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Vacuuma??Free, Alla??Solution, and Alla??Air Processed Organic Photovoltaics with over 11% Efficiency and Promoted Stability Using Layera??bya??Layer Codoped Polymeric Electrodes
摘要： Nonfullerene organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have achieved breakthrough with pushing the efficiency exceeding 15%. While this shed light on OPV commercialization, high cost associated to the scalable device fabrications remains a giant challenge. Herein, we report a vacuum-free, all-solution and all-air processed OPV that yields 11.12% efficiency with fill factor of 0.725, thanks to the usages of high-merit polymeric electrodes and modified active blends. The design principle toward the high-merit electrodes is to induce a heavy acid doping into the matrices for a raised carrier concentration and mobility, make a large removal of insulating components in the whole matrices rather than surfaces, and restrain the formation of large-domain aggregates. A unique layer-by-layer doping was developed to enable the polymeric electrodes with record-high trade-offs between optical transmittance and electrical conductivity. Moreover, solvent vapor annealing was proposed to boost device efficiency and it has the advantages of finely adjusting the active blend morphology and raising the electron mobility. The resulting devices were highly efficient and they maintained most (~91%) of the initial efficiency in 30 day storage. This work gives the bright future for making cost-effective all-solution processed OPVs in air.
关键词： all-solution and all-air processing,PEDOT:PSS,vacuum-free,organic solar cell
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Conjugation‐Curtailing of Benzodithionopyran‐Cored Molecular Acceptor Enables Efficient Air‐Processed Small Molecule Solar Cells
摘要： Small molecule solar cells (SMSCs) lag a long way behind polymer solar cells. A key limit is the less controllable morphology of small molecule materials, which can be aggravated when incorporating anisotropic nonfullerene acceptors. To fine-tune the blending morphology within SMSCs, a π-conjunction curtailing design is applied, which produces a efficient benzodithionopyran-cored molecular acceptor for nonfullerene SMSCs (NF-SMSCs). When blended with a molecular donor BDT3TR-SF to fabricate NF-SMSCs, the π-conjunction curtailed molecular acceptor NBDTP-M obtains an optimal power conversion efficiency (PCE) of up to 10.23%, which is much higher than that of NBDTTP-M of longer π-conjunction. It retains 93% of the PCE of devices fabricated in a glove box when all spin-coating and post-treating procedures are conducted in ambient air with relative humidity of 25%, which suggests the good air-processing capability of π-conjunction curtailed molecules. Detailed X-ray scattering investigations indicate that the BDT3TR-SF:NBDTP-M blend exhibits a blend morphology featuring fine interpenetrating networks with smaller domains and higher phase purity, which results in more efficient charge generation, more balanced charge transport, and less recombination compared to the low-performance BDT3TR-SF:NBDTTP-M blend. This work provides a guideline for molecular acceptors’ design toward efficient, low-cost, air-processed NF-SMSCs.
关键词： electron acceptors,all-small-molecule solar cells,air-processing,power conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04