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All-inorganic 0D/3D Cs4Pb(IBr)6/CsPbI3-xBrx Mixed-dimensional Perovskite Solar Cells with Enhanced Efficiency and Stability
摘要： The inorganic halide perovskite CsPbI3 has shown great promise in efficient solar cells. However, the α-phase CsPbI3 is thermodynamically unstable at room temperature, limiting its applications. Herein, we have successfully fabricated highly stable all-inorganic 0D/3D Cs4Pb(IBr)6/CsPbI3-xBrx mixed-dimensional perovskite solar cells. The 0D Cs4Pb(IBr)6 phase spontaneously distributes in the 3D CsPbI3-xBrx perovskite phase and facilitates the (100) preferential crystal orientation of the CsPbI3-xBrx crystals. Due to the reasonable energy level alignment and lattice match between (040) in 0D Cs4Pb(IBr)6 and (002) in 3D CsPbI3-xBrx crystals, a 0D-3D heterojunction structure formed. The defect passivation and non-radiative recombination suppression within the films effectively promote smooth carrier transport in the perovskite solar cells, boosting the efficiency to 14.77%. The devices retained 93.9% of the initial efficiency after 60 days in a nitrogen atmosphere. Moreover, a high efficiency of 10.52% has also been achieved in the 1 cm2-large solar cells due to the high uniformity and repeatability of the 0D/3D films.
关键词： Cs4Pb(IBr)6,heterojunction,CsPbI3-xBrx,all-inorganic perovskite solar cells,stability
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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2Da??3D Cs <sub/>2</sub> PbI <sub/>2</sub> Cl <sub/>2</sub> a??CsPbI <sub/>2.5</sub> Br <sub/>0.5</sub> Mixed-Dimensional Films for All-Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells with Enhanced Efficiency and Stability
摘要： The phase instability of cesium lead halide perovskite is still a substantial challenge hindering its application. A 2D-3D all-inorganic Cs2PbI2Cl2-CsPbI2.5Br0.5 perovskite solar cell was successfully developed to address this issue. The 2D Cs2PbI2Cl2 phase distributed among the grain boundaries of the 3D CsPbI3-xBrx grains. The existence of Cs2PbI2Cl2 effectively facilitated the (100) preferential crystal orientation of the CsPbI2.5Br0.5 crystals, promoting the carrier transport. The smooth transition region between the (003)2D//(001)3D interface indicated the formation of a 2D-3D heterostructure. Due to the improved crystal quality, high uniformity and repeatability, the efficiency of the solar cells with areas of 0.09 cm2, 1 cm2 and 2 cm2 significantly improved to 15.09%, 12.74%, and 10.01%, respectively. The PCE retained 95.3% of the initial efficiency after 60 days in a nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature and 80% of the initial efficiency at humidity of 70±10% RH under continuous heating at 80°C for 12 h.
关键词： heterojunction,CsPbI3-xBrx,Cs2PbI2Cl2,all-inorganic perovskite solar cells,stability
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Efficient All-Inorganic CsPbBr <sub/>3</sub> Perovskite Solar Cells by Using CdS/CdSe/CdS Quantum Dots as Intermediate Layers
摘要： Highly e?cient all-inorganic perovskite solar cells require a fast charge transfer from CsPbBr3 to TiO2 to reduce the recombination from trap states. Herein, we insert a CdS/CdSe/CdS quantum dot (QD) layer between the TiO2 and CsPbBr3 layers to fabricate all-inorganic perovskite solar cells. By tuning the thicknesses of the CdSe layer of CdS/CdSe/CdS QDs, the conduction band (CB) levels can be adjusted to -3.72~-3.87 eV. After inserting the QD intermediate layer, the energy o?set between the CB of TiO2 and CsPbBr3 is reduced, thus leading to a charge transfer rate boost from 0:040 × 109 to 0:059 × 109 s?1. The power conversion e?ciency (PCE) of the solar cell with QD intermediate layer achieves 8.64%, which is 20% higher than its counterpart without QDs.
关键词： CdS/CdSe/CdS quantum dots,power conversion efficiency,charge transfer,all-inorganic perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Interfacial Voids Trigger Carbon-Based, All-Inorganic CsPbIBr2 Perovskite Solar Cells with Photovoltage Exceeding 1.33??V
摘要： A novel interface design is proposed for carbon-based, all-inorganic CsPbIBr2 perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by introducing interfacial voids between TiO2 electron transport layer and CsPbIBr2 absorber. Compared with the general interfacial engineering strategies, this design exempts any extra modification layer in final PSC. More importantly, the interfacial voids produced by thermal decomposition of 2-phenylethylammonium iodide trigger three beneficial effects. First, they promote the light scattering in CsPbIBr2 film and thereby boost absorption ability of the resulting CsPbIBr2 PSCs. Second, they suppress recombination of charge carriers and thus reduce dark saturation current density (J0) of the PSCs. Third, interfacial voids enlarge built-in potential (Vbi) of the PSCs, awarding increased driving force for dissociating photo-generated charge carriers. Consequently, the PSC yields the optimized efficiency of 10.20% coupled with an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.338 V. The Voc achieved herein represents the best value among CsPbIBr2 PSCs reported earlier. Meanwhile, the non-encapsulated PSCs exhibit an excellent stability against light, thermal, and humidity stresses, since it remains ~ 97% or ~ 94% of its initial efficiency after being heated at 85 °C for 12 h or stored in ambient atmosphere with relative humidity of 30–40% for 60 days, respectively.
关键词： Photovoltage,Stability,Interfacial engineering,CsPbIBr2,All-inorganic perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Aa??Site Rubidium Cationa??Incorporated CsPbI <sub/>2</sub> Br Alla??Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells Exceeding 17% Efficiency
摘要： Due to its excellent thermal stability and high performance, the inorganic cesium lead mixed-halide (ABX3, where A=Cs, B=Pb and X= I/Br)all inorganic perovskite solar cells (IPVSCs) attracted much interest in the optoelectronic applications. However, the film quality, enough absorption by desired film thickness and nature of partial replacement of cations determine the stability of the CsPbI2Br perovskite films. Here, we employed a hot air method to control the thickness and morphology of the CsPbI2Br perovskite thin film and the A-site (herein, Cs+) cation is partially incorporated by rubidium (Rb+) cation for making stable black-phase in ambient condition. The Rb-cation incorporated Cs1-xRbxPbI2Br (x=0 to 0.03) perovskite thin films exhibited high crystallinity, uniform grains, extremely dense and pinhole free morphology. The fabricated device having Cs0.99Rb0.01PbI2Br perovskite composition with poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) as a hole transporting layer (HTL) exhibited 17.16 % power conversion efficiency (PCE), which is much higher than the CsPbI2Br based IPVSCs. The fabricated Cs0.99Rb0.01PbI2Br based IPVSC devices retain > 90 % of the initial efficiency over 120 hours at 65 °C thermal stress, which is much higher than CsPbI2Br sample.
关键词： all inorganic perovskite solar cells,hot air,A-site rubidium cation incorporation
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Vacuum-Controlled Growth of CsPbI <sub/>2</sub> Br for Highly Efficient and Stable All-Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： A high temperature annealing process (> 250°C) is always needed to obtain high-quality CsPbI2Br perovskite films, which makes it a challenge in the manufacture and application of flexible photovoltaic devices. In this work, a vacuum-controlled growth (VCG) that can effectively control the crystallization of perovskite and obtain high-quality films with larger grain size and low defect density at lower temperature is demonstrated. Besides a facile introduction of polyethyleneimine (PEIE) interlayer improves the charge extraction and suppresses carrier recombination. Therefore, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of all-inorganic CsPbI2Br perovskite solar cell (PSC) reaches 12.32%. The unencapsulated PSCs with VCG treatment and PEIE modification show outstanding stabilities with retaining over 95% of initial PCE after being stored in N2 glove-box for over 1000h. This low temperature crystallization method and cheap transport material introduction drive the development for future commercialization of all inorganic perovskite solar cells.
关键词： vacuum controlled growth,interface modification,All inorganic perovskite solar cells,crystallization control,low temperature,film fabrication
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Interfacial Energy Level Tuning for Efficient and Thermostable CsPbI <sub/>2</sub> Br Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Inorganic mixed-halide CsPbX3-based perovskite solar cells (PeSCs) are emerging as one of the most promising types of PeSCs on account of their thermostability compared to organic–inorganic hybrid counterparts. However, dissatisfactory device performance and high processing temperature impede their development for viable applications. Herein, a facile route is presented for tuning the energy levels and electrical properties of sol–gel-derived ZnO electron transport material (ETM) via the doping of a classical alkali metal carbonate Cs2CO3. Compared to bare ZnO, Cs2CO3-doped ZnO possesses more favorable interface energetics in contact with the CsPbI2Br perovskite layer, which can reduce the ohmic loss to a negligible level. The optimized PeSCs achieve an improved open-circuit voltage of 1.28 V, together with an increase in fill factor and short-circuit current. The optimized power conversion efficiencies of 16.42% and 14.82% are realized on rigid glass substrate and flexible plastic substrate, respectively. A high thermostability can be simultaneously obtained via defect passivation at the Cs2CO3-doped ZnO/CsPbI2Br interface, and 81% of the initial efficiency is retained after aging for 200 h at 85 °C.
关键词： energy level alignment,flexible perovskite solar cells,thermal stability,all-inorganic perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Organic functional materials: recent advances in all-inorganic perovskite solar cells
摘要： Although the power conversion e?ciency (PCE) of organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is comparable to those of commercial solar cells, a challenging problem of instability hampers their further commercialization. In recent years, in comparison with organic–inorganic hybrid PSCs, cesium-based all-inorganic perovskites show better light, moisture and especially thermal stability, and therefore they have exhibited great potential and received widespread attention. However, an unavoidable issue is that the PCE of all-inorganic PSCs still lags behind that of hybrid perovskite devices. To solve this problem, some organic or inorganic interlayer materials are introduced into all-inorganic PSCs as additive, passivation agent and charge transport materials to improve device performance. Compared to inorganic materials, organic materials present some advantages, such as energy level controllability, molecular structure diversity, and surface wettability modi?cations. Thus, the PCE of all-inorganic PSCs has been signi?cantly improved through the use of organic materials. In this review, we summarized the recent strategies for improving the performance of all-inorganic PSCs through organic interlayer materials, including crystallization control, defect passivation, interface engineering, and expanding the light harvesting capability. Finally, a perspective on challenges and opportunities is proposed in the ?eld.
关键词： organic interlayer materials,crystallization control,defect passivation,all-inorganic perovskite solar cells,light harvesting,interface engineering
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Tri-functionalized TiO Cl4-2 accessory layer to boost efficiency of hole-free, all-inorganic perovskite solar cells
摘要： Tin dioxide (SnO2) is generally regarded as a promising electron-transporting layer (ETL) for state-of-the-art perovskite solar cells (PSCs), however, the ubiquitous oxygen-vacancy-related defects at SnO2 surface and the large energy difference between conduction band of SnO2 and perovskite layer undoubtedly cause severe charge carrier recombination, resulting in sluggish charge extraction efficiency and non-negligible open-circuit voltage (Voc) loss. Herein, a chlorine-containing TiOxCl4-2x accessory layer is fabricated by immersing SnO2 layer into the TiCl4 aqueous solution to passivate the surface oxygen-vacancy-related defects of SnO2 layer and to set an intermediate energy level at ETL/perovskite interface in all-inorganic cesium lead tri-bromine (CsPbBr3) PSCs. Furthermore, the TiOxCl4-2x layer also improves the infiltration of SnO2 layer surface toward perovskite precursor for high-quality perovskite film. Finally, the hole-free, all-inorganic CsPbBr3 PSC with a structure of FTO/SnO2/TiOxCl4-2x/Cs0.91Rb0.09PbBr3/carbon achieves a champion efficiency of 10.44% with a Voc as high as 1.629 V in comparison to 8.31% for control device. Moreover, the optimized solar cell presents good stability in 80% humidity in air.
关键词： Electron-transporting layer,Stability,All-inorganic perovskite solar cells,Charge recombination,Cesium lead bromine
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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All-inorganic, hole-transporting-layer-free, carbon-based CsPbIBr2 planar solar cells with ZnO as electron-transporting materials
摘要： In this paper, all-inorganic, hole-transporting-layer-free (HTLF), carbon-based CsPbIBr2 planar solar cells with zinc oxide (ZnO) as electron-transporting materials (ETMs) were studied for the first time. The reported all-inorganic, HTLF, carbon-based cesium lead iodide dibromide (CsPbIBr2) solar cells used titanium dioxide (TiO2) as ETMs, which usually required a high sintering temperature of 500 °C. Here, ZnO ETMs were annealed at 120 °C. The highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.60%, with a short-circuit current (Jsc) of 11.60 mA/cm2, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.03 V and the fill factor (FF) of 0.63, was obtained. Furthermore, the thermal and humid stabilities of the solar cells were studied. The perovskite solar cells were placed at 10% humidity and room temperature for 624 h and the PCE of perovskite solar cells only decreased by 10%. While the perovskite solar cells were placed at 80 °C and 0% humidity for 192 h, the PCE of the solar cells decreased by 4%.
关键词： Carbon electrode,Zinc oxide,All-inorganic perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59