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Finite-Difference Time-Domain Modeling for Electromagnetic Wave Analysis of Human Voxel Model at Millimeter-Wave Frequencies
摘要： The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) modeling of a human voxel model at millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies is presented. It is very important to develop the proper geometrical and electrical modeling of a human voxel model suitable for accurate electromagnetic (EM) analysis. Although there are many human phantom models available, their voxel resolution is too poor to use for the FDTD study of EM wave interaction with human tissues. In this paper, we develop a proper human voxel model suitable for mmWave FDTD analysis using the voxel resolution enhancement technique and the image smoothing technique. The former can improve the resolution of the human voxel model and the latter can alleviate staircasing boundaries of the human voxel model. Quadratic complex rational function is employed for the electrical modeling of human tissues in the frequency range of 6–100 GHz. Massage passing interface-based parallel processing is also applied to dramatically speed up FDTD calculations. Numerical examples are used to illustrate the validity of the mmWave FDTD simulator developed here for bio electromagnetics studies.
关键词： human tissue,electromagnetic wave,Doppler radar,dispersion model,bioelectromagnetics,Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method,parallel processing
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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H-MATRIX ARITHMETIC FOR FAST DIRECT AND ITERATIVE METHOD OF MOMENT SOLUTION OF SURFACE-VOLUME-SURFACE EFIE FOR 3-D RADIATION PROBLEMS
摘要： Hierarchical (H-) matrix based fast direct and iterative algorithms are presented for acceleration of the Method of Moment (MoM) solution of the Surface-Volume-Surface Electric Field Integral Equation (SVS-EFIE) formulated for scattering and radiation problems on homogeneous dielectric objects. As the SVS-EFIE features the product of the integral operator mapping the tangential equivalent electric current on the surface of the scatterer to the volume polarization current and the integral operator mapping the volume polarization current to the tangential component of the scattered electric field, its MoM discretization produces the product of non-square matrices. Formation of the non-square H-matrices for the MoM discretized integral operators is described. The algorithms for arithmetics pertinent to the product of the non-square H-matrices are explained. The memory and CPU time complexity scaling of the required H-matrix operations are analyzed in details and verified numerically. The numerical validation of the proposed algorithm is provided for both the low-loss dielectric objects as well as for the high-loss biological tissues found in the bioelectromagnetics applications. The numerical experiments demonstrate a significant reduction of memory usage and a considerable speedup for CPU time compared to na?ve MoM, thus, enabling solution of the large-scale scattering and radiation problems with the SVS-EFIE.
关键词： computational electromagnetics,Method of Moments,SVS-EFIE,fast algorithms,bioelectromagnetics,H-matrix
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29