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Wideband Omnidirectional Slotted-Waveguide Antenna Array Based on Trapezoidal Slots
摘要： This manuscript presents a novel approach for designing wideband omnidirectional slotted-waveguide antenna arrays, which is based on trapezoidal-shaped slots with two different electrical lengths, as well as a twisted distribution of slot groups along the array longitudinal axis. The trapezoidal section is formed by gradually increasing the slot length between the waveguide interior and exterior surfaces. In this way, a smoother impedance transition between waveguide and air is provided in order to enhance the array operating bandwidth. In addition, we propose a twisting technique, responsible to improve the omnidirectional pattern, by means of reducing the gain ripple in the azimuth plane. Experimental results demonstrate 1.09 GHz bandwidth centered at 24 GHz (4.54% fractional bandwidth), gain up to 14.71 dBi over the operating bandwidth, and only 2.7 dB gain variation in the azimuth plane. The proposed antenna array and its enabling techniques present themselves as promising solutions for mm-wave application, including 5G enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) communications.
关键词： 5G,trapezoidal slots,wideband,omnidirectional,mm-wave,slotted-waveguide antenna array
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Air-Filled Substrate Integrated Waveguide Fed Magneto-Electric Dipole Antenna Array for Millimeter-Wave Applications
摘要： A substrate integrated magneto-electric (ME) dipole antenna array with an improved radiation efficiency is presented in the 28-GHz band. A novel full-corporate air-filled substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) feed network with low losses is designed and realized by utilizing the low-cost printed circuit board (PCB) facilities. Different from most previous millimeter-wave planar arrays consisting of 2 × 2 sub-arrays, an SIW fed sub-array with a larger size of 2 × 4 is investigated to simplify the configuration of the major portion of the array feed network, which is of importance to the successful realization of the air-filled SIW feed network. An 8 × 8 array prototype with a four-layered geometry is fabricated and measured to verify the design. The array has an impedance bandwidth of 25.9%, a gain up to 26 dBi and stable radiation patterns over the operating band. Benefitted from the absence of the significant dielectric loss in the feed network, a high antenna efficiency of 80% is also achieved. The proposed design provides an effective method to improve the achievable gain and efficiency characteristics of the substrate-integrated arrays with a large size that are attractive for millimeter-wave wireless applications.
关键词： feed network,Antenna array,aperture-coupled magneto-electric (ME) dipole antenna,dielectric loss,millimeter-wave,air-filled substrate integrated waveguide (SIW)
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Cross-Configuration Substrate Integrated Waveguide Beamforming Network for 1D and 2D Beam Patterns
摘要： This paper presents the simulated and measured results of a dual-layer substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) beamforming network utilizing an 8 × 8 cross-con?guration Butler matrix over a frequency range of 28.5 to 31.5 GHz. By arranging the input ports on the bottom SIW layer and employing dual-layer passband ?lters as a detachment point, the top SIW layer can be interchanged with the purpose of exploring one-dimensional and two-dimensional broadside beam patterns. Although Butler matrices are not typically utilized for beamforming in this con?guration, two examples of interchangeable top layer arrays are demonstrated; the ?rst being a 2 × 8 slot antenna array for 1-D scanning, and the second being a 2 × 4 center-slot array for 2-D scanning. Each of the beamforming network’s simulated and measured 10 dB bandwidth is demonstrated over a range of 28.5 to 31.5 GHz. Additional design details and dimensions are speci?ed for the aforementioned passband ?lter transitions, as well as for each of the slot antenna arrays.
关键词： millimeter-wave,dual-layer SIW ?lters,slot antenna array,Butler matrix,substrate integrated waveguide (SIW)
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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W-Band Gap Waveguide Antenna Array: Passive/Active Component Gap Waveguide Transition Interface for System Integration.
摘要： Four W-band antenna arrays and two microstrip transitions based on gap waveguide (GWG) technology are summarized in this article. The arrays are implemented on the substrate to achieve a lightweight design for applications including small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The microstrip transitions are introduced for system integration between the antenna and the passive/active components. The theory, background, and evolution of the GWG, which was proposed by P.S. Kildal, are also described simply. Finally, the future development of the GWG based on microelectromechanical system (MEMS) technology is discussed. The article aims to provide a solution for antenna and front-end designers, especially in the W-band.
关键词： gap waveguide,microstrip transition,W-band,antenna array,MEMS
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2019 International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics (MWP) - Ottawa, ON, Canada (2019.10.7-2019.10.10)] 2019 International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics (MWP) - An Antenna-integrated UTC-PD based Photonic Emitter Array
摘要： In this paper we present a photonics-based wideband emitter module, using two uni-travelling carrier photodiodes coupled to a pair of high gain planar antennas, reporting a two-element array operating in the 50 to 120 GHz frequency range. This antenna array provides a maximum gain of 15.9 dBi with side-lobes less than -15 dB. The measurements show a record 3-dB bandwidth of 45 GHz, covering three waveguide bands (V, E and F). Moreover, a combined peak radiated power of -6.4 dBm (214 (cid:2)W) at 75 GHz is also achieved. The scalable design presented allows for realization of photonic phased antenna array.
关键词： UTC-PD,radio frequency photonics,optoelectronics,antenna array
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Low-Complexity Failed Element Diagnosis for Radar-Communication mmWave Antenna Array with Low SNR
摘要： The millimeter-wave (mmWave) antenna array plays an important role in the excellent performance of wireless sensors networks (WSN) or unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) clusters. However, the array elements are easily damaged in its harsh working environment but hard to be repaired or exchanged timely, resulting in a serious decline in the beamforming performance. Thus, accurate self-diagnosis of the failed elements is of great importance. In previous studies, there are still significant difficulties for large-scale arrays under extremely low SNR. In this paper, a diagnosis algorithm with low complexity and high reliability for the failed elements is proposed, which is based on a joint decision of communication signal and sensing echoes. Compared with the previous studies, the complexity of the algorithm is reduced by the construction of low-dimensional feature vectors for classification, the decoupling of the degree of arrival (DOA) estimation and the failed pattern diagnosis, with the help of the sub-array division. Simulation results show that, under an ultra-low SNR of ?12.5 dB for communication signals and ?16 dB for sensing echoes, an accurate self-diagnosis with a block error rate lower than 8% can be realized. The study in this paper will effectively promote the long-term and reliable operation of the mmWave antenna array in WSN, UAV clusters and other similar fields.
关键词： low SNR,low complexity,joint radar-communication system,mmWave antenna array,failed elements diagnosis
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Handbook of Graphene || Modelling of Graphene Nanoribbons Antenna Based on MoM‐GEC Method to Enhance Nanocommunications in Terahertz Range
摘要： In this chapter, we present an electromagnetic modelling formulation of graphene nanoribbon antenna based on moments method combined to the generalized equivalent circuit method (MoM-GEC). The electrical properties of graphene are introduced in the mathematical formulation via a quantum mechanical conductivity deduced from the Kubo formalism. The antenna structure is shielded in a rectangular waveguide with electric boundary walls. Next, the global antenna structure is modelled by an electric equivalent circuit to investigate the antenna parameters. It is proved that, graphene nanoribbon-based antenna presents similar performances as well as conventional one, hence allowing to work at terahertz frequencies range. The high input impedance of a single graphene nanoribbon antenna causes an impedance mismatch problem, which requires the use of an antenna array. So, the coupling phenomena have been well studied in order to optimize the antenna response. Obtained numerical results show that the antenna resonant frequency is very sensitive to the variation of the graphene chemical potential. This leads to a reconfigurable antenna by a simple control of bias voltage. On the other hand, it is showed that, at terahertz frequencies, graphene nanoribbon antenna array allows to enhance the far field communication for short distances, which is beneficial for nanocommunications.
关键词： antenna array,nanocommunications,dynamic conductivity,terahertz range,nanoantenna,MoM-GEC method,Graphene nanoribbon
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Uplink Channel Estimation and Data Transmission in Millimeter-Wave CRAN with Lens Antenna Arrays
摘要： Millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication and network densification hold great promise for achieving high-rate communication in next-generation wireless networks. Cloud radio access network (CRAN), in which low-complexity remote radio heads (RRHs) coordinated by a central unit (CU) are deployed to serve users in a distributed manner, is a cost-effective solution to achieve network densification. However, when operating over a large bandwidth in the mmWave frequencies, the digital fronthaul links in a CRAN would be easily saturated by the large amount of sampled and quantized signals to be transferred between RRHs and the CU. To tackle this challenge, we propose in this paper a new architecture for mmWave-based CRAN with advanced lens antenna arrays at the RRHs. Due to the energy focusing property, lens antenna arrays are effective in exploiting the angular sparsity of mmWave channels, and thus help in substantially reducing the fronthaul rate and simplifying the signal processing at the multi-antenna RRHs and the CU, even when the channels are frequency-selective. We consider the uplink transmission in a mmWave CRAN with lens antenna arrays and propose a low-complexity quantization bit allocation scheme for multiple antennas at each RRH to meet the given fronthaul rate constraint. Further, we propose a channel estimation technique that exploits the energy focusing property of the lens array and can be implemented at the CU with low complexity. Finally, we compare the proposed mmWave CRAN using lens antenna arrays with a conventional CRAN using uniform planar arrays at the RRHs, and show that the proposed design achieves significant throughput gains, yet with much lower complexity.
关键词： lens antenna array,antenna selection,fronthaul constraint,millimeter-wave communication,quantization bit allocation,Cloud radio access network,channel estimation
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE 2018 Cross Strait Quad-Regional Radio Science and Wireless Technology Conference (CSQRWC) - Xuzhou (2018.7.21-2018.7.24)] 2018 Cross Strait Quad-Regional Radio Science and Wireless Technology Conference (CSQRWC) - Specific Excitation Conditions Achieved by Near Field Source in EM Analysis
摘要： A simple preprocessing of providing specific incident conditions for the structures that work with antenna array is proposed in this paper. In lots of electromagnetic (EM) systems, such as antenna-radome system, antenna array always works with other structures. To figure out the EM performance of these kinds of structures, specific excitation condition is needed. Based on Huygens-Fresnel and superposition principles, instead of real-world antenna array modeling, near field source is used as the excitation source. Using this method, prescribed incident conditions can be achieved easily. Numerical results show that the strategy of the proposed preprocessing has a capability of good feasibility and the EM analysis efficiency can be improved.
关键词： large-scale antenna array,near field source,specific excitation condition,radome
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE 2018 15th European Radar Conference (EuRAD) - Madrid, Spain (2018.9.26-2018.9.28)] 2018 15th European Radar Conference (EuRAD) - Differential Multi-Layer Compact Grid Antenna Array for 79 GHz Automotive Radar Applications
摘要： A novel wide band compact grid antenna array is developed for 79 GHz MIMO radar applications. The key issue is the stable radiation pattern with flat gain characteristic along the whole frequency bandwidth, which is very advantageous for the targeted radar applications. The antenna is taped out with the new high resolution multi-layer PCB technology, called “Any-Layer PCB”. This technology provides the possibility to stack micro-vias in PCB boards and reduce the fabrication cost compared to other multi-layer technologies in mm-wave bands. With this feature, the width of the array has been compacted with 17.2%, which leads to a higher side lobe suppression and an enhancement of the field of view in radar applications. A combined impedance and 3-dB gain band width of 9.6% is achieved. The gain and SLL are 13.52 dB and -14 dB at 79 GHz, respectively.
关键词： radar applications,multi-layer PCB technology,79 GHz radar,grid antenna array,millimeter wave
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36