- 标题
- 摘要
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- 实验方案
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60-GHz 2-D Scanning Multibeam Cavity Backed Patch Array fed by Compact SIW Beam-Forming Network for 5G Applications
摘要： This paper presents a 2x2 multibeam array employing a novel wideband linearly polarized cavity-backed patch antenna for fifth generation (5G) wireless communication technology. The antenna array comprises four layers stacked on top of one another. The proposed antenna element is composed of three substrate layers and excited using a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) aperture-coupled feed. The antenna element exhibits -10-dB impedance bandwidth of 36.2% from 53 to 76.4 GHz with very flat gain and excellent radiation characteristics. A prototype is fabricated and tested. The compact 2-D scanning multibeam 2x2 antenna array is demonstrated at 60-GHz, where the proposed antenna element is utilized as a radiating element. By employing a novel compact beam forming network (BFN) in the design, the proposed array achieves a size reduction of better than 28% compared to an array fed with conventional BFN, without degradation in the array performance. A wide bandwidth larger than 27 % for |S11|<-10 dB and a peak gain of 12.4 dBi is achieved. The array shows a good symmetrical radiation pattern in the two perpendicular planes. Verified by prototype measurements, the proposed antenna element and multibeam array with features of a compact structure, low cost, wide bandwidth and superior radiation performance, would be practically attractive for 5G applications.
关键词： fifth generation (5G),linear polarization,60 GHz,SIW,beam-forming network,multibeam antenna
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Self Optimization Beam-Forming Null Control Based SINR Improvement
摘要： In this paper, a self optimization beamforming null control (SOBNC) scheme is proposed. There is a need of maintaining signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) threshold to control modulation and coding schemes (MCS) in recent technologies like Wi-Fi, Long Term Evolution (LTE) and Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A). Selection of MCS depends on the SINR threshold that allows maintaining key performance index (KPI) like block error rate (BLER), bit error rate (BER) and throughput at certain level. The SOBNC is used to control the antenna pattern for SINR estimation and improve the SINR performance of the wireless communication systems. The nulling comes with a price; if wider nulls are introduced, i.e. more number of nulls are used, the 3 dB beam-width and peak side lobe level (SLL) in antenna pattern changes critically. This paper proposes a method which automatically controls the number of nulls in the antenna pattern as per the changing environment based on adaptive-network based fuzzy interference system (ANFIS) to maintain output SINR level higher or equal to the required threshold. Finally, simulation results show a performance superiority of the proposed SOBNC compared with minimum mean square error (MMSE) based adaptive nulling control algorithm and conventional fixed null scheme.
关键词： self optimization beamforming null control,adaptive neural fuzzy inference system (ANFIS),SINR improvement,digital beam-forming (DBF)
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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mmWave CMOS Power Amplifiers for 5G Cellular Communication
摘要： This article covers the basics of millimeter-wave PA design in CMOS technology for integrated phased arrays, targeting the upcoming 5G new radio (NR) cellular communication standard. Key PA figures of merit, as well as application of beam-forming phased arrays to combine power over-the-air, are briefly reviewed. Then, starting from practical handset form factor constraints and system-level drivers, CMOS-specific technological and design-related challenges are conceptually illustrated using a simple single-transistor PA. A survey of the state-of-the-art is presented to give examples of the challenges and illustrate the PA techniques used to tackle them in linear 28-GHz CMOS PAs for 5G NR.
关键词： beam-forming,efficiency,linearity,millimeter-wave,power amplifier,phased array,CMOS,5G
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 China International SAR Symposium (CISS) - Shanghai (2018.10.10-2018.10.12)] 2018 China International SAR Symposium (CISS) - An Automatically Steering Optical Beam-Forming Network for Phased Array Antenna Based on Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing
摘要： It is proposed an automatically steering optical beam-forming network (OBFN), which is consisted of an optical fiber loop structure. The loop structure is composed by an optical switch, an optical fiber splitter, and an optical true time delay lines based on dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM). The channel number of the DWDM is matched with the number of the phased array antennas (PAA). The true time delay difference between two adjacent channels is set as a basic step. And the optical wave modulated by radio frequency (RF) signal can run into the loop and suffer increased delay with increased circles. Thus the PAA is steered automatically without additional controlling and programming. The performance of this design is analyzed with its maximal circle numbers and the splitting ratio of the optical splitter in theory. The concept-proof experiments with 8 optical channels for DWDM are carried out and the simulation of the PAA radiation pattern is given.
关键词： optical switch,optical beam-forming network,optical fiber loop,optical controlled phased array radar,wavelength division multiplexing
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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COMPACT ROTMAN LENS STRUCTURE CONFIGURATIONS TO SUPPORT MILLIMETER WAVE DEVICES
摘要： The development of modern communication devices for the latest technologies such as 5G has brought the millimeter wave technology into the spotlight because it offers higher data rates and bandwidth. Since highly directional transmissions are necessary for communication in these frequencies due to high path loss and atmospheric absorption, the use of adaptive antennas is inevitable. Rotman lenses have long been used as analog beam forming networks to support linear array antennas for electronic scanning. Their broad bandwidth and planar structure make them ideal for a variety of applications. However, their overall dimensions can be prohibitive especially for large scan angles. In this paper, we propose a few compact configurations that reduce the overall dimensions of Rotman lens as much as 50% without degrading its performance.
关键词： compact configurations,Rotman lens,millimeter wave,beam forming networks,electronic scanning
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC) - Singapore, Singapore (2019.12.10-2019.12.13)] 2019 IEEE Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC) - Conformal Leaky-Wave Antenna Based on Partially Filled Rectangular Waveguide
摘要： The present paper is devoted to the development of a conformal leaky-wave antenna based on a curved rectangular waveguide. The process of obtaining the required beam position is about longitudinal tailoring the phase velocity. This is achieved with choosing the thickness of dielectric, which partially fills the slotted waveguide. The difference between wavelengths in curved and straight waveguides is taken into account. An amplitude distribution function is realized by means of traditional adjusting the each particular slot parameters. The results of computer simulation validate the proposed design technique.
关键词： rectangular waveguide,dielectric filling,phase velocity,conformal antenna,leaky-wave antenna,beam forming
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Optical Fiber Communications (Principles and Applications) || Radio over Fiber
摘要： Radio over Fiber (RoF) technology can integrate advantages of both wireless networks and optical fiber networks. Recently RoF technology has found numerous applications in broadband wireless access communication networks, radio astronomy, RADAR and millimeter-wave communications, antenna array beam-forming, establishment of up- and down-converting links using photonic signals, spectroscopy, imaging, and electronic warfare.
关键词： wireless networks,RoF,radio astronomy,optical fiber networks,millimeter-wave communications,antenna array beam-forming,photonic signals,broadband wireless access,electronic warfare,Radio over Fiber,spectroscopy,RADAR,imaging
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS 2019 - Boston, MA, USA (2019.6.2-2019.6.7)] 2019 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS) - Contra-Directional 3dB 90° Hybrid Coupler in Ridge Waveguides Using Even and Odd TE Modes
摘要： A novel compact wide-band contra-directional single conductor ridge waveguide coupler is presented. It exhibits 50% fractional bandwidth with equal power split between the through and coupled ports while occupying a very compact volume. The design can be exploited in versatile applications, such as beam forming, or high-power combiners. The methodology to design the coupler is presented. It starts with designing the coupling section in a modified double ridge waveguide that supports two independent propagating TE modes. Proper choice of the cross section allows the designer to achieve the required impedance levels for tight coupling values, not common for standard waveguide contra-directional couplers. An S-band proof of concept prototype was synthesized, simulated, fabricated and tested demonstrating excellent measured results without any tuning.
关键词： beam forming,backward coupling,Ridge waveguide,power amplifiers
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Performance Analysis of Fractional Fourier Domain Beam-Forming Methods for Sensor Arrays
摘要： The problem of estimating the direction of arrival (DoA) of multiple far-field moving targets, producing broad-banded chirp signals, in both active and passive mode of operation is addressed. As the chirp signal, commonly used in both radar and sonar systems is better processed in fractional Fourier domain, the detection is done using fractional Fourier transform (FrFT) in the proposed work. Subsequently, the DoA estimation is achieved using both conventional and subspace methods. Even though FrFT beamforming method has been studied in the past, its performance in respect of varying signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and multiple target detection has not been extensively analyzed yet. The results of simulation experiments reported in the present work show that FrFT enjoys better estimation accuracy over the conventional frequency domain beam-forming for chirp signals using Fourier transform (FT), in terms of computational efficiency, accuracy and resolution with low SNR, limited snapshots and sensors, and spatially coherent/multi-path signals. The performance metrics used for the study are (i) root mean square error, (ii) 3-dB beam width and (iii) CPU time for accuracy, resolution and computation time, respectively. It is seen from computer simulations that MUSIC outperforms other DoA estimation techniques from the performance curves for both active and passive systems.
关键词： direction of arrival estimation,chirp signal,Sensor arrays,beam-forming,fractional Fourier transform
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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A SIMPLE 2×3 BEAM-FORMING NETWORK WITH A 2-BIT PHASE SHIFTER FOR FOUR-BEAM RECONFIGURATION
摘要： A simple 2×3 recon?gurable beam-forming network (R-BFN) for four-beam recon?guration application is designed and implemented. The proposed R-BFN with two input ports and three output ports consists of a 2:1 power divider, a 90? hybrid, a 180? hybrid and a 2-bit phase shifter. The 2-bit phase shifter has two states: one is a 180? phase shifter (State 1); the other is a 0?/360? phase shifter (State 2). By introducing the 2-bit phase shifter, the constant phase di?erences of three output ports can be recon?gured. When the proposed R-BFN is connected to an antenna array, a four-beam recon?guration is obtained. Simulated and measured results show that good impedance matching, high port isolation, equal power division, and constant phase di?erence have been achieved simultaneously within the operation band of 2.4–2.6 GHz. The capability of the proposed R-BFN to recon?gure beams is also veri?ed experimentally by using a 2.5 GHz dipole array.
关键词： antenna array,phase shifter,recon?guration,beam-forming network
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46