenothiazinyl and penoxazinyl moieties.
关键词： aggregation induced emission enhancement,xanthenone,Organic light-emitting diode,thermally activated delayed fluorescence
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Through-space charge transfer in luminophore based on phenyl-linked carbazole- and phthalimide moieties utilized in cyan-emitting OLEDs
摘要： Two new carbazole-containing aromatic imides were synthesized by three-step synthetic pathway with the moderate yields up to 76%. The compounds were investigated theoretically. TD-DFT computational studies revealed low singlet-triplet energy di?erences. The compounds were found to have relatively high thermal stability with 5% mass loss temperatures in the range of 280–310 °C. Phthalimide-based compound exhibited aggregation-induced emission enhancement and thermally activated delayed ?uorescence with photo-luminescence quantum e?ciency of 20% in the solid state. Structure-properties relationship of this compound was investigated and it was found that charge-transfer through space mechanism is responsible for the emission. Series of green-emitting doped and non-doped electroluminescent devices were fabricated based on the carbazole-phthalimide derivative were fabricated to reveal best-performing mCP-doped device demonstrating maximum external quantum e?ciency of 2.4% with current e?ciency of 6.6 cd/A and power e?ciency of 4.0 lm/W with maximum brightness of 8300 cd/m2.
关键词： Cyan-emitting OLED,Aromatic imide,Through-space charge transfer,Aggregation-induced emission enhancement,Thermally activated delayed ?uorescence
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Bis[1]benzothieno[1,4]thiazines - Planarity, Enhanced Redox Activity and Luminescence by Thieno-Expansion of Phenothiazine
摘要： Twofold Buchwald-Hartwig aminations selectively furnish all three regioisomers of bis[1]benzothieno[1,4]thiazines and X-ray structure analyses and DFT calculations were corroborated for correlation of their electronic properties. All regioisomers outscore the parent compound phenothiazine with respect to a low lying oxidation potential and reversible redox activity. The anti-anti bis[1]benzothieno[3,2-b:2',3'-e][1,4]thiazines possess lowest oxidation potentials in this series and display pronounced green luminescence in solution (?F ≈ 20%) and in the solid state. Syn-anti regioisomers are only weakly luminescent in solution, but show aggregation induced emission enhancement and solid state luminescence. Most interestingly, found by X-ray structure analyses anti-anti derivatives reveal an amazingly coplanar structure of the pentacyclic anellated 1,4-thiazine system, emphasizing a structural similarity to heteroacenes. The calculated theoretical nucleus-independent chemical shifts additionally suggest that the 8?-electron core systems can be considered as first electronically unbiased anellated 1,4-thiazines with antiaromatic character.
关键词： Heterocycles,1,4-Thiazines,Fluorescence,Buchwald-Hartwig coupling,Cyclic voltammetry,Absorption,Antiaromaticity,Aggregation induced emission enhancement,Polymorphism,DFT calculations
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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A solid-state emissive and solvatofluorochromic fluorophore and its application in high-contrast, fast, and repeatable thermochromic blends
摘要： Organic thermochromic luminescent materials are very promising in applications of thermo-history recording, sensing and anti-counterfeiting. However, the current reported organic thermochromic systems still have the drawbacks of slow responsive speed, low colour contrast and unsatisfactory repeatability. In this paper, we reported a twisted fluorophore based on 1,4-bis[2,2-bisphenyl-vinyl]benzene skeleton with A-D-A structure (OD-CN), which shows strong solvatochromism in solution with emission shifts up to 135 nm, highly efficient red emission in solid state (660 nm, 11.62%) and unprecedented thermochromic behaviour in linear low density polyethylene matrix with high emission contrast (red to greenish yellow), fast responsiveness (within 1 s) and good repeatability (over 10 times). OD-CN doped LLDPE films show potential applications in anti-counterfeiting and as an example, it was applied as multi-channel anti-counterfeiting printings on paper money. What's more, the strategy of blending fluorophores with solvent effects and solid-state emission into apolar polymer matrixes to realize thermochromisms is general.
关键词： Thermochromism,Intramolecular charge transfer (ICT),Aggregation induced emission enhancement (AIEE),1,4-bis[2,2-bisphenyl-vinyl]benzenes
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14