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[Laser Institute of America ICALEO?? 2016: 35th International Congress on Applications of Lasers & Electro-Optics - San Diego, California, USA (October 16a??20, 2016)] International Congress on Applications of Lasers & Electro-Optics - Investigation of ablation characteristics for microrobotic materials using laser machining
摘要： Microrobotic devices have been widely investigated as promising alternatives to conventional biomedical technologies. By utilizing magnetic materials, microrobotic devices can be wirelessly manipulated by external magnetic fields without the use of additional power transfer units or batteries. Thus, the overall structures of the microrobotic devices can be effectively minimized to be applied for the human body. To manipulate the devices, various methods such as a magnetic force-based pulling method, cilia-like beating method, and helical propulsion method have been proposed. Conventional helical microrobotic devices have generally been manufactured by using three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies. These technologies are useful when manufacturing spatially complex structures such as the helical structures. However, due to the limitations of the extrusion and lamination processes, microrobotic devices can be constructed with low degree of precision and can have poor surface roughness under the 3D printing technologies. This may cause undesirable damages to the human body tissues. Furthermore, 3D printing requires long processing time due to post-processing to remove unwanted body parts. To improve surface quality and shorten processing time, this research uses laser machining technology. Before directly applying to fabricate helical microrobotic devices, laser ablation characteristics on Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), which is a common material used for 3D printing, are investigated.
关键词： Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS),ablation characteristics,3D printing,laser machining,microrobotic devices
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Tetraphenylbutadiene-Based Symmetric 3D Hole-Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells: A Trial Trade-off between Charge Mobility and Film Morphology
摘要： Two three-dimensional symmetric tetraphenylbutadiene derivatives decorated with diphenylamine or triphenylamine fragments are first prepared for use as hole-transporting materials (HTMs) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The HTMs are acquired using straightforward synthetic methods and facile purification techniques. The thermal stability, photophysical properties, electrochemical behaviors, computational study, hole mobility, X-ray diffraction, hole transfer dynamics, hydrophobicity, surface morphology, and photovoltaic performances of the HTMs are discussed. The highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of CJ-04-based cell is 13.75%, which is increased to 20.06% when CJ-03 is used as HTM, superior to the PCE of the cell based on 2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenylamine)-9,9′-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD) (18.90%). The preparation cost of CJ-03 accounts for merely 23.1% of the price of commercial spiro-OMeTAD, while the concentration of CJ-03 solution used in the device fabrication (60.0 mg mL–1) is lower compared with that of the spiro-OMeTAD solution (72.3 mg mL–1). These results corroborate that the screw-like HTMs with a highly distorted configuration are facilely available and promising candidates for PSCs. More importantly, a practical solution is proposed to achieve moderate charge mobility and good film-formation ability of the HTMs simultaneously.
关键词： butadiene,hole-transporting materials,film morphology,charge transport,perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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What Color Does the Consumer See? Perceived Color Differences in Plastic Products in an LED-Lit Environment
摘要： To attract customers and increase market opportunities, retailers frequently use lighting to highlight the color of their products. However, di?erences between perceived and actual color, triggered by display lighting, can motivate buyers to discard products after purchase. Few studies have been reported on di?erences in perceived color, caused by LEDs. This study focuses on two correlated color temperatures (2800 K, 4000 K) and illuminance levels (500 lx, 1500 lx) to create four LED-lit environments, and measures the di?erences in the color perceived by 20 observers on acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) plastics, with di?erent surfaces, under these four environments. The results reveal that correlated color temperature results in larger perceived di?erences in color than illuminance, and the e?ects of LED light sources on green and yellow ABS plastic products are more obvious than their e?ects on red and blue products. One possible reason for this can be attributed to the visual sensitivity e?ect of human eyes. The results of this study can serve as a reference for designers fabricating ABS plastic products for practical lighting applications, and improving the role of LED lighting in sustainable development.
关键词： Light-emitting diode (LED),Acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) plastic,Perceived color di?erence,Lighting design
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Creation of Superhydrophobic and Superhydrophilic Surfaces on ABS Employing a Nanosecond Laser
摘要： A nanosecond green laser was employed to obtain both superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic surfaces on a white commercial acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS). These wetting behaviors were directly related to a laser-induced superficial modification. A predefined pattern was not produced by the laser, rather, the entire surface was covered with laser pulses at 1200 DPI by placing the sample at different positions along the focal axis. The changes were related to the laser fluence used in each case. The highest fluence, on the focal position, induced a drastic heating of the material surface, and this enabled the melted material to flow, thus leading to an almost flat superhydrophilic surface. By contrast, the use of a lower fluence by placing the sample 0.8 μm out of the focal position led to a poor material flow and a fast cooling that froze in a rugged superhydrophobic surface. Contact angles higher than 150? and roll angles of less than 10? were obtained. These wetting behaviors were stable over time.
关键词： superhydrophilic,superhydrophobic,surface wettability,nanosecond laser surface modification,ABS (Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene)
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14