- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
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Advances in Bioengineering || Biomedical Sensor, Device and Measurement Systems
摘要： Sensors are very critical components in all devices and measurement systems. They have been widely used in a lot of fields such as science, medicine, automated manufacturing, environmental monitoring, and so on. Some cheap sensors are finding their ways applying into all sorts of consumer products, from children’s toys, dishwashers to automobiles. To some extent, sensors are multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary field of endeavor. This chapter introduces sensor’s basic definition and features, biomedical sensors, equivalent components in circuit, signal filters and amplifiers, biomeasurement systems and design.
关键词： operational amplifiers,bioinstrumentation,signal filters,biomedical sensors,measurement systems
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Citrus limetta Organic Waste Recycled Carbon Nanolights: Photo-electro catalytic, Sensing and Biomedical Applications
摘要： The present work reports green route-waste recycled carbon nanolights i.e. carbon dots (GCDs) synthesized via a facile one-step pyrolysis method from Citrus limetta waste pulp. The size of these obtained pristine GCDs is ~4-7 nm (HR-TEM), with high optical and structural quality as revealed by FT-IR and Raman spectroscopic analysis. They exhibit the highest quantum yield of 63.3 % over other similar green synthesized GCDs, favourable for many applications. Further, we demonstrate the multifunctional aspects of these synthesized GCDs for photo-electrochemical water splitting, photocatalytic methylene blue degradation, Fe(III) ions sensing, bactericidal activity (against E. coli and S. aureus), and bioimaging with excellent performance. The visible light active characteristic of GCDs is observed to achieve an efficient current density of ~6 mA/cm2 towards water splitting. This study demonstrates the waste to wealth potential of recycled waste derived GCDs in wide range of application domains.
关键词： GCDs,Biomedical,Green Synthesis,Waste Recycle,Dye Degradation,Water Splitting
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Spectroscopic Analyses - Developments and Applications || Application of Flow-Injection Spectrophotometry to Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analyses
摘要： The discovery of new drugs, especially when many samples have to be analyzed in the minimum of time, demand the improvement or development of new analytical methods. Various techniques may be employed for this purpose. In this context, this chapter gathers the collection of paper and represents the review of past work on spectrophotometric technique coupled to a continuous flow system to determine low concentrations of several chemical species in different kinds of pharmaceutical and biological samples. A short historical background of the flow-injection analysis technique and a brief discussion of the basic principles and potential are presented. Part of this chapter is devoted to describing the sample preparation techniques, principles, and figures of merit of analytical methods. Representative applications of flow-injection spectrophotometry to pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis are also described.
关键词： biomedical samples,flow-injection,pharmaceutical,spectrophotometry
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Fluorescent Nanodiamonds || Cell Labeling and Fluorescence Imaging
摘要： Nanocarbons are a family consisting of fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, graphenes, nanodiamonds, and other variations. Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) joined the family in 2005. While receiving less attention than other members of the family, FNDs are gaining popularity as a novel nanoparticle platform for biomedical applications in recent years. An ideal biomedical nanoparticle platform should possess three functionalities: targeting, imaging, and therapeutic. Of course, the nanoparticles must be endowed with high biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity. As evident from all the discussions so far in this book, surface‐functionalized FND clearly meets all these requirements. Applying the platform to biomedical studies is expected to enhance our understanding of the pathophysiological basis of disease, open up more sophisticated diagnostic opportunities, and lead to improved therapies and treatments.
关键词： Imaging,Targeting,Fluorescent nanodiamonds,Nanocarbons,Therapeutic,Biomedical applications
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Atomic Force Microscopy in Molecular and Cell Biology || AFM Imaging-Force Spectroscopy Combination for Molecular Recognition at the Single-Cell Level
摘要： Molecular recognition at the single-cell level is an increasingly important issue in Biomedical Sciences. With atomic force microscopy, cell surface receptors may be recognized through the interaction with their ligands, inclusively for the identification of cell-cell adhesion proteins. The spatial location of a specific interaction can be determined by adhesion force mapping, which combines topographic images with local force spectroscopy measurements. Another valuable possibility is to simultaneously record topographic and recognition images (TREC imaging) of cells, enabling the mapping of specific binding events on cells in real time. This review is focused on recent developments on these molecular recognition approaches, presenting examples of different biological and biomedical applications.
关键词： Molecular recognition,TREC imaging,Atomic force microscopy,Adhesion force mapping,Biomedical applications
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[Fundamental Biomedical Technologies] Advanced High-Resolution Tomography in Regenerative Medicine (Three-Dimensional Exploration into the Interactions between Tissues, Cells, and Biomaterials) || Introduction to X-Ray Micro-tomography
摘要： X-ray computed tomography (CT) represents one of the most powerful 3D non-destructive imaging techniques exploited in clinics to help the diagnostic process of many diseases. The progress achieved in the realization of detectors, in x-ray tube technology, and in the computational power of modern hardware has led to its translation toward micrometer and sub-micrometer range resolution applications. Micro-CT and nano-CT systems based on conventional micro-focus x-ray tubes or newest generation liquid-metal-jet anode (MetalJet) systems are, today, available and largely applied in biomedical research for in vitro studies of biomaterials, scaffolds, bones, teeth, etc. as well as for morphologic and functional studies on excised organs and small animals. Absorption-based imaging is the basis for the most common modality of CT scanners; however, the recent developments of x-ray sources based on synchrotron laboratories and capable to reach unprecedented characteristics of brilliance and intensity have allowed the implementation of innovative imaging approaches. These techniques exploit the refraction of x-rays in the matter instead of their absorption, overcoming the intrinsic limitation of conventional techniques and broadening the utility of micro-CT. In this chapter an overview of the basics of micro-CT will be given, starting from the sources characteristics, then describing the x-ray interactions with matter, and finally addressing the image formation principles. In this latter paragraph, particular attention will be reserved to phase-sensitive techniques, highlighting their potentials to improve biomedical research.
关键词： Nano-CT,Micro-CT,Phase-sensitive techniques,Biomedical imaging,X-ray computed tomography
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[IEEE 2019 International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics (MWP) - Ottawa, ON, Canada (2019.10.7-2019.10.10)] 2019 International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics (MWP) - On-chip Photonic Method for Doppler Frequency Shift Measurement
摘要： 4-D-computed tomography (4DCT) provides not only a new dimension of patient-specific information for radiation therapy planning and treatment, but also a challenging scale of data volume to process and analyze. Manual analysis using existing 3-D tools is unable to keep up with vastly increased 4-D data volume, automated processing and analysis are thus needed to process 4DCT data effectively and efficiently. In this paper, we applied ideas and algorithms from image/signal processing, computer vision, and machine learning to 4DCT lung data so that lungs can be reliably segmented in a fully automated manner, lung features can be visualized and measured on the fly via user interactions, and data quality classifications can be computed in a robust manner. Comparisons of our results with an established treatment planning system and calculation by experts demonstrated negligible discrepancies (within ±2%) for volume assessment but one to two orders of magnitude performance enhancement. An empirical Fourier-analysis-based quality measure-delivered performances closely emulating human experts. Three machine learners are inspected to justify the viability of machine learning techniques used to robustly identify data quality of 4DCT images in the scalable manner. The resultant system provides a toolkit that speeds up 4-D tasks in the clinic and facilitates clinical research to improve current clinical practice.
关键词： Biomedical image processing,machine learning algorithms,classification algorithms,data visualization,computed tomography,morphological operations,image analysis
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Enhancement of optical penetration depth of LED-based NIRS systems by comparing different beam profiles
摘要： Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive brain imaging technique involving the quantification of oxy and deoxy-hemoglobin concentrations resolved from the measurement of Near-Infrared (NIR) light attenuation within the tissue. Previous studies have shown that NIR light is more influenced by the optical properties of the superficial layers than those of the deeper target layers such as cortex. NIR light produced by the Laser source penetrates deeper regions of the tissue rather than the LED source although Laser needs more expensive instrumentation. In this study, we investigate the effect of Uniform and Gaussian beam profiles on the enhancement of LED light penetration depth. The latter beam profiles were generated and compared using Flat and Aspherical lenses applied to the LED sources. In order to increase the signal to noise ratio, the lenses were also applied to the light detector. For performance analysis, two experiments were carried out by scanning the intra space of a liquid phantom by static and dynamic (pulsating) absorbers. Monte Carlo simulations were also carried out to be compared with the experiment. The results showed that Gaussian beam profile and in particular, Bi-Convex lenses applied to both source and detector leads to a greater light penetration depth in the liquid phantom close to that of a Laser source.
关键词： near infrared spectroscopy,optical sensors,biomedical optic,monte carlo simulation,instrumentation
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Analytical Methods of Equivalent Circuit Model and Transmission Matrix for a Plasmonic Switch with Sensing Capability in Near-Infrared Region
摘要： In this paper, the simultaneous switching and sensing capabilities of a compact plasmonic structure based on a conventional rectangular hole in a silver film are proposed and investigated. The proposed structure has ultrahigh sensitivity up to 3000 nm/RIU and high figure of merit of 170 RIU?1. Also, the simulation results show the potential of the presented refractive index sensor to detect malaria infection, cancer cells, bacillus bacteria, and solution of glucose in water. Simultaneously, by changing the incident lightwave polarization, the structure behaves like a plasmonic switch, which has high extinction ratios of 15.81, 31.20, and 25.03 dB at three telecommunication wavelengths of 850, 1310, and 1550 nm, respectively. The ultrafast response time of 20 fs is achieved for the wideband application of the switching capability at the wavelength range of 1056 to 1765 nm. Moreover, the equivalent circuit model and transmission (ABCD) matrix methods are derived to validate the simulated results. Simple design, good agreement between the numerical and analytical results, biomedical applications, ultrahigh sensitivity, and ultrafast performance of the proposed structure help this idea to open up paths for design and implementation of other multi-application plasmonic devices in near-infrared region. To the best of our knowledge, the mentioned analytical methods have not been studied former at near-infrared wavelengths. Therefore, the achievements could pave the way for verifying the simulation results of plasmonic nanostructures in future investigations.
关键词： Near-infrared,Switch,Circuit model,Transmission matrix,Sensor,Biomedical,Polarization-multiplexing,Plasmonic
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 5th International Conference on Computer and Communications (ICCC) - Chengdu, China (2019.12.6-2019.12.9)] 2019 IEEE 5th International Conference on Computer and Communications (ICCC) - Nonuniformity Correction Algorithm for TEC-less Uncooled Infrared Imaging System
摘要： An aging and more sedentary population requires interventions aimed at monitoring physical activity, particularly within the home. This research uses simulation, optimization, and regression analyses to assess the feasibility of using a small number of sensors to track movement and infer physical activity levels of older adults. Based on activity data from the American Time Use Survey and assisted living apartment layouts, we determined that using three to four doorway sensors can be used to effectively capture a suf?cient amount of movements in order to estimate activity. The research also identi?ed preferred approaches for assigning sensor locations, evaluated the error magnitude inherent in the approach, and developed a methodology to identify which apartment layouts would be best suited for these technologies.
关键词： geriatrics,smart homes,senior citizens,sensors,successful aging,gerontology,Biomedical monitoring
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57